1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之主謂一致主謂一致常考點(diǎn)：1. 單數(shù)名詞(代詞)，不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式，復(fù)數(shù)名詞(代詞)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 The desk is Toms. 這張桌子是湯姆的。 Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。 The students are playing football on the playground. 學(xué)生正在操場(chǎng)上踢足球. 2. 動(dòng)詞不定式，動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例如： To see is to believe.眼見為實(shí)。 Doing eye exercises is good

2、for your eyes. 做眼保健操對(duì)眼睛有好處。Reading newspapers and magazines is good for our study. 讀書和看報(bào)紙對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)有好處。（雖然newspapers and magazines為復(fù)數(shù)，但是句子的主語(yǔ)是reading，所以動(dòng)詞依舊是is）Eating candies and chocolates is bad for our teeth.吃糖和巧克力對(duì)牙齒不好。（同理，雖然candies and chocolates為復(fù)數(shù)，但是句子的主語(yǔ)是eating，所以動(dòng)詞依舊是is）3.“many a+單數(shù)名詞”（許多）或者“ more

3、 than one+單數(shù)名詞”（超過(guò)一個(gè)）作主語(yǔ)，意義雖然是復(fù)數(shù)，但謂語(yǔ)要用單數(shù)形式。Many a student has been to Shanghai. 許多學(xué)生到過(guò)上海。 Many a student likes reading. 許多學(xué)生喜歡閱讀。More than one student has failed the exam. 不止一個(gè)學(xué)生考試不及格More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一個(gè)學(xué)生曾經(jīng)去過(guò)北京。 4. 表示時(shí)間，價(jià)格，重量，數(shù)目，長(zhǎng)度，數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算等的詞或短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，這些通常作一個(gè)整體概念，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式。

4、Two months is a long holiday. 兩個(gè)月是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)假。 Twenty pounds isnt so heavy. 2 0磅并不太重。 Ten miles isnt a long distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很長(zhǎng)的距離。Two thousand dollars is a large sum of money. 2000美金是很大一筆錢5. 主語(yǔ)為one of , each of等加復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。如：One of my favorite sports is basketball.One of the students is reading. Eac

5、h of them has an English dictionary.6. each, either, neither, another, the other +名詞 作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 Each student has his own dictionary.Either answer is correct. 兩個(gè)答案中有一個(gè)是正確的。Neither answer is correct兩個(gè)答案都不正確。Another solution（解決的辦法）to the problem is needed.One student is reading while the other studen

6、t is reading.7. 不定代詞somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody,  no one,  nothing作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 Is everyone here today?    今天大家到齊了嗎？ Something is wrong with him.

7、   他有毛病。Nobody was in the classroom. 沒人在教室。 8. 有些以s 結(jié)尾的名詞本身不表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語(yǔ)通常用單數(shù)形式，如news, maths, physics等。 No news is good news. 沒有消息就是好消息。 Maths is very popular in our class 在我們班數(shù)學(xué)很受歡迎。 某些以-s結(jié)尾的地理名稱，例如國(guó)名，如the United States，the Netherlands等，或者是組織名字：the United Nations（聯(lián)合國(guó)），謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用作單數(shù)。The Unite

8、d States is a developed country. 美國(guó)是一個(gè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家。The United Nations is an international organization9. 由bothand連接兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；Both his father and his mother are both teachers. 他的爸爸和媽媽都是老師。10. 由and連接的兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式Swimming and walking are good exercises.Reading newspapers and taking a walk afte

9、r dinner are good habits.例外： and所連接的并列主語(yǔ)是同一個(gè)人，事物，或概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老師來(lái)了。(作家和老師是兩個(gè)人) The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教師來(lái)了。(作家和教師指同一個(gè)人) The bread and the butter are their main food. （面包和黃油作為兩種獨(dú)立的食物）The bread and butter is his favorite food. （抹了黃油的面包這一種食物）A k

