1、Subject-Verb Agreement ( (主謂一致主謂一致)語法一致語法一致就近原則就近原則意義一致意義一致就遠原則就遠原則“主語主語+ 附屬結構附屬結構” 作主語，謂語與作主語，謂語與主語主語一一致致即主語是單數形式，謂語動詞用單即主語是單數形式，謂語動詞用單數形式，主語是復數形式，謂語也數形式，主語是復數形式，謂語也用復數形式。用復數形式。即主語形式上為單數，但意義為復數，即主語形式上為單數，但意義為復數，因此謂語動詞用復數形式；或主語形式因此謂語動詞用復數形式；或主語形式上為復數，但表示單數意義，這時謂語上為復數，但表示單數意義，這時謂語動詞用單數形式。動詞用單數形式。即謂語動

2、詞用單數形式還是用復數形式，即謂語動詞用單數形式還是用復數形式，取決于最靠近他的主語。取決于最靠近他的主語。語法一致語法一致即主語是單數形式，謂語動詞用單數即主語是單數形式，謂語動詞用單數形式，主語是復數形式，謂語也用復形式，主語是復數形式，謂語也用復數形式。數形式。語法一致：語法一致：1.當主語由當主語由and連結時，如果連結時，如果表示表示同一人同一人或或同一物同一物時，謂語動詞時，謂語動詞用用單數單數，此時，此時and后面的名詞無冠詞。后面的名詞無冠詞。 如如 表示表示不同不同的人或物時的人或物時, 謂語動詞用謂語動詞用復數，復數，此時此時and后面的名詞后面的名詞有冠詞。有冠詞。The

3、 worker and writer _(be) from Wuhan.那個工人兼作家那個工人兼作家 The worker and the writer _(be) from Beijing. 那位工人和那位作家那位工人和那位作家 is isareareThe League secretary and monitor _ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. was B. wereThe gift is used to have western meals.What is it?A knife and fork_(be) used to have

4、meals.isThe singer and dancer _(be) on the stage.isGoing out for a walk after supper is (be) a good habit.晚飯后出去散步是一個好習慣。晚飯后出去散步是一個好習慣。To see is (be) to believe.眼見為實。眼見為實。Whether well go depends (depend)on the weather. 我們是否去要取決于天氣的好壞。我們是否去要取決于天氣的好壞。2.動詞不定式動詞不定式(短語短語), 動名詞動名詞(短語短語), 或從句作主語時或從句作主語時, 謂語

5、謂語動詞常用動詞常用單數單數。例如：。例如： Something _ (has / have) gone wrong with my watch. Anybody who _ ( break / breaks) the rule will be punished. 3.不定代詞不定代詞somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等作主語，等作主語，謂語動詞用謂語動詞用單數單數形式形式;hasbreaksTwo pictures _

6、 （be) on the wall, which attract many people.On the wall _(be) two pictures, which attract many people.Their teacher _(stand) among the students, who is in her thirties.Among the students _ (stand) their teacher, who is in her thirties.4.倒裝句中的語法一致倒裝句中的語法一致arearestandsstands5 5、由分數或百分數、由分數或百分數+ +名詞作主

7、語時，謂語動詞的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞的 形式與形式與of of 后面的名詞的數一致后面的名詞的數一致 即分數或百分數即分數或百分數+of+of+不可數名詞不可數名詞或或單數單數名詞，名詞， 謂語動詞用謂語動詞用單數單數 分數或百分數分數或百分數+of+of+復數復數名詞，謂語動詞用名詞，謂語動詞用復數復數 Ten percent of Ten percent of the pupilsthe pupils _ absent today. _ absent today. Three-fourths of Three-fourths of the surface the surface of t

8、he earth _ sea.of the earth _ sea.areareis is意義一致意義一致即主語形式上為單數，但意義為復數，即主語形式上為單數，但意義為復數，因此謂語動詞用復數形式；或主語形式因此謂語動詞用復數形式；或主語形式上為復數，但表示單數意義，這時謂語上為復數，但表示單數意義，這時謂語動詞用單數形式。動詞用單數形式。 1.由集體名詞由集體名詞,如如group, family, class, government, team, public, enemy, crowd, audience, club, party, crew等作主語時等作主語時, ,如果看成一個整體，謂語

9、動詞用如果看成一個整體，謂語動詞用單數單數形式形式, ,如果看成其中各成員，則用如果看成其中各成員，則用復數復數形式形式. . His family isis very large.他家是一個大家庭。他家是一個大家庭。 His family areare music lovers.他的家人都是音樂愛好者。他的家人都是音樂愛好者。意義一致：意義一致：The group _ made up of nine students.The group_ dancing happily.is isareareThe team The team _ some good players. (have) some

10、 good players. (have)The team _ handsome. (be)The team _ handsome. (be)hashasareare Choose the correct verb form to complete the following sentences.1.The research group (is, are) made up of five people. 2.What (do, does) the group want for their lunch?3.Our family (is, are) not poor any more.4.He h

11、as to hurry. His family (is, are) waiting for him.5.The class (is, are) more than forty in number.isdoisareisNeither dog _ big. ( A. is B. are )Neither of them _ big. ( A. is B. are ) A Neither of the rabbits _ handsome. ( A. is B. are )A / BNeither rabbit _ handsome. ( A. is B. are )AA / B2.代詞作主語代詞

12、作主語neither ofnone of不可數名詞不可數名詞+可數名詞可數名詞neither + 單數名詞單數名詞 謂語動詞用謂語動詞用單數或復數單數或復數How to use none and neither謂語動詞用單數謂語動詞用單數謂語動詞用單數謂語動詞用單數3.Neither of us _ (was/were) ready when the party began.4. None of them _ (has/have) watched the talk show.have/haswas/were 1.None of these people _ doctors. A. has B.

