1、人教版英語必修四Unit 1 Women of achievement 重難點Teaching goals 教學目標1 Target language 目標語言a. 重點詞匯achieve, achievement, condition, welfare, institute, connection, campaign, organization, specialist, behave, behavior, worthwhile, nest, observe, observation, respect, argue, entertainment, inspire, support, devot

2、e . tob. 重點句子Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. P2Everybody sits and waits while the animals in the group begin to wake up and move. P2But the evening makes it all worthwhile. P2. we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night. P2Only after her mother

3、 came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. P2For forty years Jane Goodall has been helping the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals. P22 Ability goals 能力目標a. Learn Warming Up, and know how to tell the great women and the famous wome

4、n.b. Learn the way to describe a person from what the person did, what she/he looks like and so on.3 Learning ability goals 學能目標Teach Ss how to describe a person.Teaching important points 教學重點 a. By reading A protector of African wildlife, students can learn from Jane Goodall in at least two aspects

5、: one is what is the humane way to study animals; the other is that it was her great personality - universal love and mercy（博愛與慈悲 ）that made her successful. If everyone had such kind of heart, they would give everything benefit for all living things. Then our world will be full of love and peace, wi

6、thout any war and starvation.b. Ask students to answer these questions: 1) What made her a great success?2) What should we learn from Jane Goodall?Teaching difficult points 教學難點Let everyone believe that all of us can become Jane Goodall.【詞匯用法和解析】1achieve v. 完成，達到；實現，獲得e.g He will never achieve anyth

7、ing if he doesnt work hard. The company has achieved a 100% increase in profitability. achievement： un. 完成；達到 cn. 成績；成就e.g We felt a great sense of achievement when we reached the top of the mountain. He has broken two world records in one day, which is quite an achievement. 2connection: 1). cn./ un

8、. 了解；關系 (with/between) e.g There is a strong connection between smoking and heart disease. The company has a connection with a number of Japanese firms.2). cn. 連接物e.g This town has very good road and railway connections with the coast.3). Un. 連接，聯結e.g The connection of the popes to the main water su

9、pply only took a few minutes.4). cn. Pl. 親屬；親戚 She s English but she has Irish connections.in connection with: 有關e.g In connection with your request of March 3, we are sorry to tell you that we cant give you a reply until the manager comes back next week.3devote to devoted: adj. 忠實的 devotion: n. 熱愛，

10、忠誠e.g He has devoted his life to helping blind people. He is my devoted friend. He is also devoted to his wife.4behave: v. behavior :n. e.g She has been behaving rather oddly. Behave yourself.5worthwhile : adj. e.g We had a long wait, but it was worthwhile because we got the ticket. Worthwhile: 值得花時

11、間/精力/金錢 Worth: 值得尊敬的/重視的 be worth+ n. /doing Worthy: （表語形容詞）值得的 be worthy of +n./being done; Be worthy to be done 1). This vase was _ five hundred francs at the most. 2). Everybody has roots. It is _ to search for his roots. 3). She proved herself a _ successor of the former champion. 4). This book

12、is well _ reading and it is _ of being read a second time.Keys: 1). Worth 2). Worthwhile 3). Worthy 4). Worth; worthy6observe: v. 看到，注意到；遵守/奉行 Observe sb. do/doing sth. Observe thate.g I observed a stranger going into the house. Do you often observe the speed limit?7respect: n. v. e.g We should resp

13、ect each other. Respectful: 恭敬的，對人有禮的 Respectable; 受/被人尊重e.g He is a respectful student. He respects the teachers. He is respectable teacher. He is respected by all his students.8argue v. argue with/over/aboute.g He often argues with me.極力說服；勸告e.g She argued him into/out of leaving his job. Argument

14、: n. e.g His argument doesnt hold water.9inspire e.g He tried to inspire them to greater efforts. inspired / inspiring : adj. inspiration: n.inspire sb. to do eg. His speech inspired us greatly. The teacher inspired us to make greater efforts. The memory of his childhood inspired his first novel(促成；