10、nife and fork is on the table. （這個(gè)里面knife和fork是一套餐具，算一個(gè)整體）Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit. every, each, no, many a 做定語(yǔ)時(shí)，即使用and 連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)也用單數(shù)No teacher and (no) student has seen the film.No food and (no) water is in the house.Each boy and (each) girl has got a seat. 每個(gè)男孩和女孩都有一

11、個(gè)座位。Every boy and (every) girl has got a seat.Many a boy and many a girl has already seen the film. one and a half+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。 One and a half cake is on the table.11. 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)部分含有with，together with，along with，as well as，besides，except，but，like等介詞短語(yǔ)時(shí)，因?yàn)榻樵~短語(yǔ)是起修飾的作用，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞由介詞短語(yǔ)之前的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)決定，與介詞短語(yǔ)之后的名詞無(wú)

12、關(guān)。The fruit (like apples, oranges) is good for our health.（句子括號(hào)部分為修飾成分）Mike with his father has been to England. 邁克同他的父親去過(guò)英格蘭。 Mike, like his brother, enjoys playing football 邁克像他的哥哥一樣喜歡踢足球。12. A or B, either A or B，neither A nor B, not only A but also B, not A but B,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)采用就近原則The teacher or the

13、 students are going to the museum.Is the teacher or the students going to the museum?Either my wife or I am going. Neither you, nor I, nor anyone else knows the answer.Not only you but also he is ready to leave.Not the teacher but the students are going to the museum.a/an+單數(shù)名詞+or two 作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 A

14、student or two has failed the exam. 一兩個(gè)學(xué)生考試不及格。13. 以here，there開頭的句子，若主語(yǔ)在兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常與最近的主語(yǔ)一致。 There is a book and three pens on the desk. Here comes the bus the cars.14. 如果主語(yǔ)是由“a series of, a kind of, a portion of等+名詞”構(gòu)成時(shí)，動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式。但“a variety of, a number of +名詞復(fù)數(shù)”，表示“許多”，動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。A series of tap

15、s has been prepared for language laboratory use.一系列磁帶已備好在語(yǔ)音室使用A variety of books are listed on the shelf.區(qū)別：a number of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞“許多”表示復(fù)數(shù)；the number of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞“的數(shù)字”表示單數(shù)。 A number of famous people were invited to party. 許多名人都被邀請(qǐng)參加這個(gè)聚會(huì)。 The number of the students is over eight hundred. 我們學(xué)校的學(xué)生數(shù)超過(guò)800人。 當(dāng)kind

16、of, pair of, glass of 等短語(yǔ)修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)與kind, pair, glass等一致。 This pair of trousers is very new, but Toms trousers are very old. There are two glasses of water on the table. 桌上有兩杯水。15. people, cattle, police等集體名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，The police(警方)are searching for the robbers.People here are very friendly. famil

17、y，class，group，team等集體名詞作主語(yǔ)，若指一個(gè)整體時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，若指具體的所有成員時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。His family isnt large. 表示“家庭”，他家的人不多。 My family all like watching TV. 表示“家人”，我們一家人都喜歡看電視。“定冠詞+姓氏復(fù)數(shù)形式”表示一家人時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)一般用復(fù)數(shù)。 The Smiths are having dinner. 史密斯一家人正在吃飯。16. the+形容詞表示一類人時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式（常考）表示抽象概念時(shí)，用單數(shù)形式（這個(gè)考得比較少） The poor (=poor people)

18、 are very happy, but the rich are sad. The beautiful (=beauty表示“美”這個(gè)抽象的概念) lives forever. 美是永存的。17. 單、復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞如sheep; deer; means作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)根據(jù)意義決定單、復(fù)數(shù)。A sheep is over there. Some sheep are over there.Every means has been tried.18. all of/ most of /half of /the rest of/ the majority of +名詞，lots of/ a l

19、ot of/plenty of+ 名詞，分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)+名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞由of后面的名詞的數(shù)保持一致。All of my students work hard.All of the oil is gone.Two-thirds of the students are reading.The majority of the students like potatoes.如果主語(yǔ)由"one in/one out of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞" 構(gòu)成，在正式語(yǔ)體中，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。One in ten students has passed the examination.One out o

