1、必修 1 Module 4 A Social Survey-My Neighbourhood1. survey n. vt.調查；審視，仔細考慮歸納擴展make/ do/ carry out/ con duct a survey （of） Surveys show/ suggest/ in dicate/ find/ reveal that-2. read about讀關于的文章；獲悉歸納擴展read 讀read about/of讀關于的文早；獲悉know知道know about/of了解learn知道lear n about/of了解tell告訴tell about/of講述3. in th

2、e south在范圍之內to the south兩個相互獨立的地方on the south接壤4. sixteen-year-old Zhang Huaa five-storey apartme ntMany students signed up for the 800-metre-long race in the sports meeti ng to be held n ext week.5. be made of歸納擴展be made frombe made into 被制成（產品）be made by刪造商be made in + 產地be made up of由 構成6. compar

3、e vt. 比較 comparison n.比較，比喻歸納擴展compare A with B.compare A to B.把 A 比作 B.beyond/ past/ without compare/ comparison無與倫比 make a comparis on betwee n A and B.in/ by comparis on 比較起來in comparison with 與相比較In comparison with the States, the U.K. is tiny.考點compare的非謂語在句中作狀語：Comparing this book with that on

4、e, you'll find this one is more in teresti ng.Compared with that book, this book is more in terest ing.7. It has been six years since we last saw each other.歸納擴展（1）It is/ has been廠段時間 + since+ （短暫性動作）自從以來有多久了”It is/has been +段時間+since+ （延續性動作）自從不至今已經多久了 ”It is/ has bee n 3 years since my elder b

5、rother joined the army.我哥哥參軍已3年了。It is/has bee n 3 years since my father smoked.我爸爸已經戒煙（不抽煙）3年了。It was + 一段時間+ before過了一段時間就發生了 It was not half a year before they married.（3）It will be + 一段時間+ before 要過多久才能發生 It will be ano ther week before he returns.（4）It is/ was +時間點+ when 當時已是時候了It was 8 o'c

6、lock whe n I went back home last ni ght.（5） It is/ was + prep. + 時間點 + that （強調句）It is at 8 o'clock that I went back home last ni ght. It was notun til +時間點 + that直到才（強調句）It was not un til 10 o'clock that he returned. It is/ was in +時間段 + that （強調句）It was in ten years that he found his lost

7、child.（完成時用since,將來時用before,強調句用that）8. This is the first timeI ve visited your hometown.歸納擴展（1）It/ This/ That is/ was the first/ secondtime （次數）/ year/ day that + （現在 過去）完成時（2）It ' （high） time to do sth.（早）該做 （3）It ' （high） time that + Subject + 過去時 （早）該做 It 'the sec ond time that Joh n

8、 has held an art exhibit on.It was the third time that the boy had been late.It is high time that we took immediate action to solve the problem. （2009 遼寧卷）It 'the first time that he has bee n to Australia, _C_? A. isn 'theB. has n'theC. is n'titD. hasn'tit9. the only/ best/ very

9、one of the +_）C復數 + 定語從句 + V.第三 人稱單數He is one of the workers that/ whohave received the prize.He is the only one of the workers that/ whohas received the prize.10. attractive adj.有魅力的；吸引人的，引人注意的=appealingI must admit I ve never found him particularly attractive.歸納擴展attract one's atte nti onattra

10、ction n. C吸引人的人或物U吸引，吸引力have an/ no/ a little/ much atte nti on to sb.對某人有 / 沒有 / 有一點 / 非 常有吸引力11. have been to去過（現在不在那個地方）have gone to去了（現在不在說話現場） have been in在某地（現在還在那個地方）12. fortunate a. be fortunate to do/ （in） doing sth. fortunately adv.unfortunate a.fortune n.I was fortun ate to have/ i n hav

11、ing a good mother.You're fortun ate that you've still got a job.It was fortun ate that n obody was hurt in the accide nt.13. What' the climate like?詢問某人或某事的狀況、特點的句式：What be + S + like? What do you think of ?How be + S?How do you like/find ?What are the Gree ns like?格林一家為人怎么樣？廣 What do yo

12、u think of the film? 你認為這部電影怎么樣？ y How do you like the film?-How do you find the film?14.感官系動詞vt.sightlooksee/ look athearingsoundhear/ listen tosmellsmellsmelltastetastetastetouchfeelfeel15. bothervt.打擾；麻煩U不便，麻煩；C引起麻煩或不便的人或事I'm very sorry to have bothered you with some many questions on such an