15、賦予靈感) inspired 有靈感的 inspiring激勵人心的10support : v. 承受；支撐；撫養，資助；贊成，支持；e.g do you think those shelves can support so many books?She needs a high income to support such a large family.Do you support their demands of independence? Supporter: n. e.g Im a strong supporter of womens rights.11deliver: v. 傳送；把

16、.踢向；發表，宣布；給接生e.g Letters are delivered every day. She delivered a hard kick to his knee. The doctor delivered her baby. Delivery: n.12mean的用法 Mean doing sth. 意味著做 eg. Doing such a thing means wasting time. mean to do sth 打算做某事 eg. Do you mean to go without money?13wander的用法 1）可以解釋為漫步，逛，常與about搭配 e.g

17、 We love wandering about the hills 2）還可以解釋為脫離，迷失 e.g Dont wander off the point13worthwhile adj. 值得做的,值得花時間(金錢)的 It is worthwhile to do/ doing e.gIt was worthwhile to visit Paris. = The visit to Paris is worthwhile. 去巴黎訪問是值得的. Its worthwhile discussing/ to discuss the question again. 這個問題值得再討論一下。 It

18、is a worthwhile book 那是一本值得一讀的書.14observe 觀察到，注意到 eg.She observed his actions with interest. 她很感興趣地觀察他的行動 His neighbour observed a stranger go into his house 他的鄰居看到了一個陌生人進入他的家15“Only + 狀語”開頭的句子要用倒裝 eg. Only in this way can we learn English better Only then did I realize my mistake. 直到那時我才知道我的錯誤 Only

19、 you understand me. I met her only yesterday.16work out eg. I cant work out the meaning of the poem.(理解，說出) Things have worked out badly. （進行，發展） Work out his income （算出） Work out a plan （制定，擬定）17have/ has been doing 現在完成進行時，表示動作從過去就已開始，一直持續到現在，可能還會繼續下去 eg. He has been reading since this morning.今早起

20、，他一直在看書 He is very tired; he has been working hard all day He has been writing a letter.他一直在寫信 He has written a letter.他已寫過信了18argue 爭論；辯論；說服 argue for / argue against 主張反對 argue about sth. argue with sb. argue sb. into doing sth. 說服某人做某事【語法精講】：主謂一致(Subject- Verb Agreement)，指”人稱”和”數方面的一致關系.如: He is

21、going abroad. They are playing football.可分為:語法一致, 內容一致, 就近一致.(一) 語法一致原則: 即主語為單數,謂語用單數,主語為復數,謂語也用復數. 以下為注意事項:1. 單數主語即使后面帶有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引導的短語, 謂語動詞仍用單數.如: Air as well as water

22、is matter. 空氣和水都是物質.No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了兩個仆人外, 沒有一個人遲來用餐。2. 用and連接的并列主語,如果主語是同一個人,同一事,同一概念, 謂語動詞用單數, 否則用復數. 如: The poet and writer has come. 那位詩人兼作家來了.(一個人)A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 錘子和鋸都是有用的工具. (兩樣物)用and連接的成對名詞習慣上被看成是一個整體, 如:bread and butter(黃油抹面包), knif

23、e and fork(刀叉)等作主語時, 謂語動詞用單數。3. 不定式(短語), 動名詞(短語), 或從句作主語時, 謂語動詞用單數. 如:Serving the people is my great happiness. 為人民服務是我最大的幸福.When well go out for an outing has been decided. 我們什么時候出去郊游已決定了。4. 用連接的并列主語被each, every 或no修飾時, 謂語動詞用單數.Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每個男孩和每個女孩都喜歡去游泳.No teach

