1、20212021年天津市津南區014歲兒童H3N2亞型流感病原學監測分析20212021年天津市津南區014歲兒童H3N2亞型流感病原學監測分析1959202111-0147-03Abstract：Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of H3N2 subtype influenza virus in Jinnan District of Tianjin from 2021 to 2021， and to provide evidence for the development of influenza preven

2、tion and control strategies. Methods The swine swab specimens of influenza-like cases ILI were collected from the only influenza surveillance sentinel hospital in Tianjin Jinnan District. The real-time quantitative PCR was performed to analyze the positive samples of H3N2 subtype influenza virus.Res

3、ults In the Jinnan District of Tianjin， a total of 2972 ILI cases were detected from 2021 to 2021， among which 245 were positive for H3N2 subtype influenza virus， and the total positive rate was 9.59%. The positive rate of H3N2 subtype influenza nucleic acid in the five monitoring years were 2.21%，

4、17.80%， 4.60%， 16.41%， and 6.86%， the differences were statistically significant P0.05. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of H3N2 subtypes among different gender groups P0.05. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of H3N2 subtype influenza in all age groups

5、P0.05， but the number of H3N2 influenza positive cases was the highest in children with 3 to 8 years old.Conclusion The H3N2 subtype influenza virus in Jinnan District of Tianjin is an annual cyclical epidemic， which occurs mostly in winter and spring. It is the main type of influenza epidemic in re

6、cent years. School-age children are the key population of H3N2 subtype influenza prevention and control， for better prevention and control. Influenza， timely grasp of fashion trends， still needs to strengthen monitoring. 0.05。2.3 H3N2亞型流感年齡分布 本討論共分為5個年齡組，即02歲、35歲、68歲、911歲和1214歲年齡組，各年齡組的H3N2亞型流感陽性率比較

7、，差異無統計學意義？字2=2.759，P>0.05，見表1。2.4 H3N2亞型流感時間分布 H3N2亞型流感流行期為冬春季節，其中各年的流行高峰不同。5個監測年度出現兩個流行高峰，隔年出現，見圖1。3商量流感病毒屬于正黏病毒科，是有包膜的單股負鏈RNA病毒，流感病毒分甲、乙、丙3個型別。通過對病毒監測發覺感染人類致病的有甲型H1N1和H3N2，乙型Victoria和Yamagata。流感爆發大流行都是抗原變異活躍的甲型流行株，乙型流感病毒會引起小范圍流行。世界各地氣候不同，流感流行株也不同，但每個地區依據季節、氣候和溫度等條件不同也都有肯定的流行規律。本討論顯示，天津市津南區5個監測年

8、度H3N2亞型流感出現兩個流行高峰，陽性率最高峰為51.11%46/90，出如今2021年12月;其次為2021年1月，陽性率為40.79%31/76;隔年出現，這個特點與周邊地區相同2。檢出人群性別無差異，各年齡組陽性率差異無統計學意義，但陽性病例數量多集中在38歲兒童，這個年齡段的兒童處于幼兒園與小學階段，與人接觸更加頻繁，但抵抗力仍舊較弱，簡單感染多種呼吸道病毒或細菌，尤其小學生在流感流行季時高度集中，人與人之間接觸緊密，且戶外活動過少，加之自身的防控流感意識相對缺乏等緣由，簡單造成流感病毒的傳播流行，甚至局部爆發流行3-5。緣由：兒童免疫系統尚不完善，學校和幼兒園人群密集，易造成呼吸道病毒在兒童間的傳播;兒童患病后就診的比例和準時性要高于其他人群6，7，因此兒童也被列為流感疫苗的優先接種人群，監測結果顯示，一般10月份H3N2流感就開始流行，由于流感疫苗接種后2周才產生愛護性抗體，因此建議于9月份接種流感疫苗。由于H3N2亞型流感病毒在人群中流行廣泛并發生了多位點變異8，近些年流感疫苗中H3N2亞型疫苗株與流行株抗原匹配度