1、09福建高考英語短文填詞題解題思路名師解析一題型說明共10小題，每小題1分， 滿分10分1.形式：替換試卷中原短文改錯(cuò)題，重點(diǎn)考查單詞拼寫、語言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)、語篇理解能力和語言表達(dá)能力；在考查詞匯的同時(shí)也考查學(xué)生讀與寫的能力?？忌仨氃诶斫舛涛膬?nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上，把握短文主旨大意，運(yùn)用所學(xué)語言知識(shí)填空，使短文語篇完整。2.選材：符合學(xué)生的書面表達(dá)水平，短文詞數(shù)在130左右，共設(shè)10小題，第一行不設(shè)題，其余每行挖空一處設(shè)一題；考查以實(shí)詞為主，兼顧其他詞性。3.提示方式有：首字母提示、漢語提示、語境提示，其中首字母提示、漢語提示各34個(gè)，語境提示23個(gè)。每個(gè)空格根據(jù)提示用一個(gè)單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。4.答案的唯

2、一性：如果出現(xiàn)與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案不同,但符合題目要求的答案也可以接受，具體由閱卷點(diǎn)裁定。每個(gè)空格只能填入一個(gè)答案，超過一個(gè)的，該小題以零二短文填詞題八大考點(diǎn)1、名詞：可數(shù)、不可數(shù)，可數(shù)名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式；特別容易忽略名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)，知道了名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)，有時(shí)特別容易拼錯(cuò)，尤其是一些可數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)的特殊變化，以及動(dòng)名詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換；如：leafleave; mediummedia; adviseadvice, practisepractice; succeedsuccess;2、動(dòng)詞：時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、非謂語及動(dòng)詞形式的不規(guī)則變化；broadcast (broadcast, broadcast) 廣播equip (e

3、quipped, equipping) 裝備注意：quarrel, signal, travel中的l可雙寫（英國英語）也可不雙寫（美國英語）3、形容詞、副詞：形容詞與副詞的區(qū)別（也可能考比較級(jí)及最高級(jí)）；Simplesimply, fishfisherman,possiblepossibly 可能的, practicalpractically 實(shí)際的4、數(shù)詞：主要考序數(shù)詞：容易拼錯(cuò)的序數(shù)詞，如：1.twentytwentieth, 2.ninth第九3. forty四十4. twelfth第十二5. 常見短語的掌握Call on號(hào)召，拜訪（后接sb）/call in召集/ call at拜訪

4、某地; in good health; focus on關(guān)注/ concentrate on 集中注意力6. 常見從句的掌握，定語從句與賓語從句的區(qū)別7. 同義詞的辨析Cloth布料/clothes衣服/clothing衣服總稱, celebrate慶祝/ congratulate祝賀, hungry餓/starve饑餓, disturb打攪/bother打擾8. 形近易混詞的區(qū)分Qulity質(zhì)量/ quantity數(shù)量, similar相似的/familiar熟悉的, adapt適應(yīng)/ adopt收養(yǎng)，改編三學(xué)生普遍存在的二大問題第一：單詞拼寫問題，很多可能知道要填的單詞，但拼寫往往出錯(cuò)；第

5、二：是如何確定所填詞的詞性，有些空確實(shí)特別需要注意的是細(xì)節(jié)的把握：如名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)，和動(dòng)詞形式的變化以及詞性之間的變換。四短文填詞題三大解題策略：關(guān)鍵找搭配信息第一：對(duì)于首字母提示和語境提示的空格如何判斷其意義及詞性，關(guān)鍵看搭配，重點(diǎn)找已知信息。搭配包括：主謂搭配，動(dòng)賓搭配，前置定語（形容詞、動(dòng)詞分詞）+名詞或名詞+后置定語（形容詞，動(dòng)詞分詞，介賓短語或者定語從句），謂語+狀語（副詞），副詞修飾形容詞等等?？崭袂昂蟮囊阎畔⒃~決定著空格詞的詞性；第二：漢語提示題相對(duì)簡單，大部分我們可以根據(jù)漢語提示直接寫出答案。但需特別注意的是有時(shí)題中給出我們的意思能夠理解，但詞性的選擇和單詞的選擇還是需要根據(jù)具

