1、英語音標表（48個）元音（20個）藍色（Original Version Of IPA）長元音/:/:/ :/ :/i:/U:/短元音/ / u/e/ /æ/eI/ e/aI/ a/I/ 雙元音/e/ u/ u/a/ au輔音（28個）輕輔音/p/ / t/ / k/f/ /s/ / h/ /ts/t/ /tr/ 濁輔音/b/d/  /g/v/ /ð/ /z/ / r/  /dz/ /d/ /dr/ 鼻音/m/n/ /  半元音/ j/

2、w/邊音/ /英語音標及字母組合對照元音:1) / 發音字母 u o ou oo up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup busmother does love trouble rough blood flood2) /:/ 發音字母ar a alcar farm card arm gardenfast class last glass plant calm half aunt heart3) / 發音字母o a ouhot lost lot fox box hop loss collar notwant wash watch4) /:/ 發音字母al or

3、 ore oo au our ou ar awSmall wall talk tall ball walk short more lord horse for forty sport store door floor author caught autumnfour court bought broughtwarm warn quarterlaw saw5) /發音字母er or ou ar o a e u urteacher leader remember player speaker farmer doctor actor authordelicious familiar dollarto

4、morrow today lesson polite controlaround ago elephant banana Canada Japanmen listenfamulusSaturday6) / :/ : 發音字母ir ur ear er or bird girl skirt third turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burgerlearn earn earth heardterm her servework world7) / 發音字母 i y e ui u ay asit picture it is list six mi

5、x fix fit many happy twenty dictionarydecide buildyesterday 8) /i:/ 發音字母:ee ea e ie ei （eo ey i）three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat teacher mean speakhe she me piece believereceive ceiling9) / u發音字母oo ou u olook good foot book wood should could put full pushwoman wolf10) /U:/ 發音字母

6、oo o u oufood moon room gloom broom doom goose toothdo whom prove move tworude true blueyou group11) /e/發音字母ea e a （ue, u, ie, ai, ei, ay）head bread pleasure featherelephant remember sell shell lesson better bed desk yesmany any12) /æ/ 發音字母 abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black glad fla

7、g man 13) /e/ eI 發音字母 ei a ay ea ai ey eightname cake late gate plane April play say waygreat breakrain plain paint paidthey hey grey14) /a/ aI 發音字母 i y uybike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eyebuy guy15) / I發音字母oy oiboy toy joy enjoyoil soil voice choice16) /發音字母eer ear erebeer deer

8、 ear near here idea17) /e/發音字母ear air ere arepear bear chair air fair there where care dare18) / u發音字母 our oor ure tour poor sure19) / u 發音字母 o ow oa home cold no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flowboat coat goal20) /a/ au發音字母ou ow house out flour ground account count sound loud flow

9、er down now cow how town輔音：1.爆破音音標對比：/k/ /g/ / t/ /d/ /p/ /b/發音字母：c/k/ck g t d p b keep get tea deed put book kid gain team deep pen bed cake beg neat need pet bet pick pig bet bed pull ball2.摩擦音音標對比：/f/ /v/ / /ð/ 發音字母：f/ph v th th life live thick this five vote theme than physics visit te

10、eth they 音標對比：/s/ /z/ / /發音字母：s/c s/z sh/ch/ci/ti/si si/s sink zip action treasure pass zoo machine measure advice his finish revision Asia、ancient 3.破擦音 音標對比: /tr/ /dr/ /ts/ /dz/ /t/ /dr/發音字母：tr dr ts ds ch j/ge/ tree dream bets beds chess job try dry seats seeds children energy treat draw nets nee

11、ds match 4)鼻音音標對比：/m/ /n/ /發音字母：m n ng n Some noon sing Come nose song Map note king Moon nothing thank5)其他音標： /h/ /r/  /j/ /w/ /發音字母：h/wh r/wr y w/wh L Hot race year wait let House red yes wide leap Horse right yard what deal Whole wrong young while sale Who write yet when belt Whse 【注意】wh 在元音

12、字母O前才發/h/語音知識: 1) 字母：語言的書寫形式。元音字母只有a,e,i(y),o,u 2) 音素：音的最小的單位。英語中有48音素。即20個元音音素和28個輔音音素. 3) 元音：發音響亮，是樂音；口腔中氣流不收阻礙；是構成音節的主要音。英語中有20元音。 4) 輔音：發音不響亮，是噪音；口腔中氣流受到阻礙；不是構成音節的主要音。英語中有28輔音。 5) 音節：由元音和輔音構成的發音單位。ap'ple，stu'dent，tea'cher，un'der'stand。 6) 開音節：a) 輔音+元音+輔音+e name bike home due;

13、 b) 輔音+元音 he，go，hi。 7) 閉音節：a) 輔音+元音+輔音 bad，bed，sit，hot，cup; b)元音+輔音it。 8) 重讀音節：單詞中發音特別響亮的音節。 讀音規則 1) 重讀音節(見元音和輔音的例句)。 2) 非重讀音節 banana，student，today，after，i orange，secret，evening，very，Monday。 特殊讀音 1）音的連讀：前面的詞以元輔音結尾，后面的單詞以元音開頭，這樣結尾的輔音要和開頭的元音連讀。not at all，half an hour，I love you and all、after all。 2）失去

