1、v1.0可編輯可修改Unit One1. What does the “ the icy defender ” refer toIt refers to the raw, bitter, bleak Russia n win ter.2. What did Napole on expect whe n he assembled his army to attack RussiaHe expected the conq uest of Russia in five weeks.3. What did the Russia ns do in the face to Napole on' s

2、 offen siveWhat strategy didthe Russia ns adoptIn stead of fight ing, they retreated eastward, burning their crops and homes asthey went. They let the Russia n win ter fight the war for them while they bided their time.4. What did Napole on discover after he occupied MoscowNapoleon discovered that t

3、he occupation of the city was an empty victory because the Russia ns fled their capital leavi ng him almost nothing at all.5. What happened to Napoleon' s army when it was retreating from MoscowThey suffered heavy losses as a result of the extreme cold and the Russia ns'hit-a nd-run attacks.

4、6. What did Napole on do whe n Paris was capturedNapole on abdicated and went into exile.7. When did Hitler begi n his in vasi on of the Soviet Union What tactics did he useHow long did he expect the campaign to lastHitler began his invasion of the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941 without a declarati o

5、n of war. He expected the campaig n to last no Ion ger tha n three mon ths by using the so-called"lightning war ” tactics.8. WasStalin prepared for Hitler's attack What did he do in the face of the German in vasi onNo, he wasn' t. He instructedthe Russian people to “ scorch the earth ”

6、in frontof the Germa n in vaders.9. How did the people of Lenin grad resp ond to the Germa n attackThe people of Lenin grad refused to surre nderand put up a heroic, stiffresista nee.10. What slowed down the German advanee on Moscow What made the German offensivecome to a haltAn early, severe, cold

7、win ter,to a large exte nt,slowed dow n the Germa n adva neeon Moscow.11. What was the significanee of the battle of StalingradThe loss of the battle for Stalingradturned the tide against Hitler. The Germanvictories were over.12. What conclusion does the author draw from Napoleon' s and Hitler &

8、#39; s militarycampaig nsThe author con cludes that the eleme nts of n ature must be reck oned with in any military campaig n.Unit 21. How importa nt was the automobile in dustry in the twen tieth cen turyThe automobile in dustry ran ked as among the most lucrative and powerfulin dustries of the twe

9、n tieth cen tury.2. What will happe n to cars and roads in the twen ty-first cen turyCars and roads will be revolutio nized in the twen ty-first cen tury.3. Whydoes the author say the key to tomorrow ' s“ smart cars ” will be sensorsBecause it is sensors that will enable vehiclesand roads to be

10、able to see,hear, feel, smell, talk, and act.4. How would sen sors help reduce traffic fatalitiesSensors can sense if a driver is drunk and refuse to start up the engine.5. What is the function of the radars hidde n in bumpersThe radars hidde n in the bumpers can sca n for n earby cars. If you make

11、a serious driving mistake the computer will sound an immediate warning.6. How will a smart car alert a driver who feels drowsyIf the driver ' s eyelids close for a certain length of time and his or herdrivingbecomes erratic, a computer in the dashboard could alert the driver.7. What makes it pos

12、sible for smart cars to determine their approximate locationGPSmakes it possible for smart cars to determine theirlocationon the earthto with in about a hun dred feet.8. What are the prospects for applicati ons of GPSWith the price of microchips dropping so drastically, future applicationsof GPS are

13、 virtually limitless.9. What is “ telematics ” expected to achieve in increasingthe efficiencyandsafety of highway tran sportati onIt is expected to put smart cars on smart highways.10. What are traffic engin eers doing on In terstate 15 close to San DiegoThey are in stall ingan MIT-desig nedsystem

14、which willin troducethe“automated driver ” .11. What hopes do promoters of the smart highway have for its futureThey have great hopes for its future. By 2010, telematicsmay well bein corporated into one of the major highways in the Un ited States. By 2020,telematics could be adopted in thousandsof m

15、iles of highways in the UnitedStates.12. What are the advantages of smart highwaysSmart highways could be an environmentalboon, saving fuel, reducing trafficjams, decreas ing air polluti on, and servi ng as an alter native to highway expa nsion.Unit 31. What is the writer accord ing to what says at

16、the begi nning of the textHe runs a manu facturi ng compa ny.2. What ki nd of an swers did he get from the college graduate who wan ted a job Almost all of them were no.3. What conclusion did the writer draw from the young applicant' s answersThis applicant was ill prepared for the job he was ap

17、plying for and therefore ill qualified.4. What is the first suggesti on the writer gives to job applica ntsPrepare to wi n.5. What changes have taken place with employees since the writer' s collegedaysThey now have to switch jobs freque ntly.6. What example does the writer use in support of his

18、 sec ond suggesti onA 90-year-old tennis player who wan ted to work on his weak ness backha ndcourt.7. What is the writer ' s third suggestion mainly concerned withBelieve in yourself, even whe n no one else does.8. Whydoes the writer talk about the cabs in New York when he gives his fourth sugg

19、esti onBecause he will mention a cab driver who is different.9. What was it about the cabdriver that particularly impressed the writerHis efforts to make a differe nee.10. What made the writer travel with his men tor Curt Carls on in Carls on' s jetand what happe ned on the day of departureHe wa

20、s offered a ride on a day whe n Minn esota was hit with one of the worst sno wstorms in years and the intern ati onal airport there was closed for the first time in decades.11. Why was Curt Carls on so happy whe n they were taxii ng dow n the run wayBecause there were no tracks left inthe snow, whic

21、h means he was the firstpers on to take off from there.12. What point does the writer want to make by talk ing about his men tor, CurtCarls onCarls on was excited about being first, which is exactly what the writer recomme nds to job applica nts.Unit 41. What evide nee does the author produce in sup