13、 occasi on.歸納擴展bother sb. with sth.拿來打擾某人Don 'bother me with stupid questi ons.bother about/ with sth.為而煩惱；為 而費心It snot worth bothering with an umbrella-the cars just outside. bother to do sth.特意做 She didn'teve n bother to hide her an ger.她甚至不屑掩飾她的憤怒。bother that- 困擾Does it bother you that sh

14、e earns more tha n you?have no/ much/ little bother （in） doing做毫不費力/很費力/幾乎 不費力16. put up舉起，建造；張貼；忍受；（為）提供食宿；They are putting up several new office blocks in the centre of town.A no tice was put up in order to rem ind the stude nts of the cha nged lecture time. （2009 陜西高考）They agreed to put two forei

15、g n stude nts up over the summer.I am not going to put up with their smok ing any Ion ger.易混詞（組）辨析例句put up建造，搭建”指高于地面以上 的建筑物。They put up a tent n ear the river.set up建立，成立”,（+組織、機構、團體）=fou ndHe set up a new compa ny last mon th.build建造，建設，建立”常指建造 大的東西，可接具體或抽象n.You should build a better future.found

16、founded founded建立/成立”（+組織、機構等）,意義同set up但found更強調打基礎The country was founded in 1890.歸納擴展put back把放回原處；推遲，延遲；耽誤，減慢put dow n 寫下，記下put forward提出（意見、建議），推薦，提名put on 上映，穿上，戴上put out熄滅，撲滅；生產；出版put in插話；安裝put up with忍受，忍耐put forth提出（意見、計劃等）put aside儲存，留出；放下（手中工作）（去做別的事）；忘記，不 考慮，拋棄I 'e a little sum of m

17、oney put aside for a rainy day.我存了一筆不小的錢以備不時只需。She put aside her n eedlework whe n he teleph one rang 放下針線活Let us put aside our differe nces.讓我們 拋開 分歧。put through接通電話Could you put me through to the man ager?put away存（錢），儲存；把放好She put her clothes away in the dresser.put off延遲，推遲；敷衍，把 搪塞過去；使改變主意，阻止； 消

18、除，擺脫；脫掉；使分心，使心亂，使苦惱；使反感，使泄氣， 使對失去興趣；（車、船?？浚┳?下車（或下船）Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.推遲I won 'be put off with such flimsy excuses.我不會被這樣站不住腳的借口 敷衍過去。Noth ing would put her off once she had made up her mind.她一旦做出決定就什么也 阻擋不了她。You must put off your doubts and fears.你必須打消疑慮。He was t

19、rying to write, but the continuous noise outside his window put him off.他想寫東西，可窗外不斷的喧鬧聲使他定不下心來。He put off the heavy coat he was weari ng.脫掉The cheese looked nice but the smep ut me off. 討厭The accidentput him off driving.這次事故后他不想駕車了。 Pleaseput me off at the station. 請讓我在車站下車。仃.approach v.接近，臨近；靠近；探討，

20、處理，對待n.接近；通路，入口；處理方式，解決辦法，學習（研究）途徑As they approached the wood a rabbit ran out of the trees.There are several ways of approach ing this problem.The approach of win ter brings cold weather.We n eed a new approach to this problem.What was brought up at the meeting is that we must find a new approach t

21、o teach ing Ian guages.歸納擴展approach sth./ sb.靠近某物；接近某物at the approach of在快到 的時候an approach to做某事的方法/途徑；通往某地的路徑區：the access to通道；入口；使用途徑have/ gain/ get access to give sb. access toThis is the only access to the hall.It 'difficult to get access to him.You n eed a password to get access to the comp

22、uter system.An office in Shanghai would give us access to the Chinese market.Stude nts must have access to good resources.歸納擴展means適用于為達到某種目的所使用的任何方法，既可指工具、 器械，也可指行動、方法；approach主要指研究、做學問或解決 某難題的方法或途徑；method指系統、有效地方法或步驟，含 有規律性和正規性的意思；way為普通用詞，不如method正式， 而且多指解決問題或做某事的具體辦法或途徑。an approach to (do ing) s

