1、精選優質文檔-傾情為你奉上長安大學資源學院英語文獻翻譯 學 院 地球科學與資源學院 專業 資源勘查工程 學生姓名 張桃 學 號 8 指導教師 張亞敏 2015年6月18日Title:Orthomagmatic ore depositsOne.Orthomagmatic ore depositsThe magma contains a certain number of metal and volatile components of the silicate melt. All kinds of magma after crystallization and differentiation,

2、make the forming materials dispersed in the magma gathered and formed deposits.And this deposits is called magmatic deposits.Magmatic deposits formed in the magmatic stage, the source of the material of the deposit is the main ore-bearing magma.Magmatic deposits is the product of the magma by crysta

3、llization and differentiation, and generally have the following properties:1、 Deposits have the mainly relationship with the mafic and ultramafic rocks.And a small number of magmatic deposits with alkaline rocks or magmatic carbonatite-related. Mineralization and diagenesis often begin at the same t

4、ime.And this is typical of syngenetic ore deposits. Few mineralization of the magmatic deposits may be continued to a later time, but generally does not exceed a total period of magmatic activity.2、 The magmatic deposits ore body majority present stratiform, lenticular and podiform and so on.And the

5、y produced in the magma body,and the wall rock of containing ore is the mother rock.Few cases,orebody presenting vein and stockwork enter the wall rock which outside of the mother rock Between the ore body and the wall rock generally is gradual change or rapid gradual change relationship.Only penetr

6、ation magmatic deposits have the clear boundaries with the wall rock.3、 Except the rare and rare earth elements deposits of the magmatic carbonatite due to special causes have some alteration about the wall rock,the vast majority of magmatic deposits surrounding rock does not have a significant alte

7、ration phenomenon.4、 The ore and the wall rock basically have the same mineral composition, when the useful minerals of the rock body aggregate and reach a certain size,they become the orebody.5、 The ore of magmatic deposits often have,disseminated,the banded,eye porphyritic,dense massive,brecciated

8、 and so on,ore structure.The ores structure can be broadly divided into the following categories: I.Structure sub-the different magmatic condensate crystalline or stacking interactions; II.Reflect the structure of the immiscible fluid crystallization process III.Reflect the changes in the structure

9、of the physical and chemical conditions.IV.Epigenetic structure.6、 The magmatic deposits forming temperature is high, generally between 1200 to 700 ° C. The mineralization depth changes,generally formed in the ground a few kilometers to tens of kilometers.Tow.The formation conditions of magmati

10、c depositsMagma deposits are mainly derived from the magma, it is the combined effects of the product by a variety of geological factors, which playing a leading role is the geochemistry of ore-forming elements traits, the magmatic rock conditions, tectonic conditions and physical and chemical condi

11、tions and so on.1、 Control the conditions of magmatic rocks formed by magmatic depositsMagma is the main provider of the metallogenic material of the magmatic deposits and the medium of containing mineral medium.Therefore,how much of the content of useful components of magma is the possibility of th

12、e formation of magmatic deposits.I.Magmatic rocks metallogenic specializationMetallogenic specialization of magmatic rocks in the genesis of magmatic rocks with endogenous deposits showed regular contact, and specific types of magmatic rocks are often produced specific types of deposits.a) With mafi

13、c and ultramafic intrusive rocks related depositsMafic and ultramafic rock is the complex igneous complex formed by the combination of a variety of rock types, rock types from a single rock composed of rock mass is relatively rare.The size of the rock mass ranging mostly small,and rock strains, rock

14、 cover, rock, bedrock is the most common form of the rock mass. With facies and the different combinations,the mafic and ultramafic rocks can be divided into three types.b)Mineral deposits associated with syenite, nepheline syenite and carbonate igneous complexRelating to magmatic deposits of these

15、rocks are mostly produced with the form of rock strain,the different components of rock mass facies zone often has ring distribution.II.The role of the volatile components in the magmaThe magma volatile components have the low melting point,highly volatile and they can delay the condensation rate of

16、 the magma, make the magma have more fully differentiation.III.Magmatic assimilation have an influence on the mineralization of the magma DepositsIV.Beyond one period of magma intrusion on control of the mineralization2、 Tectonic conditions that control the formation of magmatic depositsTectonics ha

17、ve a major impact on the type of magmatic deposits, distribution, the most magmatic deposits associated with mafic and ultramafic igneous rocks on the Causes and space. Mafic and ultramafic magma formed by partial melting of mantle material,so the deep fault cuts through the crust to reach the upper

18、 mantle have a strict control effect on the mafic, ultramafic rocks and magmatic deposits which have some relationship with them.Three.Magmatic deposits formation and its characteristics1、 The process of the magmas useful components analysis, aggregation and positioning is called magmatic mineraliza

19、tion. Because the magmatic deposits mafic - ultramafic petrogenesis process is very complex, the mineralization also is varied.According to the way and feature of the mineralization,magmatic mineralization can be divided into four categories,the crystallization differentiation mineralization, meltin