6、體的搭配信息確定。而且中文往往是模糊的，與之相近的意思的單詞或許不止一個(gè)詞。這時(shí)更需要我們根據(jù)文中已知信息來確定。They got lost in the desert and _(挨餓) to death.解析：并列連詞and 連接二謂語動(dòng)詞，前后一致，前面是動(dòng)詞got,則后面也應(yīng)是動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí),故只能填starved, 而不會(huì)是形容詞hungry.Please give my _ (祝賀) when you see her.They' re going to _ （慶祝） their victory with music and dancing.解析：慶祝和祝賀在中文看來是近似的，

7、但在英文中的區(qū)別明顯。Celebrate慶祝，后面接的賓語往往是勝利或是節(jié)日。而祝賀的賓語則是對(duì)個(gè)人成功等的祝賀。本題空格在動(dòng)詞give的后面，故應(yīng)填congratulation. 而68題則應(yīng)是celebrate.The book gives a short _ （描述） of the city.解析：很明顯該處應(yīng)填名詞discription.注意：discribe和discription的詞性轉(zhuǎn)化。She has written many articles for a popular womens m .解析：已知信息必須得找articles, 于是很容易想到magazine.第三：單詞的

8、正確拼寫1. 名詞：名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)的確定主要根據(jù)：1.并列連詞 and, but以及or前后的名詞或代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)，前后往往是一致的；2.根據(jù)主謂一致的原則，關(guān)鍵看謂語動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞的數(shù)。On the morning of April 29,2008,from 10:00 to 11:00,hundredsof millions of students from primary,middle schools and u 76. universitiesall over China joined in a national student sports program.解析：空格名詞的數(shù)，由and前的

9、schools 可以確定。We aim at q_ rather than quantity. 2.quality_解析：A rather than B. 根據(jù)quantity數(shù)量我們很快可以想到以q開頭的quality.Eric came running into the room, out of b .解析：running決定out of breath。但一定注意：breath名詞，breathe動(dòng)詞Nowadays most people use paper _(手帕) . 58. handkerchief解析：此處手帕的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于most people, 注意其復(fù)數(shù)形式：handke

10、rchiefsSpring has come, and the trees are thick with green _ （葉子）.解析： the trees 決定葉子為復(fù)數(shù)：leaves.2.動(dòng)詞:一定要注意動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)，語態(tài)及非謂語形式，這又和考查學(xué)生對(duì)動(dòng)詞ing及ed形式的變換的掌握能力息息相關(guān)。Letting the water run while you brush your teeth w water.解析：注意辨認(rèn)主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)。現(xiàn)在分詞letting the water run做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)wastes。The patient kept c_all night.15.

11、_.解析：根據(jù)patient kept 可確定為：coughing. 注意：keep doingDo you think_(游泳)is allowed in the canal 23._解析：swimmingA fence at the back of the garden_(分開)us from the neighbours.解析：謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)取決于主語a fence. 故為：separatesr_ Mike the moment I saw him . 33._解析：主從時(shí)態(tài)保持一致：由saw得出recognized._ （贏得） the support of the majority r

12、equires time,energy and devotion.解析：由謂語requires可知?jiǎng)用~做主語，winning.They finished （測(cè)量）that piece of land last week.解析：finished measuringThe boy spoke in a very low voice _(承認(rèn)) he had broken the glass.59._解析： 根據(jù)謂語單一原則，得出admitting。注意admit動(dòng)詞形式：admitting/ admitted.The colleges and universities were only for

