1、畢 業 設 計題 目： 交流接觸器的計算機輔助工藝規程設計院系： 電氣信息學院 專業：電氣工程及其自動化 班級： 學號學生姓名：導師姓名：完成日期：誠 信 聲 明本人聲明：1、本人所呈交的畢業設計（論文）是在老師指導下進行的研究工作及取得的研究成果；2、據查證，除了文中特別加以標注和致謝的地方外，畢業設計（論文）中不包含其他人已經公開發表過的研究成果，也不包含為獲得其他教育機構的學位而使用過的材料；3、我承諾，本人提交的畢業設計（論文）中的所有內容均真實、可信。作者簽名： 日期： 年 月 日畢業設計（論文）任務書題目： 交流接觸器的計算機輔助工藝規程設計 姓名 院系 電氣信息學院 專業 電氣工

2、程及其自動化 班級 學號指導老師 職稱 講師 教研室主任一、 基本任務及要求：1電器制造系統計算機自動化概論；2零部件信息描述和分類編碼；3交流接觸器CAPP。二、 進度安排及完成時間：1、 第一周至第三周：明確課題任務及要求，搜集課題所需資料，掌握資料查閱方法，了解本課題研究現狀、存在問題及研究的實際意義。2、 第三周：查閱相關資料，自學相關內容，確定課題總體方案，分配課題任務， 確定個人研究重點，做好選題報告。3、 第四周至第五周：根據自己研究的方向，確定自己的總體設計方案，根據對象特性進行各種控制方法的研究，并設計硬件總體模塊圖及軟件模塊圖。4、第六周至第十二周：完成系統的控制方法研究，

3、軟、硬件設計。5、第十三周至第十四周：系統仿真及調試。6、第十五周至第十六周：整理資料，完成畢業論文編寫，進行畢業答辯。目 錄摘 要： ······································

4、3;·················································

5、3;············································ I Abstract： ···

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8、83;························· II 第1章 緒 論 ······················

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10、83;················································· 1

11、1.1 交流接觸器的用途、工作原理及分類 ··············································

12、83;····························· 1 1.2 交流接觸器的主要技術參數 ·················&

13、#183;·················································&

14、#183;························ 1 1.3 設計的主要技術指標 ······················&#

15、183;·················································&#

16、183;······························· 3 1.4 交流接觸器的設計要求與典型結構 ··············

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18、83;··············· 4 1.4.1 設計要求 ································&

19、#183;·················································&

20、#183;····································· 4 1.4.2 典型結構 ··········

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23、;·········· 4 1.4.3總體結構方案確定 ·····································

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25、·················· 4 第2章 電器制造系統計算機自動化概論 ····························&#

26、183;··············································· 6 2.1 概述 

27、3;·················································

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29、3;······························· 6 2.2 大批量生產的自動化 ················

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31、;······································ 6 2.3 多品種小批量的自動化 ·········

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33、;········································· 7 2.3.1 成組技術 ······

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36、83;············· 7 2.3.2 數字控制 ··································&

37、#183;·················································&

38、#183;··································· 7 2.3.3 自適應控制 ···········

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41、3;···· 8 2.3.4 柔性制造系統 ···········································

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43、··················· 8 2.3.5 計算機輔助制造 ····························&

44、#183;·················································&

45、#183;····························· 8 2.3.6 計算機集成制造系統 ·················

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47、································· 8 第3章 零部件信息描述和分類編碼 ·············

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49、3;···················· 10 3.1 概述 ····························

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52、;·· 10 3.2 零件分類編碼系統的結構 ············································

53、83;················································· 10

54、 3.2.1 樹式結構 ················································

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56、···················· 11 3.2.2 鏈式結構 ···························

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58、83;········································ 11 3.2.3 混合式結構 ·······

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61、;······· 12 3.3 幾個常見的分類編碼系統 ·······································

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63、83;···· 13 3.3.1 OPITZ系統 ··········································

