1、祈使句一 祈使句的用法。1. 祈使句的概念。祈使句表命令、警告、提醒、建議、請(qǐng)求、叮囑、號(hào)召等，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形。主語(yǔ)you通常省略，句末用感慨號(hào)或句號(hào)，例如：Knock at the door before entering, please!進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)請(qǐng)敲門(mén)！建議Look out! There is a train coming.注意！火車(chē)來(lái)了!提醒Wear strong shoes as we shall do a lot of walking.請(qǐng)穿結(jié)實(shí)的鞋子，因?yàn)槲覀円咴S多的路。叮囑Put on your coat at once. We must hurry.立刻穿上衣服，我們必須快點(diǎn)命令

2、Give blood if you can and many lives will be saved.如果你能，來(lái)獻(xiàn)血吧，這會(huì)挽救很多人的生命。號(hào)召2. 祈使句的分類(lèi)。祈使句分為第二人稱(chēng)祈使句，第一人稱(chēng)祈使句和第三人稱(chēng)祈使句。二第二人稱(chēng)祈使句是以聽(tīng)話人為祈使對(duì)象的祈使句，通常用來(lái)向聽(tīng)話者發(fā)出命令，提出要求或建議。這種祈使句的主語(yǔ)you通常不表示出來(lái)，而是已動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭，例如：Keep quiet, please!Open the door, please!Hurry up!3. 第一人稱(chēng)祈使句是一 第一人稱(chēng)代詞作為祈使句的對(duì)象，這類(lèi)祈使句通常是以let為引導(dǎo)詞表示建議。句子結(jié)構(gòu)為let+me/

3、us+動(dòng)詞原形，例如：Lets go out and play！讓我們出去玩吧。Lets play a guessing game!我們來(lái)玩猜謎游戲吧。Let me have a look!讓我來(lái)看一看。Let me tell you!讓我來(lái)告訴你。4. 第三人稱(chēng)祈使句是以第三人稱(chēng)代詞或者名詞等作為祈使的對(duì)象，以let為引導(dǎo)詞，句子結(jié)構(gòu)為let+him/her/it/them/名詞+動(dòng)詞原形，例如：Let him be here by 10 oclock.讓他十點(diǎn)前來(lái)這兒。Let her do it by herself.讓他10點(diǎn)前來(lái)這兒。Let it go.讓它去吧。典型例題用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的

4、適當(dāng)形式填空。Tom,_(do) the homework now.解題思路：該題句首Tom 后面有個(gè)逗號(hào)，說(shuō)明是對(duì)Tom說(shuō)話，后面的 說(shuō)話內(nèi)容是一個(gè)祈使句，應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭，用do，意思是“Tom，現(xiàn)在做作業(yè)吧。”但是有的學(xué)生會(huì)忽略逗號(hào)。誤以為是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子，填成is doing.三否認(rèn)的祈使句。1.第二人稱(chēng)祈使句的否認(rèn)形式是在整個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)之前加dont或never,例如：Dont be nervous!你不要緊張!Dont make any noise!都別吵人了！Never be late again.別再遲到了。Please dont forget to take your medi

5、cine.請(qǐng)不要忘記吃藥。2.第一人稱(chēng)祈使句的否認(rèn)結(jié)構(gòu)。是在動(dòng)詞原形前面加not,句型為let me/us/ not do sth. 例如：Lets not waste our time arguing about it!咱們別浪費(fèi)時(shí)間爭(zhēng)論這事了！Lets not say anything about it!這事咱們誰(shuí)也別說(shuō)！Lets not go back late.3.第一人稱(chēng)祈使句的否認(rèn)結(jié)構(gòu)，是在其句首加didnt,例如：Dont let him play with the fire.讓他不要玩火！Dont let anyone come in.就讓任何人進(jìn)來(lái)！Dont let them

6、 play along the river.別讓他們?cè)诤舆呁妗?.“No+名詞或動(dòng)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)表示禁止，一般用于指示、標(biāo)牌、布告等，例如：No smoking!禁止吸煙！ No spitting!不準(zhǔn)隨地吐痰！No litter!不準(zhǔn)亂扔果皮紙屑！ No entry!不許入內(nèi)！No thoroughfare!禁止通行！ No painting on the wall!墻上不準(zhǔn)涂寫(xiě)！No admittance except on business!非公莫人！典型例題將以下祈使句改成否認(rèn)句。(1)Lets fly kites now._解題思路：第一人稱(chēng)祈使句的否認(rèn)結(jié)構(gòu)，在動(dòng)詞原形前面加not, 句