13、 men. and women were not p _to attend.解析： only for men, women則不為允許，則為permitted.閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)以下提示：1) 漢語提示，2)首字母提示，3)語境提示，在每個(gè)空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)挠⒄Z單詞，并將該詞完整地寫在右邊相對(duì)應(yīng)的橫線上.所填單詞要求意義準(zhǔn)確，拼寫正確。 (1) Fang Tong is 34 years old, an actor, director and teacher of Beijing Opera Theatre. Most of his students are _other parts o

14、f 1. _ China and have come to Beijing at the very young _ of sixteen 2. _or seventeen. He hopes to _(創(chuàng)造) an environment for his students 3. _that is much more relaxing _ the one he used to 4. _study in. He thinks that an _(演員)should relax himself when 5. _performing. Yet his students deeply _（尊重） hi

15、m and he 6. _never needs to raise his voice in order to be h_. 7. _In his o_, actors should go on even when they 8. _feel they have made a m_ in their performances 9. _because the moment is a_ gone and people can never 10. _be back to it. . . So art is always changing and developing.  1.from

16、60;  2.age  3.create  4.than  5. actor  6 .respect  7. heard   8.opinion   9. mistake   10. already (2) I was recently told that listening to loud music is gradually making people hard of hearing. I'm sure it has already h_ 1. _to

17、my neighbor. For years she has turned a _(聾) ear t 2. _my requests to turn her radio_. When she gives 3. _a party she won't have to i­­­­_ the rest of the street 4. _Everyone can d_ to her music in his own room. 5. _ Now a _(科學(xué)家)has discovered a certain electronic

18、 sounds 6_ have strange e_ on rats. He declares they break down, 7._almost paralyzed(癱瘓) w_ their legs trembling. 8. _Then it is simply a matter of _(扔)them out by 9. _their tails. I wonder _the same thing will fall on my neighbor someday. 10. _ 1.happened  2.deaf  3. down  4.invite&#

19、160; 5. dance  6.scientist  7.effects  8.with  9. throwing  10.if/whether(3)Like most of my schoolmates, I have neither brothers norsisters-in other_, I am an only child. My parents 1._ love me dearly of course and will do all they _ to make sure 2._that I get a good_(教育). T

20、hey do not want me to do 3._any work at home; they want me to d_ all my time to 4._my studies so that I'll get good marks in all my _(科目). We 5._may be one family and live_ the same roof, but we do 6._not seem to get much time to talk_(一起). It looks 7._as if my parents t_ me as a visitor or a gu

21、est. 8._Do they really u_ their own daughter 9._What things are in other families, I w_. 10._      1. words   2. can   3. education     4. devote    5. subjects    6. under      &#

22、160;        7. together  8. treat  9. understand   10. wonder.                                &

23、#160;                 (4)      I visited the zoo yesterday, but I was very                     

24、   unhappy and angry about the things that I saw.                        The large animals were in small_(籠子). The lion          &

25、#160;  1. _      was walking _and forth. It was completely                     2. _      bored. The tiger fell _(睡著)all the afternoon. I saw 

26、;        3. _      people _(喂食)the fish. They were throwing                  4. _      rice and meat _the pond, which could &

27、#160;                       5. _      kill the fish, b_no one tried to stop them.              

28、     6. _      When I ha drink at the zoo restaurant,                          7. _      the waiter serve

29、d me_(粗魯). Outside the restaurant,   8. _      the rubbish bins were full and rubbish was      blown everywhere. It seems _the zoo                 

30、60;         9. _      doesn't look a_ the animals or the visitors very well.      10. _      1.cages   2. back  3.asleep  4.feeding  5.into  6.but 

31、;  7.had   8.rudely        9.that  10.after                                   &#

32、160;                              (5)      When I found out that my train would be three hours      

33、            late, I changed my idea and would take a bus _(代替).                  1._      I was about to rush out of the train station _a &#

34、160;                           2._      well-dressed old man took me _the arm, "Young          

35、                 3._      lady," said the gentleman, "Shouldn't you f_ out                            4._      the bus_(時(shí)刻表) before you rush out to catch the