1、校本教材（獨立主格、倒裝句、強調句、省略句部分）770805918一、獨立主格結構概念認識：獨立主格結構一般分兩種，一種是“名詞/代詞+現在分詞/過去分詞/不定式/形容詞/副詞/介詞短語”，另一種是“with+名稱/代詞+現在分詞/過去分詞/不定式/形容詞/副詞/介詞短語”，它們在語法上不是句子，在句子中作原因、方式、條件、伴隨狀語，表達時前者一般應與句子的主體部分分隔開來。練習一：比結構 試填空1.Weather -(permit), well go out for a walk.2.Homework -(finish), the boy went out to play.3.The exa

2、m -( hold) tomorrow, I cant go out the cinema tonight. 4.Our lesson-(over),we went to play football.5.The girl is walking in the field, packet-(on/in/with/of) the back.練習二：指一指 說意思1. They pretended to be working all night with their lights burning.2. She had to walk home with her bike stolen.3. I can

3、t go out to play with so much homework to do.4. He used to sleep with windows open.5. He went to sleep with lights on.6. The children came running toward us, with flowers in their hands.練習三：讀句子 用“”、“×”標注含有獨立主格結構的句子 1. He enjoyed going to the Peoples Park for a walk with his lovely cat.( )2. The

4、 teacher used to walk around the classroom, book in hand.( )3. The old man was sitting under the big tree when I entered the yard, with a paper fan inhis left hand.( )4. Walking in the fields on a March afternoon ,he could feel the warmth of spring.( )練習四：寫一下 練練筆1、 隨著工農業生產的迅速發展，世界污染越來越嚴重。（with+名稱/代詞

5、+）2、 這些孩子站在草坪里，雙眼望著天空。（with+名稱/代詞+）3、 課程結束了，孩子們就從培訓中心回家了。（名詞/代詞+）4、 商店關門了，他們只得離開。（名詞/代詞+）5、 你不知道她是如何在一支腳嚴重受傷的情況下完成接力賽(relay race)的。（with+名稱/代詞+）二、省略考點概述：省略考查中常出現的兩大情況是動詞不定式的省略和狀語從句中的省略。不定式的省略概念認識：不定式的省略是不定式所表達的內容在上下文中已經出現，為了不重復，常把不定式里的動詞及其后續部分省略，只保留to。舉例：-Will you go with me?-Well, Id like to (go wi

6、th you).幫你理解 幫你歸納：動詞不定式的省略一般可分成下列六種情況：1.I consider him (to be)lazy.理解歸納：像consider, find, think, feel, believe, imagine, prove等動詞后作賓補的結構to be + n./adj.中的to be可以省略。2. She didnt come ,though we had invited her to (come).理解歸納：當動詞不定式在像wish ,warn, invite, tell, allow, ask, force, forbid, permit, persuade,

7、 order等動詞后作賓補或主補時，不定式常可省去。3.I can not but admire his courage.理解歸納：can not but， can not choose but, can not help but等后的不定式一般不帶to; but之前有實意動詞do的某個形式時，也不帶to，否則要帶to。4.Nothing has ever stopped him from sleeping when he wants to (sleep).理解歸納：在不定式在下列動詞后作賓語時，不定式中to 后的部分可省略，常見的動詞有afford, agree, expect, forge

8、t, wish, want, refuse, remember, pretend, manage, know, hope等。5.They made the boy go to bed early.理解歸納：感官動詞see,hear, feel, watch, notice等以及使役動詞let,make, have后作賓補的不定式符號to 要省略，但變為被動結構時，to必須保留。 6.-Will you join us in the game?-Ill be glad to (join you in the game).理解歸納：不定式在形容詞afraid, anxious, eager, gl

9、ad, happy, ready, willing等后作狀語時，常可省略to 后的內容。練習一：單句改錯：1. He has no choice but accept the fact.2.The workers used to be made work twelve hours a day.3. They do not visit their parents as much as they ought.4.I have made up my mind to do it, but I havent decided when to.狀語從句的省略概念認識：在從句主語與主句主語一致或是it,謂語部

