1、 賓語從句用法小結賓語從句是初中英語中最重要的語法之一。中考經常會出現相關的題目。掌握賓語從句應注意引導詞（連詞），語序以與時態三方面要素。下面的表格可以幫助大家理解這一部分容賓語從句句式連詞語序述句that不變一般疑問句If/whether改為述語序特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞改為述語序賓語從句的時態問題主句一般現在時態一般過去時態從句保留原來時態改為過去的某個時態客觀事實和自然現象除外所謂過去的某個時態指的是如下的變化一般現在時態一般過去時態現在進行時態過去進行時態(was/were doing)現在完成時態過去完成時態（had 過去分詞）一般將來時態過去將來時態（would do.was/wer

2、e going to do）接下來我們一起來具體了解賓語從句的用法以與應注意點（你認為重要的或者容易出錯的地方最好用紅筆劃出來）一、 賓語從句的引導詞1. 當由述句來充當賓語從句時，用that引導，that無詞義常省略。eg. I think (that) he is right. I know (that) she is a Canadian athlete. Im sure (that) he will get the job. Im glad (that) you are trying to help others. He tells me (that) he will work har

3、d this term.特別注意：賓語從句否定意義的轉移。 若主句的謂語動詞是think , believe , suppose, guess等詞，而且主句的主語是第一人稱時候，如果從句謂語是否定的，一般要將否定詞not轉移至主句謂語上去，而將從句謂語改為肯定形式。如：I dont think he has time to come to the party .2. 當由特殊疑問句做賓語從句時，引導詞由原來的特殊疑問詞來充當。有意義不能省略。從句的語序要用述語序。句末的標點符號由主句決定。常出現的特殊疑問詞：when, why, how, where, who、whom、whose、which

4、, what等。 eg. 1) He asks. How can they get to school? He asks how they can get to school. 2) Do you know? When did he buy this pen? Do you know when he bought this pen? 3) Can you tell me ? What is your name? Can you tell me what your name is?3. 當由一般疑問句充當賓語從句時，用if或whether引導，意為“是否”“是不是”“能否”等。eg. 1) He

5、 asks me if/ whether he can come. 2) Im not sure if/ whether she will help me. 3) Do you know if/ whether the train will arrive on time?特別注意：1）直接與or not連用時,往往用whether 不用ifeg. Let me know whether or not he will come讓我知道他是否能來。2）介詞之后用whether 不用ifeg. They are talking about whether he will win the game.

6、Im worried about whether they will arrive on time.3) 不定式前用whether 不用if二、賓語從句要用述句語序賓語從句的語序必須是述語序。所謂述句語序就是指賓語從句中主語一定要放在謂語動詞之前(1)主句（that）從句（主語謂語）；(2 )主句if/whether從句（主語謂語）；(3)主句特殊疑問詞+述句語序（主語謂語）eg. Do you know why winter is colder than summer? Can you tell me what your name is?特別注意：Whats the matter ? 作為賓

7、語從句時有兩種前況。當它的解釋是“怎么了？”時，語序不要變化。當它的解釋是 “ 這是什么物質？”時，要變為述句語序。如：The teacher asked the students what the matter was.The teacher asked the students what was the matter ? 三、賓語從句的時態要遵循時態的一致性原則。賓語從句中謂語動詞的時態，常常受主句謂語時態的制約，這種現象稱為“時態的呼應”1.主句是一般現在時，賓語從句時態不受主句謂語動詞的影響，根據實際情況而定。eg. I know that she will leave China t

8、omorrow.Do you know why I could pass the exam last term ?2.主句是一般過去時，賓語從句時態要用與過 去相關的時態。比如，一般過去時，過去完成時，過去將來時等等。eg. Mr. King didnt know when his son came home yesterday evening. He wanted to know when the meeting would start. She didnt tell us where she lived.3. 主句是一般過去時，但如果賓語從句 表示的是客觀真理或自然現象，其謂語時

9、態則仍然一般現在時。eg. The teacher told us light travels much faster than sound . He said that the sun rises in the east. She said that her father is twenty-eight years older than her.特別注意：若是主句出現 Could you tell me ? Would you please tell me ? 這樣的句型，并不表示過去時只是表示比較婉轉的語氣，其后的賓語從句時態根據實際情況而定。不要混淆哦。做題目要特別注意。eg. Coul

