1、選擇性必修一 Tu YouYou Awarded Noble PrizeUnit 1 People of achievementReading and thinking人教版（2019）Lead inCan you name some Chinese doctors who used herbs(草藥草藥) for treatment in ancient times?Lead inLead in Hua Tuo was a renowned physician during the Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era of China. Th

2、e Book of Later Han records Hua Tuo as the first person in China to use anesthesia(麻醉麻醉) during surgery. He used a general anesthetic combining wine with an herbal concoction called mafeisan (麻沸散麻沸散)Lead inLead inLi Shizhen was a famous medical scientist in Ming Dynasty. He wrote a famous book Compe

3、ndium of Materia Medica(本草綱目本草綱目), which is a collection of Chinese herbs . It included 2000 Chinese herbs with millions of characters . He visited mountains, tasted different kinds of herbs and even did experiments on himself . It took him 37 years to finish the book ，which is considered to be a gr

4、eat contribution to the development of Chinese medicine.Lead in Tu Youyou,bornin1930inNingbo,hasbeenapharmacologistattheChinaAcademyofChineseMedicineSciencesince1965,engaginginresearchofthecombinationofTCMandWM. TCM:traditionalChinesemedicine WM:westernmedicine Can you name a modern scientist who us

5、es artemisinin as a new treatment for malaria?Lead in The discovery of artemisinin and its treatment of malaria is regarded as a breakthrough of tropical medicine in the 20th century. For her work, Tu received the 2011 Lasker Award in clinical medicine and the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medic

6、ine.Her name is taken from the Book Of Songs（詩經）（詩經）Tu Youyou won Nobel Prize for the discovery of Artemisinin(青青蒿蒿素素).Pre-Reading Questionseffort talent We need talent to learn quickly and to think sharply. We should spare no effort to experiment through trial and error. Genius is one percent inspi

7、ration and ninety-nine percent perspiration. ReadingTU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE This years Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner),whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria Artemisinin has saved hundreds of thou

8、sands of lives. and has led to improved health for millions of people. Over 200 million people around the worid get malaria each year, and about 600， 000 die from it, Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria. and is thought to save 100.000 lives a year in Africa alone.para.1v

9、ocabulary1. physiology n. 生理學；生理機能生理學；生理機能2.award vt.把把獎給獎給,授予授予;判給判給,判定判定3. crucial adj. 至關重要的；關鍵性的至關重要的；關鍵性的4.vital adj. 必不可少的；極其重要的必不可少的；極其重要的Question Time1. Summarize this paragraph in one sentence.The significance of Tus discovery. TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZEReading Tu Youyou, a committed and

10、 patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China. On 30 December 1930， and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955. After she graduated, she worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing. In 1967. the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objec

11、tive of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen. In the beginning Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients. vocabulary5. committed adj. 盡心盡力的；堅定盡心盡力的；堅定/信信的的6. academy n. 研究院；學會研究院；學會7. objective adj. 客觀的

12、客觀的para.2-1TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZEQuestion Time1. Summarize the above para.2-1 in one sentence.Personal profile and early work experience. TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE2. Why did Tu Youyou became the head of the project? A. She went to Hainan at first. B. She graduated from Peking University.

13、C. She was committed and patient. D. It wasnt showed in the text. D.Reading 1969， she became the head of the project in Beijing and decided to review ancient Chinese medical texts to find traditional botanical treatments for the disease, Her team examined over 2， 000 old medical texts, and evaluated

14、 280,000 plants for their medical properties From their research. they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria. vocabulary8. botanical adj. 植物學的植物學的9. evaluate vt. 評價；評估評價；評估10. property n. 性質；特征；性質；特征；11. distinct adj. 清

15、晰清晰/楚楚的；有區別的的；有區別的para.2-2TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZEQuestion Time1. Summarize the above para.2-2 in one sentence.Tus way to the treatment for malaria.TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZEReading One medical text from the fourth century suggested using the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. Tus

16、 team tested a collection of dried wormwood leaves but found no effect. They then tried boiling fresh wormwood and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria, but this did not work either Their project got stuck. However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. She analysed the medical tex