23、th.means 單復數同行)for/ of (doing) sth. means to do sth.means to the end達至U目的的方法means to prosperity 致富途徑methods for/ of (doing) sth.ways of (do ing) sth.ways to do sth.高考鏈接1. At the meet ing they discussed three differe nt _A to the study ofmathematics.(湖北高考)A. approaches B. means C. methods D. ways2. T

24、he system has bee n desig ned to give stude nts to give stude nts quick and easy A to the digital resources of the library. (2009浙 江)A. access B. passage C. wayD. approachaccess to表示“(進入)的機會，進入權，享用權；通道，入口； 使用途徑” ；passage通道，走廊，航道”，+of; ways + of; approach to 做的方法”，但 approach 為 C。18. Do you think we c

25、ould stop and walk around for a while?情態動詞could表示請求許可，語氣委婉、客氣。歸納擴展請求許可 Can/ Could/ May/ Might I ？”和 ”Can/ Could you？”給予許可 You can/may ” 等，不可用 You could/might ”拒絕請求 No, you can 't/must n't.for a while 一會兒； 暫時he sat for while, thinking about what Lance had said to him.歸納擴展a little/ short while

26、 一會兒 quite a while 相當長的一段時間all the while 一直，始終 once a while = at times 偶爾，間或 after a while 過了一會兒咼考鏈接Let's go to B. cinema-that'lltake your minkd off the problem for while.(2009 全國 1 卷)A. the; the B. the; a C. a; the D. a; a佃.lively a.活潑的；生機勃勃的；充滿趣味的lovely a.可愛的，漂亮的likely a.可能的；合適的live a.活的；現

27、場直播的livi nga.活著的，活的20. Shall we go there for lunch?shall(1) 用作助動詞，用于一般將來時，只能用于I, we.We shall have an En glish test tomorrow.(2) 用作情態動詞，用于第一、三人稱的疑問句，表請求、征 求對方的意見，意為“怎么樣？” “好嗎？”Shall he come in or not?是讓他進來還是不讓他進來？Shall we set off now?(3) 用作情態動詞，用于第二、三人稱的陳述句，表示允諾、 保證、警告、威脅及規章制度、條文等。You shall get a pre

28、se nt if you get full marks in the exam.Can didates shall rema in in their seats un til all the papers have collected.高考鏈接-What does the sig n over there read?-No pers on _C smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area”(四川高考)A. willB. may C. shall (表警告)D. must21. starve to deathbe

29、starving forbe dying for- 渴望得到be desperate for -Listening and Vocabulary22. occupation n. C U 職業；占領；居住occupy vt.占據，占有歸納擴展occupy on eself in doing sth. / with sth.專心于某事； 忙于某事 be occupied in doing sth. / with sth.The child occupied himself in draw ing a picture.Stude nts are occupied with their study.

30、易混詞辨析occupation指一般意義上的職業，任 何職業都可叫做occupati onAll the people prese nt won dered what his occupati on was.employment指受雇于人而拿薪水的 職業He is in my employme fession指知識性專門職業，從業 者經過特殊教育和訓練， 如醫生、律師、教師等She intends to make teachi ng as her professi on.23. Would you like to be on the committee when you are o

31、lder?易混詞辨析例句would like想、愿意”would like to do sth.I would like to go to the party.feel like想、愿意”feel like (doing) sth.I don' feel like eating these days.would prefer更愿意，更想”would prefer n/pron./ to do.I would prefer it if you did not go there alone.would likewould rather do tha n do. would rather (

32、that) + 過去 時(與現在事實相反) would rather (that) + 過去 完成時(與過去事實相反)I would rather (that) he came tomorrow.Pronunciation & Writing24. Yes, I was born in this street.歸納擴展was/ were born in + 地點was/were born in to + family 生于 之家She was born into a wealthy family.was/ were born of + n.從中產生The inven ti on was

33、 born of n eed.Their frie ndship was born of a curious accide nt.Love is born of the heart, not the mind.was/ were born + adj/ n.生來是Huma n beings were born equal.He was born bli nd/ deaf.先天盲、聾。was/ were born with 生來具有He was born with a good memory.was/ were born + to do 生來就要做She was born to be a mus

34、icia n.born還可做定語“天生的”She is a born poet.25. exchange vt.& vi. & n.交換，交流，兌換At the end of the game players traditi on ally excha nge shirts with each other.歸納擴展excha nge sth. with sb.與某人交換某物Let'excha nge our seats.exchange A for B.以 A 換 BHuman beings exchange future development for immedia