10、d you tell me whether you will call me this evening?四、賓語從句和狀語從句的分辯在某些情況下，同學們容易混淆賓語從句和狀語從句。如if 引導的賓語從句和條件狀語從句。可以用以下方法來處理：  當if解釋為“是否”時，其引導的是賓語從句。遵循賓語從句的時態規則。  He doesnt know if the famous singer will come tomorrow.  當if解釋為“如果”時，其引導的是條件狀語從句。遵循的是“主將從一”的時態規則。He will come if he has time to

11、morrow.五、例題講解(1) He asked _.A. that she was free the next weekB. if she has done her workC. what did she doD. what her name was根據語序可以排除C,根據時態可以排除B,根據asked可以判斷后面是疑問句，不可能用that 這個連詞，因此選擇D.（2）Didnt your teacher say _?A. how long you would be awayB. the moon traveled round the earthC. that Peter is very

12、cleverD. that light travels faster than sound根據say排除A,因為它后面只能跟述句，根據主句時態排除C, 而B,D都屬于客觀事實，應該用一般現在時態，所以只能選D.六、實踐操練1In the bookshop，a reader asked the shop keeper _ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting bookAthat            Bhow   &#

13、160;     Cwhat          Dif2I don't know _  MrGreen will come to see us He will help us with our English Awhy       Bwhen        Chow    

14、;   Dwhere3We never know _  the old man is They say he is a teacherAwhat      Bwho       Cwhich      Dwhere4. Do you know _  ？I'm going to see him    Sorry，I don't knowAwhere does Mr

15、Li live   Bwhere did MrLi liveCwhere MrLi lives     Dwhere MrLi lived5. I don't feel very wellMum asked me _ this morningAwhat the matter is  Bwhat is wrong   Cwhat was the matter  Dwhat wrong was6. Do you know _?A.What time will the plane take o

16、ffB. What time would the plane take offC. What time the plane will take offD. the plane will take off at what time7. The manager came up to see _.A. what was the matter          B. what the matter wasC. what the matter is    

17、        D. what's the matter8. The teacher didnt begin her class  _  the students stopped talking.       Auntil              Bbecause  &

18、#160;              Cafter               Dwhen9.If it  _  tomorrow, well go to the Great wall.        Adoesnt rain&#

19、160;        Bwont rain        Cnot rains     Disnt rain10. .Could you tell me _  we get to the plane?       Ahow         

20、; Bwhether             Cwhere              Dwhat11. The teacher says  _  she will leave a message on the headmasters desk.     

21、60; Aif                   Bwho               Cthat               

22、 Dwhat12.You must make your new house clean and safe _  you move in.       Abecause              Bwhen              Cbefore&#

23、160;             Duntil13.I was  _ tired  _  I couldnt walk on.       Asothat                &#

24、160;             Btooto       Cverythat                            

25、60; Dveryto14.I thought he  _   to see his mother if he _  time.       Awill gohas                         

26、60;   Bwill go will have       Cwould go would have                     Dwould go had參考答案：D A ACC C A A A ACC A D1. Wang Hai told me  _he didn't go cyc

27、ling yesterday afternoon. (how, why)2. Can you tell me _else is going to be on duty? (who, whom)3. She said _it wouldn't matter much.(that, if)4. He always thinks  _ he can do better.(how, who)5. I hope he              &#

28、160;       (come) back in a week.6. Do it cost much money to fly to Beijing ? Could you tell me ?(合并為一個復合句)Could you tell me _ it _ much money to fly to Beijing ?7. I am good at swimming. Jack said. _8. Are they from Germany? Tom asked. _9. Did that girl break the windo

29、w? Please tell me. _10 How many girls are there in the room? Our teacher asked. _11 Have your parents ever been to London? He didnt know. _12 There are 12 months in a year. Mum told me. _參考答案：1.why 2.who 3 that 4.how 5 will come     6.if,costs 7. Jack said that he was good at swi

30、mming.8. Tom asked if they were from Germany.9. Please tell me if that girl broke the window.10. Our teacher asked how many girls there were in the room.11. He didnt know if your parents had ever been to London.12. Mum told me that there are 12 months in a year習題（一）    1 The girls ask