20、g away from the mineralization the magma eruption mineralization and magma eruption mineralization.When magma is condensed, with the temperature gradually decreased, the various mineral sequentially from which crystallized out, result in magma changing,and the magma changes in the composition promot

21、e the crystallization of certain components, liking magma composition changed with the crystallization process is called crystallization differentiation.2、 Magmatic liquation mineralization and liquation depositMagmatic liquation, also known as liquid separation action or immiscibility, refers to th

22、e the uniform composition magma melt with decreasing temperature and pressure separated into two components of different melt role.3、 Magmatic eruptions and effusive the Mineralization its depositMagma outbreak mineralization kimberlite magma, together with early crystallized olivine, pyrope, diamon

23、d crystals and xenoliths along deep faults,and rise rapidly emplaced at the surface produce 2 to 3 kilometers outbreak and the role of the deposit is formed.The magmatic eruption mineralization is the ore-bearing lava spray overflow to the surface or penetration into the crater near volcanic series

24、along certain channels, the the condensate accumulation of deposit formation. Formed deposits called magma eruption deposits.Four.Implications for researchMagmatic deposits having very important industrial significance, most of chromium, nickel, platinum group elements as well as a substantial porti

25、on of iron, copper, titanium, cobalt, phosphorus, niobium, tantalum and rare earth elements and other deposits are all from magmatic deposits in the world. Mineralization conditions, the genesis of magmatic deposits and distribution law is of great significance.題目：巖漿礦床一、巖漿礦床巖漿是含有一定數量金屬及揮發性組分的硅酸鹽熔融體。

26、各類巖漿通過結晶作用與分異作用，使分散在其中的成礦物質得以聚集而形成的礦床稱為巖漿礦床。巖漿礦床主要形成于巖漿階段，礦床的物質來源主要是含礦巖漿。巖漿礦床是巖漿結晶、分異作用的產物，普遍具有下列性質：1、 礦床主要與鎂鐵質、超鐵鎂質巖石有成因關系，少數巖漿礦床與堿性巖或巖漿碳酸巖有關。成礦作用和成巖作用往往是同時進行，屬于典型的同生礦床。少數巖漿礦床的成礦作用雖可延續到較晚的時間，但大體上不超過總的巖漿活動時期。2、 巖漿礦床中的礦體多數呈層狀、似層狀、透鏡狀、豆莢狀等產于巖漿巖體內，含礦圍巖即為母巖；少數情況下礦體呈脈狀、網脈狀進入母巖之外的圍巖中。礦體和圍巖之間一般為漸變或迅速漸變關系，只

27、有貫入式巖漿礦床和圍巖界線清楚。3、 除巖漿碳酸巖中的稀有、稀土元素礦床由于成因特殊而有一定的圍巖蝕變外，絕大多數巖漿礦床的圍巖不具有明顯的蝕變現象。4、 礦石的礦物成分和圍巖基本相同，當巖體內的有用礦物富集達到一定規模時就成為礦體。5、 巖漿礦床的礦石常具浸染狀、條帶狀、眼斑狀、致密塊狀以及角礫狀等礦石構造；礦石結構可大致分為以下幾類：I分異巖漿冷凝結晶或堆積作用的結構；II反映不混溶流體結晶過程的結構III反映物理化學條件變化的結構IV后生結構。6、 巖漿礦床的形成溫度較高，一般在1200700之間。成礦深度變化也較大，一般都形成于地下幾公里至幾十公里。2、 巖漿礦床的形成條件巖漿礦床主要

28、源于巖漿，是多種地質因素綜合作用的產物，其中起主導作用的是成礦元素的地球化學性狀、巖漿巖條件、大地構造條件和物理化學條件等。1、 控制巖漿礦床形成的巖漿巖條件巖漿是巖漿礦床成礦物質的主要提供者和攜帶成礦物質的介質，因此巖漿中有用組分含量的多少對能否形成巖漿礦床有重要影響。I巖漿巖成礦專屬性巖漿巖成礦專屬性是指巖漿巖與內生礦床間在成因上表現出有規律的聯系，一定類型的巖漿巖經常產有一定類型的礦床。A、 與鎂鐵質、超鎂鐵質侵入巖有關的礦床鎂鐵質、超鎂鐵質巖經常是由多種巖石類型組合而成的復雜的巖漿雜巖體，由單一巖石巖石類型構成的巖體較為少見。巖體的規模大小不等，以小型居多，形態以巖株、巖蓋、巖盤、巖床最常見。根據巖相和組合不同，鎂鐵質、超鎂鐵質巖可分為3個類型。B、與正長巖、霞石正長巖和碳酸雜巖體有關的礦床與巖漿礦床有關的這類巖石大多呈巖株狀產出，巖體內不同成分的巖相帶常呈環狀分布。II巖漿中揮發性組分的作用巖漿中揮發性組分的熔點低、揮發性強，能延緩巖漿的冷凝速度，使巖漿得到更充分的分異。III巖漿同化混染作用對巖漿礦床成礦的影響巖漿在其形成和向上運移的過程中，往往會熔化或溶解一些外來物質，從