20、f twelve bottles was left.19. 定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞who、that、which等在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與句中先行詞的數(shù)一致。I like the music that is interesting. I like the people who are friendly.注意區(qū)別：Lily is one of the students who are hard-working. （是girls勤奮，Lily是其中之一）Lily is the only one of the students who is hard-working. （Lily是唯一勤奮

21、的那個(gè)）20. What 引導(dǎo)的從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，由what指代的名詞決定。What we want is a happy life. = A happy life is what we want.What we need are a good job and a happy life. = A good job and a happy life are what we need.21.名詞性物主代詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)決于它所代替的是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。Your classroom is small. Ours (=our classroom) is big.Your shoes are whi

22、te. Mine (= my shoes) are black.Exercise:1. Miss Huang together with her friends _ shopping every Sunday evening. A. go B. went C. going D. goes2. The United Nations _ in 1945. A. are set up B. were set up C. was set up D. is set up3. Ten kilometers _ way.A. are quite long B. are quite a long C. is

23、quite a long D. is a quite long4. How many students are there in your class? - _ the students in our class _ over fifty. A. The number of; is B. The number of; are C. A number of; is D. A number of; are5. Look! There _ playing with the children on Dongfeng Square.A. are a number of deer B. is a numb

24、er of deer C. are a number of deers D. is a number of deers6. Everyone except Tom and John _ there when the meeting began. A. was B. were C. is D. are7. Each of the students _ a dictionary. A. have B. has C. is D. are8. Nothing but cars _ in the shop. A. is sold B. are sold C. were sold D. are going

25、 to sell9. The Greens _ France since the spring of 1990. A. have been to B. have been in C. has been to D. had been in10. How many teachers are there in your school? - About 150. One third of them _ men teachers. A. have B. has C. are D. is11. When and where to go for the holiday _ yet. A. have not

26、been decided B. is not decided C. are not decided D. has not been decided12. Your trousers _ dirty, you must have _ washed. A. is, them B. are, it C. are, them D. is, it13. No one except Jack and Tom _ the answer. A. know B. knows C. is knowing D. are known 14. Seventy percent of the students in our

27、 school_ from the countryside. A. is B. are C. comes D. are coming15. Not only the student but also Mr. Smith _ tired of having one examination. A. is B. are C. was D. were16. My brother asked me ten questions. The first five were easy, but the rest _ difficult. A. were B. are C. was D. is17. The po

28、or _ happy; but the rich _ sad. A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is18. John and his uncle _ going hiking tomorrow. A. be B. am C. is D. are19. Either my friends or I _ going to the library on Monday. A. is B. be C. am D. are20. Why did you choose English instead of Japanese? - Because Japane

29、se _ as popular as English. A. isnt B. arent C. has been D. have been21. To save time _ to lengthen life. A. are B. was C. were D. is22. _ of the money _ used up. A. Three-five, are B. Three-fifths, have been C. Three-fifths, has been D. Third-fifths, is23. The Chinese _ peace but they arent afraid

30、of war. A. love B. loves C. loved D. loving24. The number of the people who _cars _ increasing. A. owns, are B. owns, is C. own, is D. own, are25. Nothing _ difficult in the world, _ it? A. are, are B. is, isnt C. are, arent D. is, is26. The sheets for your bed _ washing. A. needs B. are needing C.

31、need D. is needing27. Xiao Dong is one of the best students in his class who _ by their teacher. A. praises B. is praised C. praise D. are praised28. Swimming in the pool with the children _ very interesting. A. has B. have C. is D. are29. _ politics difficult for you to learn? A. Are B. Do C. Does D. Is30. No news _ good news. A. am B. are C. is D. be31. John with his uncle _ going hiking tomorrow. A. be B. am C. is D. are32. Jimmys family _ a large one. The whole family _ watching TV. A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is33. Half of the apple