14、爆破：輔音爆破音或摩擦音后面跟的是爆破音、破擦音和摩擦等，前面的輔音要失去爆破。good girl，good student，good job，expression，school，extreme。 3）音的同化：兩個特殊的音碰到一起，會發出變異成特殊的音。Would you do it? I am glad to meet you、Can't you see it? last year，this year。 重音 A)雙音節詞 a)一般在第一個音節重讀。letter，sorry。 b)有 a-，be-，de-，re-，res-，in-，im-，en-，em-，es-，ex-，con-，

15、com-，dis-，mis-，pre-，per-，pro-，trans- 等前綴的詞，第二個音節是重音。a'bout，be'lieve，ad'dress，de'cide，re'port，con'demn，res'pect，com'pare，in'form，dis'cuss，im'press，mis'take，en'force，pre'pare，em'ploy，per'mit，es'cape，pro'duce，ex'claim，trans'

16、;latec)有 de-，in-，re-，con-，pre- 等前綴的重音與詞義和詞類有關，一般名詞的重音在第一個音節上，其它的詞性在第二個音節上。'record，re'cord; 'insult，in'sult; 'conduct，con'duct; 'present pre'sent; 'content，con'tent。 d)有些復合詞和帶有前綴 re-，ex-，un-，pre-，post-，等的詞，有兩個重音。'out'side，'re'tell，'well-'

17、;known，'un'real，'fif'teen，'Chi'nese，'pre-'war，'post-'war。 B)多音節詞 a)一般倒數第三個音節是重音。'difficult，'communist，'family，e'conomy，oppor'tunity，de'mocracy。 b)有一些雙音節詞，加了前綴和后綴成了多音節，但這些詞按原來詞根的重音讀音'carefully，in'definite，'comfortable，con'

18、;ductor，ac'cording，dis'turbance，'complicated，es'tablishment。 c)詞尾有-eous，-grahpy，-ial，-ian，-ic，-ics，-ience，ient，-ify，-ion，-ious，-ity，ive 后綴的詞，重音在這些后綴的前一個音節上。cour'teous，cal'ligraphy，edi'torial，his'torian，peri'odic，mathe'matics，ex'perience，suf'ficient，i&#

19、39;dentify，trans'lation，re'ligious，curi'osity，pro'tective。 d)詞尾有 -ain，-ee，-eer，-ese，-ette 后綴的詞，重音在該后綴上，而且有一個次重音。enter'tain，emplo'yee，mountai'neer，Japa'nese，ciga'rette。 一些特殊規則：l S后的清輔音/ k/ /p/ / t/ 要濁化為/g/ /b/ /d/音。如：sky skill stop student space sportl 字母

20、組合tion有兩種發音/tn /, /n / 如: /tn / question /n / situation nation invitation l 有些單詞中某些字母不發音如：hour climb Christmas know listen l 一般情況開音節發本音（如 輔元輔e 的結構） a e cake ,face , table ,grade, haveæ除外 e i: these , he, she, be, we I a mine , ride , time, give ,live 除外 o nose ,those ,hope , (另外，o后是m, n, v, th，

21、發如：love, some ,come，glove，brother，mother ; whose,whomu:除外。) U ju: cute ,use 閉音節一般不發本音（如 輔元輔 的結構） a æ cat ,black ,glad, e e bed , left , help , I big ,milk ,think , o / hot , stop , clock, u bus , sun ,but , put , pull除外l 僅一種發音的字母組合：ai, ay e rain ，play al : all , walk talk half :除外 oa coat ,boat

22、 ch t chair , China school k 除外 ck k duck , clock sh shirt , shoes 還有sure l a前是輔音w 時，a發/ ,如：want ,what, watch ,wallet, washa后是字母ss , s, f , n時，一般發:，如grass，class，ask，after,i后是ld, nd結尾時, i 發a，如：find ,kind , child ,behind ,一些常用字母組合的發音：ar : farm far farther park : quarter warmair e chair hair hairdryer

23、pair airportear dear year ear earphone near hear e bear pear : learn earlyere here e where there : wereea e great e head sweater breakfast ready bread headache heavy i: speak peach beach each please read reading-room teacher teach eat seat tea teapot meat ice- cream Easter mean really idea theatre e

24、e i: see eighteen three green sweet tree Halloween need street sweep weekender : her hers term brother daughter father mother sister teacher number tiger after floweror doctor visitor mirror calculator : work worker word world : for forty morning short sport fork horse New York order more before ir /ur : bird girl birthday shirt skirt third circle thirsty thirty sir firstturn purse nurse hamburger surf Thursday hurtigh a night bright right light fight high height e eight weightoo cook foot football classroom bedroom bathr