35、te pleasure.Huma n beings sacrifice future developme nt for immediate pleasure. 人類為了換取眼前的享樂不顧將來的發展。in excha nge （for）以換Would you like my old TV in excha nge for this camera?I 'type your report if you ' babysit in excha nge.make an excha nge 交換excha nge rate/ rate of excha ng& 匚率咼考鏈接I hav

36、e offered to paint the house Aa week accommodati on.A. i n excha nge forB. with regard to（至于）（山東高考）C. by means ofD. in place of （代替）26. Cities are interesting, and they can be beautiful, but they are never beautiful in the way that the coun tryside is beautiful.I don 'like the way you treat the

37、old.歸納擴展先行詞是the way時，引導定語從句的關系詞要根據定語從句中所 缺的成分確定。若the way在從句中作狀語，關系詞用（that）/ （in which）,也可以省略。I don 'like the way _Dhe talks to his father.A. where B. which C. to which D. that 區別the way在定語從句中作賓語的用法。He showed me the way （that）/ （which） I was look ing for.27. get away from擺脫，遠離歸納擴展get up起身get on/o

38、ff上車下車get into/ out of上車從（車里）出來get out of逃避，擺脫He'll do anything to get out of work.get along with和相處get away with做（壞事）而不受懲罰；偷攜某物潛逃He was so lucky to get away with a fine for such a serious mistake. The robbers robbed the bank and got away with a log of mon ey.get across被理解，把 講清楚get close to 接近ge

39、t dow n 降下get dow n to doi ng sth.開始著手做某事get on/along with 和相處get over克服，控制The n ews was a terrible blow to her, but she will get over the shock soon.get through用完，耗盡；完成；通過（考試等）Hardly could he get through this amount of work in such a short time.28. a great/good many 許多，大量A good many foreig ners pay

40、 a visit to the Great Wall every year. 歸納擴展表示許多的短語：(1) a great/ good many quite a few a large/ great nu mber of(2) a large/ great amount of a great deal of quite a little(3) a lot of = lots of ple nty of a large qua ntity of = qua ntities of quantities of C 復數 or U , + V.復數 eg. Quan tities of books/

41、 waterare ma ny a/ an + C單數，+V.單數 more than oneCultural Corner+ j復數，+ v.復數-+ U , +V.第三人稱單數» +C復數or U, V.取決于名詞29. reason n.原因 v.講道理歸納擴展reas onfor (doing) sth. to do sth.why/that引導的定語從句The reason (why/ for which/ that) I didn' come here on time was (that)(because 口語)I got up too late.區別：The r

42、eason (that/ which) he gave us was just an excuse toescape resp on sibility. reason with sb.和講道理 reason sb. into/ out of doing sth.說服某人做 /不做某事 =persuade sb. in to/ out of doing sth.30. as (因為)歸納擴展because/ as/ since/ forbecause因為”寶石直接的因果原因，回答why提問的問題，在主 句前后都可；since “因為” “既然”表示顯然的或已知的理由；as由于” “鑒于”也表示顯

43、然的原因，可與since互換；for “因為”“由于”表示推斷的理由，引導的分句前有逗號，而 且分句不在句首。as的各種用法：as表原因、as表時間“當之時，在的同時；隨著” 連詞as表情況正如一樣”>as表轉折雖然”as表比較 像一樣” asas>as “作為” prep.as 當做” prep.I saw him walking in the street just as I was getting on a city bus.(當之時)As time goes by, he seems to become more and more con fuse隨著) As we'

44、;re both tired, let'sjust have a rest.因為)As I told you before, you will be required to give a five-minute oral report.(正女口)Cold as it was, he decided to go swim ming.Child as she is, she is very con siderate.卜讓步Try as he would, he still wasntable to pass the examsI'm not as fate as I used to

45、 be.比較He studied hard, as does his sister.比較I respect him as a doctor.當做As an officer, you should serve your coun try.31. remain vt.係動詞)保持；逗留，留下歸納擴展rema in sile nt/ sta nding/ seated/ un cha ngedremain to be done 留待做the fact remains （that） 事實是，不容忽視的是 it remains to be seen 尚不確定； 有待觀察remaining （僅用語 n.前）adj.剩余的，其余的 the remai ning tickets