7、型為L(zhǎng)et me/us not do sth.(2)Let him stay at home alone. _第三人稱(chēng)祈使句的否認(rèn)結(jié)構(gòu)，是在其句首加dont. 不要和第一人稱(chēng)祈使句的否認(rèn)結(jié)構(gòu)混淆起來(lái)。用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。(1)Alice, _ (not be) sad about it.解題思路：該題句首Alice 后面有個(gè)逗號(hào)，說(shuō)明是對(duì)Alice 說(shuō)話，后面的說(shuō)話內(nèi)容是個(gè)祈使句，括號(hào)里“not be”提示為祈使句的否認(rèn)形式，填dont be,意思是 “Alice,不要為此而難過(guò)了?！钡怯械膶W(xué)生會(huì)忽略逗號(hào)，填成isnt.過(guò)關(guān)演練I連詞成句。001.please, after , read,

8、 me_002.down, sit, please._003. here, come, and, the, blackboard, clean_004.there, go, and , stand, please_ 005.the, window, close, please _ 006.Dad, me, a yo-yo, buy, please _ 007.to, listen, me, carefully, please_ 008.play,lets. hide-and-seek_ 009.not, make, lets, mistakes, any_010.be,dont late, c

9、lass , for_011.Mum, me, give, some, cookies, please _012.let,them, dont, play, the, along, river _013.anyone, dont, let, in, come_014.up, hurry, or, be, youll, late_015.turn, the, electric, fan, on, please _II將以下祈使句改成否認(rèn)句。016.Stop, please._017.Give her a hamburger._018.Brush your teeth now._019.Run a

10、round the house._020.Let the baby laugh._021.Let the bird fly away._022.Let the dog stay in the cage._023.Lets get ready for the picnic._024.Lets watch TV after supper._025.Lets cross the road together._026.Make the bed now._027.Put on your new shoes._028.Let them finish their work now._030.Let him

11、do it by himself._III.將以下祈使句改成肯定句。031.Dont go there with them._032.Dont take a sandwich with you._033.Dont take him to the funfair with tomorrow._034.Dont turn on the TV._035.Dont feed the bird._036.Dont wait for me._037.Dont let her open the window._038.Dont let them eat the sweet._039.Lets not tal

12、k about the movie._040.Lets not walk around the tree._IV照樣子寫(xiě)句子。例如：Dont smoke.No smoking. 041.Dont walking on the grass. _042.Dont make noise. _043.Dont litter. _044.Dont swim here. _045.Dont feed the animal. _046.Dont touch. _047.Dont climb the tree. _048.Dont paint on the wall. _049.Dont jump off t

13、he wall. _050.Dont pick flowers. _051.Dont take photos. _052.Dont eat or drink here. _053.Dont shout. _V.用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。054.Dinner is ready._ (lay) the table, please.055._(give) me some water, please!056._ (fill)the form, please, and_ (sign) your name here.057.Mary ,_ (do) the washing up, please.058.

14、Mum,_ (not be) worry. Ill _(be) fine.059.Lets _ (not make) any mistakes.060._ let the dog_ (not follow)me.061. Lets _ (not, chase) the dog. Its dangerous.062.Lily and Lucy, _ (make) yourselves at home, please.063.Tom,_ (help) yourself to some fruit.064.Norman, _ (take) off your coat if you feel hot.

15、065.Lets _(be) friends and _(keep) in touch.VI.選擇填空。( )066._ me the book, please.A. PassB. Passing CTo pass( )067._ make any noise. They are having an exam.A. NotB. NoC Dont( )068.Lets _ camping this weekend.A. goB. going C to go( )069._ let him _ computer games. Its bad for his eyes.A. Not, playB.

16、Dont, playC. No, playing( )070._ with fire. Its dangerous.A. Dont playB. PlayC. Not play( )071.Jack,_ paper plane for me now.A. makesB. makeC. is making( ) 072.Dad, _ at home.A. doesnt smokeB. isnt smokingC. dont smoke( )073.Lets _ blow bubbles at home.A. dontB. notC .no( )074.Please go with us,_?A.

17、 dont youB. will youC. wont you( )075.Let me help you,_?A. wont youB. will youC. will I ( )076.Let s take a walk. _?A. shall weB. will youC. wont you( ) 077.Work hard, _ you cant pass the exam.A. andB. butC. or( ) 078.Go straight ahead,_ you will see the bank.A. andB. butC. or( ) 079.Put on your coa

18、t, _ you will catch a cold.A. soB. orC. and( ) 080.Read more, _ you will know a lot.A. andB. soC. orVII.用祈使句改寫(xiě)以下句子，并保持意思不變。081.You mustnt eat or drink in class._082.You mustnt play football in the street._083.You must listen to the teacher carefully in class._084.You must finish your homework on time every day._085.You cant take photos in the museum._086.You cant climb the trees in the park._087.You cant swim in the lake._088.You cant jump off the wall._089.You mu