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65、83;······················ 13 3.3.2 KK-3系統 ························

66、3;·················································

67、3;········································ 13 3.3.3 JLBM-1系統 ······

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70、83;···· 15 3.3.4 沖壓件的OPITZ系統 ··········································

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72、;······ 15 3.3.5 CYBM沖壓零件分類編碼系統 ·······································

73、3;············································· 15 3.4 零件表面元素描述法 ·

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76、3; 153.5 從CAD系統提取零件輸入信息 ··············································

77、········································ 16 第4章 交流接觸器CAPP ·······

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79、·············································· 17 4.1 概述 ··&

80、#183;·················································&

81、#183;·················································&

82、#183;··························· 17 4.2 CAPP的系統功能 ···················&

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84、#183;······································· 17 4.3 CAPP系統的分類 ·······&

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87、#183;· 18 4.3.1 檢索式CAPP系統 ·············································

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89、;········· 18 4.3.2 派生式CAPP系統 ·····································

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91、83;················ 18 4.3.3 創成式CAPP系統 ······························&

92、#183;·················································&

93、#183;······················· 18 4.3.4 半創成式CAPP系統 ······················

94、3;·················································

95、3;··························· 19 4.3.5 廣義CAPP系統 ···················

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97、83;······································ 19 4.4 交流接觸器的CAPP系統設計 ·······

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99、3;······························ 19 4.5 模塊功能介紹 ·················&

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101、#183;··············································· 20 4.5.1 工藝數

102、據庫系統 ·················································&

103、#183;·················································&

104、#183;······ 20 4.5.2 方案代號編制規則 ········································

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106、············ 21 4.5.3 工藝文件檢索編輯系統 ··································

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108、83;········· 22 4.5.4 工藝文件輸出系統-報表 ·····································

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110、;· 23 4.5.5 工藝文件維護系統 ·············································

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112、3;······ 23 4.5.6 資源數據庫檢索系統 ········································&#

113、183;·················································&#

114、183;······· 24 4.5.7 資源數據庫檢索系統 ·······································

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116、········· 24 4.5.8 用戶管理系統 ······································&

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118、#183;····················· 24 4.5.9 主菜單系統 ·························

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120、83;······································ 25 4.6 交流接觸器CAPP系統的基本模塊及其系統的基礎 ······&

121、#183;··········································· 25 4.6.1 交流接觸器CAPP系統的基本模塊 ·

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123、3;······················ 25 4.6.2 交流接觸器CAPP系統的基礎 ·······················

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125、83;·········· 26 4.7 交流接觸器的派生式CAPP系統 ···································

126、83;·············································· 27 4.8 交流接觸器CAPP系統的設

127、計步驟 ·················································&#

128、183;···························· 29 4.9 交流接觸器的選擇和接法 ··················

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130、························ 30 4.9.1 交流接觸器的選擇 ·······················

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132、;··························· 30 4.9.2 交流接觸器的接法 ···················

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134、3;······························ 31 結 束 語 ··················

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137、············ 32 參 考 文 獻 ····································

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139、······································ 33 致 謝 ··········

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141、3;····································· 錯誤！未定義書簽。學院畢業設計論文交流接觸器的計算機輔助工藝規程設計摘 要：交流接觸器作為低壓電器的主要產品，它的結構先進壽命與可靠性的提高，既影響企

142、業生產的競爭能力，又影響國家經濟建設。CJ20型交流接觸器主要用于交流50Hz（60Hz）、額定電壓至660V（個別等級能至1140V）、電流至630A的電力線路中供遠距離頻繁接通和分斷電路以及頻繁起動和控制交流電動機，并適宜與熱繼電器或電子保護裝置組成電磁起動器，以保護電路或交流電動機可能發生的過負荷及斷相。CJ20交流接觸器為直動式，雙斷點，立體布置，結構簡單緊湊，外形安裝腔尺寸較老產品大大縮小。CAPP是計算機輔助工藝過程設計（Computer Aided Process Planning）的簡稱，是利用計算機技術輔助工藝人員設計零件從毛坯到成品的制造方法，是將企業產品設計數據轉換為產品