17、ts again, and by chance, she found one sentence suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood. she concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties.vocabulary12. extract n. 提取物提取物13. boil v. （使）沸騰；煮開（使）沸騰；煮開14. obtain vt. 獲得；贏得獲得；贏得15. acknowledge vt. 承認承認;感謝感

18、謝16. defeat n. 失敗；挫敗失敗；挫敗17. analyse vt. 分析分析18. apparently adv. 顯而易見；看來；顯然顯而易見；看來；顯然para.3-1TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZEQuestion Time1. Summarize the above para.3-1 in one sentence.Hard work leading to the discovery of the artemisinin. TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE2. Which of the following stateme

19、nts is true according to the last three paragraphs? A. Tu Youyou led some ancient workers. B. It is the dried wormwood leaves that cured the disease. C. Tu Youyou got the idea by analysing. D. The boiling fresh wormwood was useful. C.Reading Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract, she fou

20、nd a substance that worked. After failing more than 190 times, the team finally succeeded in 1971. Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered. This medici

21、ne, which was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria.vocabulary19. substance n. 物質；物品；事實根據物質；物品；事實根據20. insist vi. vt. 堅持；堅決要求堅持；堅決要求para.3-2TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZEQuestion Time1. Summarize the above para.3-2 in one sentence.The discovery of the artemisinin. TU YOUYOU

22、 AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE2. Which of the following statements about artemisinin is NOT true according to the passage? A. It has saved so many lives. B. It has improved peoples health. C. It is a great discovery. D. It has saved 100, 000 lives a year in the world. D.Reading According to Tu Youyou, the dis

23、covery of artemisinin was a team effort. Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, The honour is not just mine. There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country.This success proves the great value of traditional Chinese medicine. It is indeed an honour for Chinas s

24、cientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.vocabulary21. effort n.努力；盡力；努力的成果努力；盡力；努力的成果22. scientific adj. 科學的；關于科學的科學的；關于科學的23. spread vt.伸展；傳播；覆蓋伸展；傳播；覆蓋 para.4TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZEQuestion Time1. Summarize the para.4 in one sentence.TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZ

25、EThe honor of the discovery. Post readingRead the text again and choose the correct answers.1. Whats the main theme of the text about? A. A Nobel Prize winner. B. The Nobel Prize. C. A new treatment for malaria. D. The process of the research. A.2. Where would you most likely find this passage? A. i

26、n a blog . B. In a book . C. in a letter . D. In a newspaperD.Post reading3. Which two pieces of information were not included in the passage? A. A quote from Tu Youyou B. The details of how artemisinin was discovered C. Tu Youyous important contributions other than the discovery of artemisinin. D.

27、Tu Youyous personal life. E. Tu Youyous road to discovering artemisinin F. What Tu Youyou was awarded. G. Why artemisinin is an important discovery.C.D.Post readingFind out what happened to Tu in the following years.Born in Ningbo, ChinaGraduated from Peking University Medical SchoolChosen to be the

28、 first researchers to discover a new treatment for malaria.Chosen to be the first researchers to discover a new treatment for malaria.Tested the medicine on themselves and later on patients. The medicine became a standard treatment for malaria.Awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology and Medicine.Post

29、 readingover 2000 old medical texts8,000 plants for properties.They found a medical text suggesting _using the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. driedwormwoodleavesbutfoundnoeffectThey tried _but_ _boiling fresh wormwoodand using the liquid lower temperatureto draw outThey tested the med

30、icine_ _ to see if safe.onthemselvesmalaria patientsThe medicine became _ .a standardtreatment for malariaTus team examined _,_and evaluated _ They tested _this did not work either.They tested the medicine on_.They used a _ the sweet wormwood contract.Post readingHerteamexaminedover_oldmedicaltexts,andevaluated_plantsfortheirmedicalproperties.Fromtheirresearch,theydiscoveredandtested_distinctancientChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstmalaria.Afterfailedmorethan_times,theteamfinallysucceededin1971.2.000280.000380 190 What numbers are mentioned in the t