24、er and no student was absent from the meeting. 沒有老師也沒有學生開會缺席.Each man and (each) woman is asked to help. 每個男人和每個女人都被請去幫忙。5. each of + 復數代詞, 謂語動詞用單數. 復數代詞+each, 謂語動詞用單數.如:Each of us has something to say. 我們每個人都有話要說。6. 若主語中有more than one 或many a/an , 盡管從意義上看是復數, 但它的謂語動詞仍用單數。 但more+復數名詞+than one做主語時, 謂

25、語動詞仍用復數. 如:Many a boy likes playing basketball. 許多男生都喜歡打籃球.More than one student was late. 不只一個學生遲到More persons than one come to help us. 不止一個人來幫助我們。7. none 做主語時,謂語動詞可用單數, 也可用復數; 但在代表不可數的東西時總是看作單數,因而謂語動詞要用單數. 如:None of us are (is) perfect. 人無完人。None of this worries me. 這事一點不使我著急。8. 名詞如: trousers, sc

26、issors, clothes, goods, glasses 等作主語時, 謂語動詞必須用復數. 如:His clothes are good. 但這些名詞前若出現 a pair of , 謂語一般用單數.如:A pair of glasses is on the desk. 桌上有一副眼鏡。9. 形復意單名詞如:news ; 以ics 結尾的學科名稱如: physics, mathematics, economics; 國名如: the United States; 報紙名如: the New Times; 書名如: Arabian Night <天方夜談> 以及The Uni

27、ted Nations<聯合國> 等作主語時, 謂語動詞用單數。10. “a +名詞+and a half “, “one and a half + 名詞”, “the number of + 名詞” 等作主語時, 謂語動詞要用單數. 如:Only one and a half apples is left on the table.注意: one or two + 復數名詞作主語, 謂語動詞用復數形式, 如:One or two places have been visited. 參觀了一兩個地點。(二) 內容一致原則: 1.主語中有all, half, most, the re

28、st等, 以及”分數或百分數+名詞”做主語時,謂語動詞單復數取決于連用的名詞.如:The rest of the bikes are on sale today. 剩下的自行車， 今天出售。60%of the apple was eaten by little boy. 這個蘋果的60%都被這個小男孩吃了。Most of the apples were rotten. 大部分的蘋果都是爛的。Most of the apple was eaten by a rat. 這個蘋果的大部分被老鼠吃了。2. 不定數量的詞組, 如:part of , a lot of , lots of , one of

29、 , a number of , plenty of等作主語時, 謂語動詞的單復數取決于量詞后面名詞的數.如:A part of the textbooks have arrived. 一小部分教科書已運到。A part of the apple has been eaten up by the pig. 這個蘋果的一部分被豬吃光了。3. 加減乘除用單數.如:Fifteen minus five is ten . 15減去5等于10。4. 表示時間, 金錢, 距離, 度量等的名詞做主語時, 盡管是復數形式, 它們做為一個單一的概念時, 其謂語動詞用單數.如:Ten miles is a goo

30、d distance. 十英里是一個相當的距離。5. (1) 通常作復數的集體名詞. 包括police , people, cattle 等, 這些集體名詞通常用作復數.如: The British police have only very limited powers.(2) 通常作不可數名詞的集體名詞. 包括equipment, furniture, clothing, luggage 等.(3) 可作單數也可作復數的集體名詞. 包括 audience, committee, government, family, enemy, group, party, team, public 等.