143、制造數據的一種技術。本次工藝設計包括線圈結構分析，工藝設計，質量檢驗方法及設備；磁軛結構分析，工藝設計，質量檢驗方法及設備；橋形觸頭組件的結構分析，連接工藝質量檢驗方法及設備；成型參數的確定、觸頭支持工藝分析、彈簧持工藝設計、設計彈簧支持彎曲模。關鍵詞：接觸器、工藝、結構、零件、CAPPI學院畢業設計論文Exchanges and contacts with the computer-aided design ofa point of orderAbstract：As for the exchanges and contacts with the main low-voltage electr

144、ical products, its structure and reliability of advanced life enhancing, not only affects the competitiveness of manufacturing enterprises and affect national economic construction. CJ20 of exchanges and contacts with key for the exchange of 50 Hz (60Hz), the rated voltage to 660 V (individual grade

145、s can to 1140 V), to 630 A current of electricity lines for frequent long-distance access and breaking circuit and the frequent exchange of starter motors and control And appropriate and thermal protection relay or an electronic device composed of electromagnetic starter, to protect the electrical c

146、ircuit or exchange may occur overload and break phase. CJ20 exchanges and contacts with the straight-and double-break point, three-dimensional layout, a simple compact structure, shape install cavity size much smaller than the old products. CAPP process is computer-aided design (Computer Aided Proce

147、ss Planning) of the acronym, is using computer-aided design of parts from the rough to the finished product manufacturing methods, is the product design data into a product manufacturing data technologies.The design process including the coil structure, process design, quality testing methods and eq

148、uipment; magnetic yoke structural analysis, process design, quality testing methods and equipment; contact components of the bridge-shaped structure, connecting the quality of tests and equipment; Forming the parameters established, contact support process analysis, design of a spring, spring to sup

149、port the design bending die.Keywords：Contactor 、Technology 、 Frame、 Parts、CAPPII交流接觸器的計算機輔助工藝規程設計第1章 緒 論1.1 交流接觸器的用途、工作原理及分類交流接觸器是一種適用于遠距離頻繁地接通和分斷交流主電路及大容量控制電路的電器。它主要用作控制交流感應電動機的起動、停止、反轉、調速，并與熱繼電器或其它適當的保護裝置組合，保護電動機可能發生的過載或斷相，也可用于控制其它電力負載如電熱器、電照明、電焊機、電容器組等。交流接觸器的主要組成部分1包括：觸頭滅弧系統、電磁系統、支架和外殼等。它的工作原理是：當

150、吸引線圈通電后，電磁系統即可把電能轉換為機械能，所產生的電磁吸力克服反作用彈簧與觸頭彈簧的反作用力，使鐵心吸合，并帶動觸頭支架移動，動、靜觸頭接觸閉合，從而完成接通主電路的操作。當吸引線圈斷電或者電壓顯著下降時，由于電磁吸力消失或過小，銜鐵與動觸頭則在彈簧反作用力下斷開，觸頭打開時產生電弧，電弧在回路電動力的驅動下迅速移動，并在滅弧室內冷卻去游離熄滅，最后分斷電路。交流接觸器用途廣泛，品種繁多，按其結構和用途分類：按主觸頭級數分為單極、雙極、三極和多極；按主觸頭的正常(即勵磁線圈無電時)位置分為常分式和常合式；按吸引線圈種類分為交流勵磁和直流勵磁；按滅弧介質分為空氣式和真空式；按有無滅弧室分為

