1、精選優質文檔-傾情為你奉上在從前的農業社會里，中國人最重要的節日就是過年。對過去的一年來說，這是結束；對未來的一年來說，這是開始。一進入臘月，街頭巷尾就充滿了過年的氣氛，這種氣氛要持續一個半月之久。大家通過各種游樂節目來調劑一年來的辛勞，在游樂中流露著一種樂觀進取的精神。過年時，每家門上都貼上了春聯，耀眼的紅紙給人們帶來了喜氣，優美的字句提供了勉勵。In previous/former agricultural society, the Spring Festival was the most important holiday in China. It is the end of the p

2、ast year and the beginning of the next. As soon as the twelfth month of the lunar year begins, streets are filled with an atmosphere of celebrating the Spring Festival for a month and a half. People relax and get rid of the past years hard work by a variety of entertainment with a sense of optimism

3、and enterprise. During the holiday, Spring Festival couplets are put on the door of every household. The shining red paper brings happiness to people, and the elegant/graceful words offers encouragement. 上海是一座朝氣蓬勃、充滿活力、多姿多彩的國際化大都市。改革開放以來，上海變化之大令世人矚目。經濟高速發展、社會秩序穩定、人們安居樂業，呈現出一片繁華景象。今天，盡管上海色彩斑斕的過去還值得留戀

4、和回味，但城市日新月異的面貌卻使越來越多的人折服。浦西展示了上海的輝煌歲月，浦東則展現了上海的美好前景。上海就像一輪紅日，光芒四射，鮮艷奪目。Shanghai is a dynamic, vigorous and diversified international metropolis. Since the reform and opening-up to the outside world, Shanghai has witnessed tremendous changes that attract worldwide attention. With rapid economic devel

5、opment, stable social order as well as peaceful and contented life and work of its people, Shanghai presents a scene of great prosperity. Today, though Shanghais glorious past is still worth remembering and savoring, its ever-changing image has filled more and more people with admiration. Puxi repre

6、sents Shanghais splendid past, while Pudong unfolds its bright future. Like a rising sun, Shanghai is shining strikingly with great brilliance. 古時候的讀書人，閑暇時間以琴棋書畫自娛自樂。在中國人看來，藝術品的好壞反映了作者人格的高低。因此，彈琴、下棋、書法和繪畫，都代表了一個人的修養。彈琴不是要做音樂家，而是進入一個遼闊的世界，凈化自己的心靈。下棋不是為了勝負，而是磨練耐性，使人目光眼大。書法不僅要把字寫得漂亮，也是為了陶冶情操。繪畫則是通過簡單的線

7、條，展現自己想象的世界。 In ancient times, scholars enjoyed themselves by music, chess, calligraphy and painting at their leisure/in their spare time. In the eyes of Chinese people, the quality of artwork is a reflection of the character of its creator. Therefore, playing music, playing chess, practicing callig

8、raphy and painting show ones culture. By playing music, one does not aim to be a musician but to broaden his horizons and purify his soul. By playing chess, one does not aim to win but to test his patience and sharpen his foresight. By practicing calligraphy, one aims not only to write beautifully b

9、ut also to cultivate his mind. By painting, one creates his imaginary world with simple lines. 春節是中國最盛大的傳統節日，也叫“過年”。除夕夜里，全家人聚在一起吃豐盛的團圓飯，包餃子、放鞭炮、貼春聯、看春晚迎接新的一年到來。大年初一早上，孩子們穿著新衣服，跟著父母去拜年。長輩們往往發給孩子們一些壓歲錢，祝福他們又長了一歲。春節是一個家人團聚的日子，離家在外的孩子都要回家。一家老少歡聚團圓，共享天倫之樂。 Spring Festival, also called “Celebrating Lunar

10、New Year”, is the grandest traditional festival in China. On the eve of Spring Festival, the whole family gather together to have a wonderful family reunion dinner, making dumplings, setting off firecrackers , putting up Spring Festival couplets and watching Spring Festival Gala to celebrate the com

11、ing of the new year. On the first morning of Spring Festival, children, in their new clothes, follow their parents to pay New Years visits. Elders often give children some “gift money”, blessing them as they are a year older. Spring Festival is a period for family members to reunite when grown child

12、ren away from home all return home. All family members, old and young, gather together to enjoy the happiness of the family reunion. 今天，中國的剪紙主要用于裝飾。在中國人看來，貼在門上的紅色剪紙能夠給全家帶來吉祥幸福。在中國的傳統節日里，尤其是春節期間，剪紙尤為常見。剪紙可以作為禮物送給親朋好友。在中國的傳統文化里，剪紙可以反映出生活中的各個方面，如吉祥如意、健康長壽和五谷豐登。春節期間，“福”字經常倒貼在門上，表達人們對“福到”的祝福。 Today, Chin

13、ese paper-cut is mainly used for decoration. In the eyes of Chinese people, red paper-cut pasted on doors can bring prosperity and happiness to the whole family. During traditional Chinese festivals, especially Spring Festival, paper-cut is more often seen. Paper-cut can be presented to friends and