13、 have C. are D. was 2.Neither of them _ a good singer. A. was B. is C. were D. is used to beCB3.表示時間、距離、金錢等復數名詞作主語，表達表示時間、距離、金錢等復數名詞作主語，表達一個整一個整體概念體概念時時, 謂語動詞則用單數形式謂語動詞則用單數形式;Two years _ passed since I left Ningbo;One million dollars _ a great sum of money.1.Every means _ been tried since then.A.has

14、 B. have C. are D. is 2. No news _ good news. (is / are)3. Maths / physics _ the subject that I like most. (is / are)4.以以-s 結尾的名詞本身不表示復數意義，謂語通常用單數結尾的名詞本身不表示復數意義，謂語通常用單數形式，如形式，如news, maths, physics, the United States ,works等等作主語作主語, 謂語動詞用單數形式謂語動詞用單數形式;hasisisishase.g. Tom is one of the students who_(

15、be) good at playing football.Tom is the only one of the students who_ good at playing football.areis 注意注意 在在“one of+ +復數名詞復數名詞+ +關系代詞關系代詞” ” 的結構中，定語從句中謂語動詞用復的結構中，定語從句中謂語動詞用復 數形式；但是若前有數形式；但是若前有the only, , 將其限定為只將其限定為只有一個時有一個時, ,謂語動詞用單數形式謂語動詞用單數形式. .5.thetheadj.adj.作主語作主語 thetheadj.adj., ,表示表示一類人一類人，謂

16、語動詞用，謂語動詞用復數復數，如，如the old, the old, the young, the rich, the poorthe young, the rich, the poor等等 the+ the+ adj.,adj.,表示表示某個人某個人或或一類抽象的事物一類抽象的事物，謂語動詞用，謂語動詞用單數單數，如，如the beautiful, the goodthe beautiful, the good等等 The old _ taken good care of in our society.The old _ taken good care of in our society.

17、 The rich _ for the decision but the poor The rich _ for the decision but the poor areare against against it.it. The wounded _ a young boy.The wounded _ a young boy. The beautiful _not always the same as the good.The beautiful _not always the same as the good.arearearearewaswasis is就近原則就近原則即謂語動詞用單數形

18、式還是用復數形式，即謂語動詞用單數形式還是用復數形式，取決于最靠近他的主語。取決于最靠近他的主語。就近原則：就近原則：Or , either or , not .but , neither nor Not only but also , whether or Either you or I am going to answer his questions.Not only he but also his brothers have been To the USA.1. 我們教室里有一臺電視機和56張桌子.There are 56 desks and one television in our

19、classroom.There is one television and 56 desks in our classroom.存在句: There be . 結構 Here There+Verb A and B A , B and CNot only you but also he _ wrong. (is/are)Neither you nor he _ right. (is/are)There _ two shops and a cinema beside the railway station. (is/are)Here _ a map and a handbook for you.

20、(is/are)isisareis_1One or two days _ enough to see the city Ais Bare Cam Dbe 2Not the teacher，but the students _ looking forward to seeing the film Ais Bare Cam Dbe3. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another A. is B. are Cam Dbe4. Neither my wife nor I myself

21、 _ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind Ais B. are Cam Dbe5. Either she or you_ going to visit Beijing.A. is B. are Cam Dbe6. Many a man_ the story.A. believes B. believe 7.More than one man _died in the accident.A. has B. have 8.More than five men _died in the accident.A. has B. have 注：注

22、：Many a/an + 名詞或名詞或more than one+名詞名詞作主語時，謂語用單數。作主語時，謂語用單數。就遠原則就遠原則“主語主語+ 附屬結構附屬結構” 作主語，謂語與作主語，謂語與主語主語一致一致當主語后面跟有當主語后面跟有as well as, as much as, no less than, along with,with ,like, rather than, together with , but , except, besides, ,including等引導的詞組時，其謂語動詞的等引導的詞組時，其謂語動詞的單、復數由主語的單、復數而定。單、復數由主語的單、復數而定

23、。1. The teacher with two students _ at the meeting . (was / were)2.E-mail, as well as the telephones, _ an important part in daily communication.A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play wasA就遠原則就遠原則 A A 謂語動詞與第一個主語謂語動詞與第一個主語A A保持一致保持一致 All All butbut one _(be) here just now. one _(be) here

24、 just now. A library A library with with five thousand books _(be) offered to the five thousand books _(be) offered to the nation as a gift.nation as a gift. A peasant A peasant together withtogether with some soldiers some soldiers _(be)_(be) about to help about to help us.us.withwithalong withalon

25、g withtogether withtogether withbesidesbesidesbutbutexceptexceptincludingincludingas well asas well asrather thanrather than Bwerewereis isis is1Nobody but Betty and Mary _ late for class yesterday Awas Bwere Chas been Dhave been2A woman with some children _ soon Ais coming Bare coming Chas come Dha

26、ve come3. Everything, including the clothes, _ stolen that evening. A. is B. was C. are D. were7No one except my parents _ anything about this。 Aknow Bknows Cis known Dare known8The teacher as well as the students _ the book already Ahas read Bhave read Care reading Dis reading9All but one _ in the

27、accident Awas killed Bwere killed Cwill be killed Dare killed Exercises 1Not the teacher，but the students _ looking forward to seeing the film Ais Bare Cam DbeExercises:2. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be 3. A library with five thousand books _to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered4. When and where to build t