22、port of his stateme nt thatAmerica is not in decli neAmerica still attracts millions of people, andpeople aren ' t attracted toa place in decli ne.2. What thesis does Paul Kennedy advanee in his book The Rise and Fall of Great Powers What does the author think of itAccord ing to Paul Kenn edy, A

23、merica will, followi ng historical precede nts,in evitably decli ne. But the author disagrees.3. What does the author mean by“ a new Pacific civilization” What does hethink characterizes the new civilizationIt means a mixture of Hispa nic and Asia n cultures lin ked through the most moder n com mun

24、icati on tech no logies. The new civilizati on is characterized by ope nn ess and pluralism.4. Why does the author mentionLos Angeles when he portrayingthe newcivilizati on he en visageHe believes Los Angeles to be a premonition of the new Pacific civilization.5. In what way does the change in the c

25、omposition of LA' s population anticipate the gen eral trend in that of mankind90 percent of the immigrants to LA are from the Third World, and at thest.begi nning of the 21cen tury 90 perce nt of the worlds populati ons willbe dark-sk inn ed.6. What has made the personalcomputer company in Oran

26、ge County highlysuccessfulA fashion of traditionalThird World cultures with the most modernmen talities and tech no logies.7. What is characteristic of the new relati on ship betwee n developme nt andun derdevelopme ntCooperati on and con struct ion.8. What is the differenee between the Western and

27、non-Western concepts of time According to the author, Western time is organized by the clock. In non-Wester n culture, time is a measure betwee n even ts.9. Who was Jose Vasc on celosz What did he write about in the book men ti oned inthe textHe was a Mexican philosopher. In his book he dreamed of t

28、he possibilitythatin the future, all races on the pla net would merge into one type of man.10. What is the com mon aim that will harm onize compet ing cultures in a placeA better living standard and the chance to try.11. In what way is the comb in ati on of culture and space importa nt to immigra nt

29、s to AmericaThe culture allows one to try to be somebody. Space is significantnot onlyin a geographical sen se, but also in the sense of opport un ities, of social mobility.12. What does a person feel if he fails in a stagnant society WhyThis person will be discouraged and pessimistic,believingthat

30、the failurewas determ ined by fate.Unit 51. Does the narrator think our first impressions of a person are always rightWhy or why notNo, he doesn ' t. Because his personal experienee tells him this is wrong.2. What was Edward Burt on by professi on How did he lookHe was a mercha nt and had bee n

31、in bus in ess in Japa n for many years. He wasa tiny little fellow, n ot much more tha n fivefeet four in height, and veryslender, with white hair, a read face much wrinkled, and blue eyes.3. What struck the n arrator most about Edward Burt on WhyEdward Burton had done someth ing the n arrator could

32、 n ever have believed he would, uni ess he had heard the story from his own lips. Both in appeara nee and manner he suggested the type of character you would not associate with such an acti on.4. Who was Lenny Burt on How did Edward Burt on get to know himLennny Burt on was a remitta nce man livi ng

33、 in Japa n. Edward Burt on used to play bridge with him.5. What was Edward Burt on ' s impressi on of LennyIn his eyes, Lenny was not a bad chap, and he liked him.6. How did Lenny man age to support himselfHe got from time to time, a bit of money from his family in London and madea bit more by c

34、ard-play ing.7. Why did Lenny call at his namesake ' s office one dayHe called at his n amesakes office to ask for a job.8. How did Edward resp ond to his requestEdward refused his request and humiliated him.9. How did the resp onse help to show him up in his true colorsThe response showed that

35、he was a cruel man because he even made fun of Lenny who was dow n and out in stead of givi ng him help.10. What idea did Edward think of when Lenny begged again for a jobEdward asked Lenny to swim from the Shioya Club round the beacon and landat the creek of Tarumi. It was over three miles and rath

36、er difficult.11. Why did Lenny hesitate before he agreed to do as he was told toBecause he knew that he was not in good con diti on and might not make it.12. When Edward set a condition for offering a job, was he aware Lenny wouldbe drow ned How do you knowYes. Because Edward said that he hadn '

37、 t got a vacancy in his office whenhe set the con diti on.Unit 61. What did we use to expect from tech no logyWe used to thi nk that tech no logy would make our lives easier.2. In what ways have inven tio ns such as the motorcar and the aircraft broughtus ben efits And what about the adve nt of wash

38、 ing mach inesInven tio nssuch as the motorcar and the aircraft have offered us uni mag in ablelevels of pers onal mobility.Wash ing mach ines have freed wome n from havi ngto toil over the laun dry.3. What new burde ns has tech no logy produced apart from crammi ng work into ourleisure timeAccordin

39、g to the author, aside from followingwork to spread into our leisuretime, tech no logy has also added the new burde n of deali ng with faxes, e-mailsand voicemails.4. Howfast is in formati ongen erated today as compared to a couple of cen turiesagoA couple of centuries ago, nearly all the world '

40、; s accumulated learningcouldbe contained in the heads of a few philosophers. Today, those heads could not hope to accommodate more than a tiny fraction of the information gen erated in a sin gle day.5. What is Edward Wils on ' s purpose in subscrib ing to sixty-odd jour nals andmagaz inesHis pu

41、rpose is to keep him up with what is going on in his specializedfield en tomology.6. What gives rise to our disc ontent with super abundanceThe con fusi on of en dless choice gives rise to our disc ontent with super abundance.7. Is every one time-starved today What perce ntageof the populati onissufferi ng un der the stresses and stra ins of life todayNo. About half the populations is suffering under the stresses and strainsof life today.8. What is