14、relatives as a gift. In traditional Chinese culture, paper-cut can reflect various aspects of life, such as prosperity, health, longevity and harvest. During Spring Festival, the Chinese character fu, which means happiness, is pasted upside down on doors to express wishes for happiness. 中華文明歷來注重社會和諧

15、，強調團結互助。中國人早就提出了“和為貴”的思想，追求天人和諧、人際和諧和身心和諧。今天，中國要構建和諧社會，就是要建設一個民主法治、公平正義、誠信友愛、充滿活力、安定有序、人與自然和諧相處的社會，實現物質和精神、民主和法治、公平和效率、活力和秩序的統一。中國人民把民族團結作為自己的職責，把國家主權和領土完整作為自己至高無上的使命。 Chinese civilization has always attached great importance to social harmony, unity and mutual assistance. Chinese people, who propos

16、ed the idea of “harmony as the most precious” in the early days, strive for harmony between man and nature, among people and between mans body and soul. Today, it is a harmonious society of democracy and rule of law, fairness and justice, honesty and fraternity, vitality and stability, order and har

17、mony between man and nature that China is trying to build , which achieves unity between material and culture, democracy and rule of law, fairness and efficiency as well as vitality and order. Chinese people regard ethnical unity as their responsibility and national sovereignty and territorial integ

18、rity as their supreme mission. 正月十五元宵節是中華民族的傳統節日，也是春節之后的第一個重要節日，象征著和睦團圓。這是一年中第一個月圓之夜，標志著大地回春。按照中國民俗，在這皓月當空的夜晚，人們要點起彩燈萬盞以示慶賀。中國幅員遼闊、歷史悠久，元宵節的習俗全國各地也不盡相同。其中，吃元宵、賞花燈和猜燈謎是元宵節最重要的民間習俗。 The Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first lunar month is a traditional festival of the Chinese nation, also the

19、first major one after the Spring Festival, symbolizing harmony and unity. It is the first full moon night of the lunar year, marking the return of spring. According to the Chinese folk custom, people light thousands of colorful lanterns on this moon-lit night to celebrate the festival. Because of it

20、s vast territory and long history, customs of the Lantern Festival vary in different areas across the country, among which eating yuanxiao (sweet sticky rice dumplings), appreciating lanterns and guessing lantern riddles are the most important folk customs. 中國傳統文化博大精深、源遠流長。早在兩千多年前，就產生了以孔孟為代表的儒家學說和以老

21、莊為代表的道家學說。從孔夫子到孫中山，中國傳統文化有很多珍貴的思想。比如，強調仁愛、強調集體利益、強調天下為公，特別是強調吃苦耐勞、尊師重教的傳統美德。所有這些，都對家庭、社會和國家起到了巨大的維系和調節作用。 Traditional Chinese culture, extensive and profound, enjoys a long history. As early as 2000 years ago, there emerged Confucianism founded by Confucius and Mencius, and Taoism founded by Lao Tzu

22、 and Chuang Tzu. From Confucius to Sun Yat-sen, traditional Chinese culture presents many precious ideas. For example, it stresses kindness and love, the interests of the community, the idea of Justice for All in the World, and especially the traditional virtues such as diligence and endurance, resp

23、ecting teachers and valuing education. All these have played a great role in binding and regulating families, the society and the country. 中國教育改革的當務之急是要改進現有課程設置和考試辦法，不要讓孩子只知道死讀書。教育改革的關鍵在于使全社會認識到中、小學教育的目的不只是讓學生掌握必要的知識，更應該提高學生整體素質，特別是讓他們對人生意義和社會責任這些根本性的問題要有比較深入的思考。學校要選擇合適的方式引導學生形成正確的世界觀。如果學校只強調知識教育而忽視

24、了人生課程的引導，那么培養出來的只是一批文字或者數字機器。The top priority in the reform of the education system should be given to the improvement in the curriculum and testing system so that the future generation will not study mechanically. The key to the reform of the education lies in arousing social awareness that primary

25、 and secondary education should aim not only to offer basic knowledge to students but also to improve their overall quality, especially to inspire them to ponder over some fundamental issues like the meaning of life and social responsibility. Schools should guide students in an appropriate way so th

26、at they can form a proper world view. If schools put undue emphasis on imparting knowledge while neglect the guidance on students life, they will produce nothing but machines only capable of memorizing words and numbers. 科教興國戰略是我國的一項基本國策。科技進步是經濟發展的決定性因素，發展教育又是科技進步的基礎。全球范圍內日趨激烈的經濟競爭，歸根結底是科技和人才的競爭。科教工

27、作的根本任務是提高全民族的思想道德素質、科學文化素質和創新能力。大力發展教育和科技事業是我國現代化事業進一步發展的需要，同時也是適應世界科技革命和全球經濟競爭的需要。The strategy of developing the country by relying on science and education is one of Chinas basic state policies. Scientific and technological progress is a decisive factor in economic development, and educational development is the foundation of scientific and technological progress. The increasingly fierce economic competition across the world is, in the final analysis, the competition in science and technology and the competition for talents. T