31、如:The committee has/have decided to dismiss him. 委員會決定解雇他。6. the +形容詞/過去分詞形式”表示一類人或事物, 作主語時, 謂語動詞用復數.如:The injured were saved after the fire.(三) 就近原則1. 由here, there, where 等引導的倒裝句中, (有時主語不止一個時)謂語動詞與靠近它的主語在數上一致.如:Here comes the bus 公共汽車來了.Here is a pen and some pieces of paper for you. 給你一支鋼筆和幾張紙。Whe

32、re is your wife and children to stay while you are away?你不在這兒的時候, 你愛人和孩子在哪兒呆呢？2. 用連詞or, either. or, neither.nor, not only.but also 等連接的并列主語, 謂語動詞與靠近它的主語在數上一致。 如：Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it 學生和老師都不知道這事.He or you have taken my pen. 他或你拿了我的鋼筆。注意: one of +復數名詞+who/that/w

33、hich 引導的定語從句中, 定語從句的動詞為復數。如：Mary is one of those people who keep pets. 瑪麗是飼養寵物者之一。The only one of +復數名詞+ who/that./which 引導的定語從句中，定語從句的動詞應為單數。Mary is the only one of those people who keeps pets. 瑪麗是唯一一個飼養寵物的人。主謂一致練與析：請用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。1. Three years _ (have) passed since they met last time, and for th

34、em, three years_ (be) really a long time. 2. _ (be) everybody going to take part in the game this afternoon?3. My family _ (be) the largest one in our village. Besides, my family _ (be) all party members.4. The whole class _ (be) now listening to the teacher attentively.5. The news _ (be) very excit

35、ing.6. To learn one or two foreign languages _ (be) very important nowadays.7. The last and most difficult lesson _ (be) Lesson 14.8. I, who _ your friend, will try my best to help you.9. The scientist and engineer _ (have) invented a new machine. 10. Alice，together with her friends，_ (be) punished

36、for having broken the school rules. 11. Every girl and every boy _ (have) the right to join the club. 12. _ (be) either she or you to go and attend the meeting?Neither she nor I_(be).13. Ancient and modern history _ (be) the subjects we are studying.14. Many a scientist _ (have) devoted their lives

37、to science.15. The old _ (be) respected in our country.答案與解析：1. have; is。表示時間、金錢、距離、重量的復數名詞表示單位數量用作主語時，通常看作整體，謂語動詞用單數形式（第二空）; 若強調數目，謂語動詞用復數形式（第一空）。2. Is。不定代詞anyone, anybody, anything, everyone, everybody, everything, someone, somebody, something, nobody, nothing等作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。3. is; are。集體名詞family,

38、 class等作主語時，如果強調整體（第一空），謂語動詞用單數形式；如果強調個體（第二空），則用復數形式。4. are。5. is。某些名詞以-s結尾，表面看是復數形式，實際上是單數概念，如physics, news等，它們作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。6. is。當主語是不定式短語，-ing形式短語或主語從句時，謂語動詞一般用單數形式。7. is。一個單數名詞同時被兩個不同的形容詞修飾，如果表示的是同一概念，謂語動詞一般用單數。該句意為“最后一課十四課是最難的一課?！?8. am。 9. has。兩個名詞或代詞由and連接作主語時，當and不表示并列意義，而連接兩個在意義上表示同一人、物或概

39、念或由兩個部件配成的物品時，謂語動詞用單數。10. was。主語后面接說明主語的修飾語，如用with，along with， as well as, like, rather than, but, except, besides, including等與修飾語連接，謂語動詞不受修飾成分的影響，仍保持同主語一致的關系。11. has。兩個并列的名詞由each，every， no等修飾時，謂語動詞一般用單數。12. Is; am。當用作主語的兩個名詞或代詞由or， either . or, neither . nor或 not only . but also等連接時，謂語通常與鄰近的名詞或代詞保持

40、一致。13. are。一個單數名詞同時被兩個不同的形容詞修飾，表示兩個不同的概念時，謂語動詞一般用復數。14. has?！癿any a + 單數名詞”作主語時，表達的是復數意義，但謂語動詞要用單數。 15. are?！皌he+形容詞 / 過去分詞”表示一類人時，謂語動詞用復數?！镜漕}精講】經典題型例1（2005年北京)He have completed his work，otherwise，he wouldnt be enjoying himself by the seaside.A.shouldB.mustC.wouldntD.cant思路解析otherwise，he wouldnt be