31、ed if they _ some food and drink with them.     A. took B. take C. takes D. will take    2 Catherine said that she _ to Guangzhou.     A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been    3 The students want to know wh

32、ether they_ a dictation  today.     A. had B. has . C. will have D. are    4 She asked Linda if_ go and get some.     A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may    5 Linda said the moon_ round the earth.     A. trav

33、elled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled    答案：1-5 A D C B C習題（二）    1 Can you tell me_ you were born, Betty?     A. who B. what C. when D. that    2 I don't know _ they have passed the exam.     A. what B. if

34、C. when D. where    3 I hardly understand. _ he has told me.     A. that B. what C. which D. who    4 She didn't know_ back soon.     A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be    5. I don't know _ he stil

35、l lives here after so many years.     A. whether B where C. what D. when      6. He asked me _told me the accident.     A whom B which C who D whose習題（三）    1. They don't know _  their parents are.  &#

36、160;  A that B what C why D which    2. Please tell me _ last year.     A. where does your sister work B where did your sister work    C where your sister works D where your sister worked    3. She asked me if I knew _.  

37、0;  A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was     C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it    4. You must remember _.     A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say     C. your mother said what D. what has your mother said &#

38、160;  5 Did you know _?     A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for     C. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after    6 Could you tell me _?     A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing &#

39、160;   C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing    答案：1-6 B D B A A C習題（四）    1. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper _ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. （市東城區）     A. that B. how C. whatD. if  &#

40、160;  2. I don't know _ Mr. Green will come to see us.     He will help us with our English. （市）     A. why B. when C. how D. where     3. We never know _ the old m an is.     They say he is a teacher. （市）     A. wha

41、t B. who C. which D. where     4. I was told _ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers. （市）     A. that how B. how that C. when that D. that when     5. Do you know _ ? I'm going to see him.     Sorry, I don't know.

42、（市海淀區）     A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li live     C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived     6. W here do you think _ he _ the computer?     Sorry, I have no idea. （市）     A. ; bought B. has; bought C. di

43、d; buy D. does; buy     7. I don't feel very well. Mum asked me _ this morning. （市）     A. what the matter is B. what is wrong     C. what the matter was D. what wrong was     8. Where is Jack?     He is away to spend his

44、 holiday. He's gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan, but I'm not sure _ . （市）     A. that B. which C. where D. there     答案：14 D A A D 58 C A C C 賓語從句專項訓練 I從下列A、B、C、D中選擇一個正確選項填空。 1I don't know _ he will come tomorrow_ he comes，I'll tell you Aif；

45、Whether Bwhether；Whether Cif；That Dif；If 2I don't know _ the day after tomorrow Awhen does he come Bhow will he come Cif he comes Dwhether he'll come 3Could you tell me _ the nearest hospital is？ Awhat Bhow Cwhether Dwhere 4Could you tell me _ the radio without any help？ Ahow did he mend Bwh

46、at did he mend Chow he mended Dwhat he mended 5I want to know _ Awhom is she looking after Bwhom she is looking Cwhom is she looking Dwhom she is looking after 6Do you know where _ now？ Ahe lives Bdoes he live Che lived Ddid he live 7Do you know what time _ ？ Athe train leave Bdoes the train leave C

47、will the train leave Dthe train leaves 8I don't know _ Can you tell me，please？ Ahow the two players are old Bhow old are the two players Cthe two players are how old Dhow old the two players are 9The small children don't know _ Awhat is their stockings in Bwhat is in their stockings Cwhere i

48、s their stockings in Dwhat in their stockings 10I can't understand _ Awhat does Christmas mean Bwhat Christmas does mean Cwhat mean Christmas does Dwhat Christmas means II按要求轉換句型。 1Does MrBrown enjoy living in China？Could you tell us？（改寫句子） Could you tell us _ MrBrown _ living in China？ 2“Does t

49、he girl need any help？”he asked me（變為復合句） He asked me _ the girl _ some help 3Jim is not a studentTom is not a student，either（合并為一個句子） _ Jim _ Tom is a student 4When does the train leave？I want to know（改為含賓語從句的復合句） I want to know _ the train _ 5They went home after they had finished their homework（用notuntil改寫） They _ go home _ they had finished their homework 6Did Peter come here yesterday？Li Lei wants to know（