151、有滅弧室和無滅弧室。1.2 交流接觸器的主要技術參數（1）額定絕緣電壓、額定工作電壓及額定工作電流額定絕緣電壓即規定交流接觸器工作電壓的最大值；交流接觸器主觸頭的額定工作電壓有：220、380、660、1140V；輔助觸頭額定工作電壓有：交流380V、直流220V；（2）額定工作制間斷長期工作制(8h工作制)：此工作制為基本工作制，接觸器的約定發熱電流Ith由這種工作制確定。不間斷工作制：在這種工作制下，接觸器的主觸頭保持閉合，并承載一穩定電流超過8h(如幾星期、幾個月甚至幾年)也不分斷。斷續周期工作制：斷續周期工作制的操作頻率和通電持續率由產品標準規定。 短時工作制：短時工作制的標準值觸頭通

152、電時間分為10、30、60與90min。（3）操作頻率1交流接觸器的計算機輔助工藝規程設計指每小時允許的操作次數。交流接觸器的操作頻率一般為3001200次/時。操作頻率直接影響到接觸器的電壽命及滅弧室的工作條件，對于交流接觸器還影響線圈的溫升，所以是一個重要的技術指標。（4）使用類別、接通分斷能力按接通分斷能力來區分使用類別，接觸器的接通和分斷能力隨著用途和控制對象的不同有很大的差異，它時正確設計和選用接觸器的主要依據，按IEC60947.4.1-1990、GB14048.4-1993接觸器標準規定：交流接觸器可劃分為AC-1、AC-2、AC-3、AC-4等四種使用類別，不同使用類別的接通與

153、分斷能力的接通和分斷條件1見表1.1.表1.1 不同使用類別的接通與分斷能力的接通和分斷條件注 Ie額定工作電流 U接通前電壓Ue額定工作電壓 Ur恢復電壓 I接通電流 Ie分斷電流 （5）機械壽命、電壽命交流接觸器是一種頻繁操作的電器，自動控制系統不僅要求它有很高的操作頻率，而且要求它有與之相適應的較高的機械壽命和電壽命，以提高系統運行的可靠性。交流接觸器的機械壽命一般為1000萬次，小容量交流接觸器的機械壽命可高達3000萬次，交流接觸器的電壽命隨使用類別不同而不同，IEC60947.4.1-1990和GB14048.4-1993規定各使用類別電壽命試驗的接通和斷開條件1見表1.2。2交流

154、接觸器的計算機輔助工藝規程設計表1.2 不同使用類別下驗證電壽命的接通和分斷條件注 Ie額定工作電流 U接通前電壓Ue額定工作電壓 Ur恢復電壓 I接通電流 Ie分斷電流1.3 設計的主要技術指標(1) 額定絕緣電壓(最高額定工作電壓)Ui:690V (2) 額定工作電壓Ue:380V(3) 額定工作電流(使用類別AC-3)Ie:100A (4) 約定發熱電流Ith:125A(5) 額定控制電源電壓（即線圈電壓）US:220V、50Hz (6) 使用類別:AC-3(7) 周圍空氣溫度:-40oC+40 oC (8) 工作制:長期工作制(9) 壽命:機械壽命1000萬次，電壽命300萬次 (10

155、) 操作頻率:AC-3 1200次/h (11) 輔助觸頭約定發熱電流:10A(12) 輔助觸頭額定工作電壓、電流:230V、10A3交流接觸器的計算機輔助工藝規程設計1.4 交流接觸器的設計要求與典型結構1.4.1 設計要求（1）滅弧性能好，分斷電流時燃弧時間短，過電壓低，噴弧距離小。（2）觸頭材料具有良好的導電、導熱性能、耐腐蝕、抗熔焊性能好，以降低觸頭的溫升和提高電壽命，同時要求觸頭材料的工藝性好，價格低廉。（3）結構設計合理，機構壽命高，并具有足夠的承受短時耐受電流的能力。1.4.2 典型結構在確定交流接觸器的結構之前，需要先了解交流接觸器的幾種典型結構型式1:（1）杠桿傳動單斷點形式