41、enjoying himself by the seaside（否則，他就不會在海邊游玩了）表明他一定完成了自己的工作。要表示“一定做完了某事”要用must have done sth.的結構。should have done表示“本該做的事實際上未做”；cant have done則表示“不可能做了某事”。答案：B黑色陷阱誤選其他項的原因是沒有理解清楚本題的語境。不能推測出“如果他沒完成工作，他是不會去海邊的”，言下之意是“他一定已經完成了工作”。還可能是沒有掌握這幾個情態動詞在用法上的區別。綠色通道解答本類題的關鍵要掌握must have done是表示“肯定做了某事”。平時學習時應該多注

42、意這些情態動詞在用法上的區別，做題時才能胸有成竹。例2（2004年上海)Chinese arts have won the of a lot of people outside China.A.enjoymentB.appreciationC.entertainmentD.reputation思路解析解答本題的關鍵要精確把握題意和四個選項的含義。enjoyment意為“享樂;快樂”；appreciation意為“欣賞”；而entertainment是“娛樂”之意；reputation則意為“聲譽”。結合本題的含義 “中國藝術贏得的是別國人民的欣賞”，可以確定本處應填appreciation。答

43、案：B例3（2004年全國）The scientists are looking the problem with air pollution in the city.A.intoB.forC.afterD.around思路解析解答本題的關鍵要弄清這四個短語的區別。look into意為“調查，研究的原因”，look for意為“尋找”,look after意為“照料某事/某人”,look around意為“環顧四周”。結合題意“科學家們正在調查這個城市的空氣污染問題”可知，此處應用look into。答案：A黑色陷阱本題容易錯選B。look for 指“尋找”，誤以為是尋找問題的原因。但此處

44、并沒有原因出現。句中的problem（問題），是本來就存在的問題，不用再去“尋找”。例4（2005年遼寧)The head office of the bank is in Beijing，but it has all over the country.AaaapaniesB.branchesC.organizationsD.businesses思路解析the head office of the bank意為 “這家銀行的總部”。和總部(head)相對的應是機構的分支（branch）。結合句意“這家銀行總部在北京而它的分部遍及全國”，可知本處應填pany意為“公司”；

45、而organization意為“組織”；business是指“企業”。答案：B綠色通道本題理解的關鍵是“總部在北京，分支遍及全國”。同時要注意名詞在詞義上的區別。還要注意branch，head，bank的一詞多義現象，做題是一定要結合語境來選擇恰當的詞義。例5（2003年上海)Some passengers complain that it usually so long to fill in travel insurance documents.A.costsB.takesC.spendsD.spares思路解析根據so long提示，應選擇“花（時間）”。后面to fill in .用的是

46、動詞不定式的形式，cost，spend都不能與之連用。而take作“花時間”講時的結構是“it takes time to do sth.”，正符合題意。答案：B黑色陷阱A項和C項干擾很大。錯選這兩項都是因為沒有弄清它們的搭配和運用的環境。cost的主語應為“事物”，而不是人；而spend的主語應為“人”，后面應接動名詞或on加名詞的形式。綠色通道了解take，cost，spare和spend 的不同句式結構和含義是解題的關鍵。cost意為“價值為，(使)花費(金錢、時間、勞力等)”,在句子中主語通常是花金錢、時間、勞力等所要得到的東西；而spend所表示的花費則用于 “sb.spend mo

47、ney(time)on sth./in dong sth.”的句型中；take 的常用結構是“It takes sb.some time to do sth.”，意為“做某事花費某人多少時間”；而spare是“節約,節省,分讓”的意思。例6（2001年上海)Mr.Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to some schools for poor children. A.set upB.setting upC.have set upD.having set up思路解析此題題意是“Reed 先生決定把他所擁有的獻給一些學校的貧困孩子”。devo