10、分含有be動詞，則可講從句的主語和be動詞一起省略省略的一般來講，狀語從句的省略多出現在五種從句中，即時間、條件、原因、讓步、比較狀語從句。練習二：朗讀理解：1.When (I was ) in Shanghai ，I knew him.2. If (it is) heated, water will turn into steam.3. He looked about ,as if (he was) in search of something.4. Because (he was) ill, he had to be sent into hospital.4 .They are as cl

11、ever as their teachers (are ),when they DIY something new. 練習三：試一試 寫出來：1、 雖然他們累了，但他們仍然堅持繼續工作。2、 你最好別查詞典，除非有必要。3、 我一邊看雜志，一邊等公共汽車。4、 如果聚會不是非常重要，它就有可能被推遲。三、強調句（一）強調句型概念說明：強調句是用來對句子某一部分進行語氣和語意強調的句型，它通常可用來強調主語、狀語、賓語。句型結構是“It is/was+被強調部分+that +句子的其余部分”。如果強調的部分是人，可用who代替that, is與was的選擇要依據原句時態，即原句是過去時態就用wa

12、s，原句是現在時態就用is.比照理解：原始句：I met Tom in the park yesterday.強調后的句子：強調主語：It was I that /who met Tom in the park yesterday. 強調賓語：It was Tom that/who I met Tom in the park yesterday. 強調地點狀語：It was in the park that I met Tom yesterday. 強調時間狀語：It was yesterday that I met Tom in the park. 練習一：寫作練習1、 小明是昨天才把這個消

13、息告訴我的。2、 我上次看見山谷里的是一輛自行車和一玩具熊。3、 昨晚你在公園里碰見了啥？4、 直到1925年他們才再次見面。5、 我剛才讀的不是魯迅寫的那篇文章。練習二：單句改錯 2. It is Mary that helped me in the last traffic accident. 3. It was ten last night that I knew the news, wasnt it? 4. What was it prevented him from coming in time?5. It was in the factory where they met for

14、the first time.（二）do/does/did+動詞原形概念說明：該結構是對謂語動詞的強調，僅限于對一般現在時和一般過去時兩種，僅對肯定的謂語動詞進行強調，沒有疑問和否定形式可理解成“確實、一定、務必”等意思。練習三：英漢互譯1. The boys and girls did do the cleaning yesterday.2. The young lady does read newspapers every evening.3. 我們確實給她提過一些建議，但她就是不聽。4. 出門之前，務必要把燈關了，把門關上。四、倒裝概念認識：倒裝是出于語法要求、行文需要或描寫生動等，把謂

15、語全部（全倒裝）放到主語之前，或把謂語的一部分，如助動詞、聯系動詞be、情態動詞等放到主語之前（部分倒裝或半倒裝）。練習一：朗讀理解1. There is a cup and two books on the desk.2. Now comes your turn.3. Away they went.4. Beyond the river lives an old fisherman.5. “Help! Help!” shouted the boy.6. What are you going to be?7. Only in this way an we finish the work.8.

16、Hero as he is ,he still has shortcomings.9. Were I not so busy, I should go with you.10. I saw the film last week, so did she. 重點講解：1. as 作“盡管”講，引導讓步狀語從句時，要采用倒裝語序，把表語、狀語或動詞原形提到句首，主謂順序不變。舉例：Child as he is,he can speak several languages. Much as I like it, Ill not take it. Try as he might ,he failed t

17、he exam completely.2. only后接副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句等狀語成分時，句子要倒裝。舉例：Only then did I realize the mistake.()Only before he arrive home had his parents finished the housework.()Only the sportsmen went there and realized their dreams. (×)3. 省略了if的條件句中，were ,had或should可提到句首構成部分倒裝。舉例：Were I not a Chinese, I woul

18、d go there and do everything so freely. Had he been here yesterday, he would have come to watch the football match.4. 與倒裝關聯的常見副詞有never, hardly, scarcely, barely, seldom, little, nowhere ,not once, not a word, here, there, now, then, such等。5. 幾種其他句型：So interesting was the book that he couldnt help reading it in class.No sooner had he got to his office than he got down to work. Hardly had I arrived when I had a new problem to deal with. Not until you told me did I realize I was wrong.May you all be happy! / May you succeed!練習二：單