156、 它是一種條架式結構,基本元件組裝在條架上，銜鐵在閉合過程中通過連接的支架使轉軸旋轉，而動觸頭系統也組裝在轉軸上，因此帶動動觸頭閉合。觸頭為單斷點指形觸頭，設計為在閉合過程中有滾動與滑動的運動方式，用以消除觸頭表面的氧化層。滅弧裝置設計為串聯磁吹線圈，并配合用多縱縫滅弧室，它有強烈的滅弧作用，電弧的游離氣體易于擴散，熱量易于散出，適用于高操作頻率。（2）杠桿轉動雙斷點形式 以轉動式磁系統為例，銜鐵在吸合過程中，通過支架是軸轉動，軸帶動杠桿使觸頭系統作直線運動，動、靜觸頭閉合。線圈斷電后，在反力彈簧的作用下，銜鐵打開到停檔限制的位置，同時主觸頭分斷。輔助觸頭借助于杠桿的轉動實現轉換。滅弧裝置為多

157、縱縫滅弧室。（3）雙斷點直動式形式。磁系統通過支架直接帶動觸頭作直線運動。線圈通電后，銜鐵吸向鐵心，銜鐵帶動支架使動、靜觸頭閉合，支架同時帶動置于兩側的輔助觸頭動作。線圈斷電后，在反作用彈簧的作用下，銜鐵被釋放，同時使觸頭之間分斷。觸頭接通和分斷時產生的電弧，用裝有滅弧柵片的滅弧室熄滅。1.4.3總體結構方案確定在給定的技術指標的基礎下，初步確定40A三極交流接觸器采用雙斷點橋式觸頭，直動式磁系統，各零件均安裝在塑料外殼和鋁合金底座上的整體式結構。輔助觸頭、主觸頭、電磁系統兩層立體布置，結構緊湊，縮小安裝面積。接觸器的外殼由兩段組成，上段為熱固性塑料壓制的軀殼和耐高溫的絕緣材料制成的外殼，外殼

158、內安裝三個雙向可4交流接觸器的計算機輔助工藝規程設計控硅及控制電路。主觸頭設計成三腔可簡化模具結構，并可滿足控制三相四線制電路及派生中間繼電器的需要。輔助觸頭組件采用卡裝式結構，配備二常開和二常閉觸頭。下段為冷沖壓成形的鋁合金底座，固定電磁系統和緩沖裝置，底部有卡軌安裝用的鎖扣，可裝于帽形標準安裝軌上，安裝拆卸十分方便。觸頭接線端子采用帶瓦形墊圈的不落自升式組合螺釘，接線方便，使用安全。交流接觸器結構原理圖如圖1.1所示：圖1.1 交流接觸器結構原理圖5交流接觸器的計算機輔助工藝規程設計第2章 電器制造系統計算機自動化概論2.1 概述電器制造工業是機械制造工業的重要組成部分。它不僅提供人民生活

159、所必須的產品，而且為國民經濟各部門提供大量的電器技術裝備。機械制造系統是實現對零件的機械加工、直接改變材料或毛坯的形狀、尺寸和性能，成為零件、部件活產品。同時，要求達到一定的質量（精度、表面質量和物理性能）、生產率和成本的要求。機電制造企業為了在激烈的市場競爭中具有強大的生命力，必須從多方面著收，提高產品質量降低產品成本，減輕工人勞動強度，提高勞動生產率，并不斷開發新產品，加速老產品的更新換代。這樣，促使企業一方面加強新產品的研制，另一方面必須對機電制造系統進行技術改造，使其盡快適應市場的需要。系統的革新的改造，主要從制造工藝、更新設備、裝備自動化、系統控制以及組織管理現代化等方面著手進行，而采用自動化制造系統是最有效的方法之一。機電制造系統自動化可分為大批量生產的自動化和多品種小批量生產的自動化兩大類。由于品種和批量的不同，所采取的控制和自動化手段也不盡相同。2.2 大批量生產的自動化