48、te.to結構中to是介詞，后面用名詞或動名詞。從make up ones mind to do能看出要做的事還沒做，故不能用表示完成概念的C項或D項。答案：B黑色陷阱本題有兩處陷阱。一是誤把devote.to 中的to 看成不定式符號而錯選A項 或C項。二是沒有理解清楚make up ones mind to do sth.指“決定做的事”暗含了“該件事還沒有做”之意，而誤用完成式的C或D選項。綠色通道平時要注意英語中一些常用的to作介詞的短語，如pay attention to，look forward to，lead to，object to 等，這些短語都接名詞和動名詞作賓語。還要掌握

49、動名詞、動詞不定式和動詞過去分詞的完成式都具有完成的意義。例7（2004年重慶)I failed in the final examination last term and only then the importance of studies.A.I realizedB.I had realizedC.had I realizedD.did I realized思路解析then即為failed in the final examination之時，應用一般過去時，排除B、C兩項。only then作狀語置于句首，起強調作用，句子要部分倒裝，排除A項。答案：D綠色通道了解倒裝句式是解此類題的

50、關鍵。何時用倒裝句注意下列歌訣小結：“疑問句，there be;條件句,if 去；強（調）表語，重狀語；引語后，常用起；否定詞，開頭使；only語，往前置；免重復，需代替；要祝愿，為修辭?！崩?（2003年全國) Theres coffee and tea，you can have . Thanks.A.eitherB.eachC.oneD.it思路解析按常理講，別人請你喝點什么，通常是讓你從所提供的飲料中選一種。you can have either意為“你可以任選其一”。如果使用each或one都表示前面只提到同一種物品。如果用it，則表示前面只有一種物品，并且是單數，這和原題是相矛盾的。

51、答案：A志鴻原創題閱讀短文，完成文后的表格：A recent published analysis of a major survey taken of international students in Australia is providing up-to-date data for teachers and marketers of English language training program.About one third of the students questioned were 20 years and under，and almost three quarters w

52、ere 25 and under.Only 8% were aged over 30，and fewer than 3% were over 35.Korean students were in their 20s.Students from Japan were also mostly young，with an average age under 20.Chinese students tended to be older than other nationalities，from 25 to 30.The oldest were from Iran，ranging from 30 to

53、35.Indonesian students were the youngest，with an average age under 19.Information about international students in Australia：NationalityStudents AgeKorea1. Japan202. 2530Iran3. 4. 5. 思路解析圖表顯示，左欄為國籍，右欄為學生的年齡。表格中提到五個國家，左欄已給出3個國家，另外兩個顯然就是中國和印度尼西亞?？崭?可以從原文“Chinese students.，from 25 to 30.”判斷是中國，那么空格4只能填I

54、ndonesia。1空可以從原文“Korean students were in their 20s”推斷出來，空格3可以從原文“The oldest were from Iran，ranging from 30 to 35”得知，而“Indonesian students were the youngest，with an average age under 19”可以給出空格5的答案。答案：1.20302.China3.30354.Indonesia5.19黑色陷阱國籍的表達極易出錯。因為文章中有的地方用了相關的形容詞，如Chinese，Korean，Indonesian，有的地方用國家名

55、詞，如Australia，Japan。根據圖表左欄已有信息的表達方式可以判斷答案中應該用名詞。綠色通道答題時要注意文字信息和符號信息的轉換。如：in their 20s轉化為2030；under 20 轉化為<20；ranging from 30 to 35轉化為 3035。有時題目考查可以反過來進行，如在文章中出現數字信息，考題中要填的是文字信息。只要熟悉這兩種信息的相互轉換，就算考題變幻也難不倒我們了。【考點透析】考點1 She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children. (Warming Up)devote意為“把專用于；把奉獻給；專心致力于”，后常接反身代詞或表示時間、能源、精力等的名詞作賓語，賓語后常接to短語；to為介詞，可后接名詞，代詞或-ing形式。真題1