1、祈使句一 祈使句的用法。1. 祈使句的概念。祈使句表命令、警告、提醒、建議、請求、叮囑、號召等，謂語動詞用原形。主語you通常省略，句末用感慨號或句號，例如：Knock at the door before entering, please!進來時請敲門！建議Look out! There is a train coming.注意！火車來了!提醒Wear strong shoes as we shall do a lot of walking.請穿結(jié)實的鞋子，因為我們要走許多的路。叮囑Put on your coat at once. We must hurry.立刻穿上衣服，我們必須快點命令

2、Give blood if you can and many lives will be saved.如果你能，來獻血吧，這會挽救很多人的生命。號召2. 祈使句的分類。祈使句分為第二人稱祈使句，第一人稱祈使句和第三人稱祈使句。二第二人稱祈使句是以聽話人為祈使對象的祈使句，通常用來向聽話者發(fā)出命令，提出要求或建議。這種祈使句的主語you通常不表示出來，而是已動詞原形開頭，例如：Keep quiet, please!Open the door, please!Hurry up!3. 第一人稱祈使句是一 第一人稱代詞作為祈使句的對象，這類祈使句通常是以let為引導詞表示建議。句子結(jié)構(gòu)為let+me/

3、us+動詞原形，例如：Lets go out and play！讓我們出去玩吧。Lets play a guessing game!我們來玩猜謎游戲吧。Let me have a look!讓我來看一看。Let me tell you!讓我來告訴你。4. 第三人稱祈使句是以第三人稱代詞或者名詞等作為祈使的對象，以let為引導詞，句子結(jié)構(gòu)為let+him/her/it/them/名詞+動詞原形，例如：Let him be here by 10 oclock.讓他十點前來這兒。Let her do it by herself.讓他10點前來這兒。Let it go.讓它去吧。典型例題用括號內(nèi)動詞的

4、適當形式填空。Tom,_(do) the homework now.解題思路：該題句首Tom 后面有個逗號，說明是對Tom說話，后面的 說話內(nèi)容是一個祈使句，應該用動詞原形開頭，用do，意思是“Tom，現(xiàn)在做作業(yè)吧。”但是有的學生會忽略逗號。誤以為是現(xiàn)在進行時的句子，填成is doing.三否認的祈使句。1.第二人稱祈使句的否認形式是在整個結(jié)構(gòu)之前加dont或never,例如：Dont be nervous!你不要緊張!Dont make any noise!都別吵人了！Never be late again.別再遲到了。Please dont forget to take your medi

5、cine.請不要忘記吃藥。2.第一人稱祈使句的否認結(jié)構(gòu)。是在動詞原形前面加not,句型為let me/us/ not do sth. 例如：Lets not waste our time arguing about it!咱們別浪費時間爭論這事了！Lets not say anything about it!這事咱們誰也別說！Lets not go back late.3.第一人稱祈使句的否認結(jié)構(gòu)，是在其句首加didnt,例如：Dont let him play with the fire.讓他不要玩火！Dont let anyone come in.就讓任何人進來！Dont let them

6、 play along the river.別讓他們在河邊玩。4.“No+名詞或動名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)表示禁止，一般用于指示、標牌、布告等，例如：No smoking!禁止吸煙！ No spitting!不準隨地吐痰！No litter!不準亂扔果皮紙屑！ No entry!不許入內(nèi)！No thoroughfare!禁止通行！ No painting on the wall!墻上不準涂寫！No admittance except on business!非公莫人！典型例題將以下祈使句改成否認句。(1)Lets fly kites now._解題思路：第一人稱祈使句的否認結(jié)構(gòu)，在動詞原形前面加not, 句

7、型為Let me/us not do sth.(2)Let him stay at home alone. _第三人稱祈使句的否認結(jié)構(gòu)，是在其句首加dont. 不要和第一人稱祈使句的否認結(jié)構(gòu)混淆起來。用動詞的適當形式填空。(1)Alice, _ (not be) sad about it.解題思路：該題句首Alice 后面有個逗號，說明是對Alice 說話，后面的說話內(nèi)容是個祈使句，括號里“not be”提示為祈使句的否認形式，填dont be,意思是 “Alice,不要為此而難過了。”但是有的學生會忽略逗號，填成isnt.過關(guān)演練I連詞成句。001.please, after , read,

8、 me_002.down, sit, please._003. here, come, and, the, blackboard, clean_004.there, go, and , stand, please_ 005.the, window, close, please _ 006.Dad, me, a yo-yo, buy, please _ 007.to, listen, me, carefully, please_ 008.play,lets. hide-and-seek_ 009.not, make, lets, mistakes, any_010.be,dont late, c

9、lass , for_011.Mum, me, give, some, cookies, please _012.let,them, dont, play, the, along, river _013.anyone, dont, let, in, come_014.up, hurry, or, be, youll, late_015.turn, the, electric, fan, on, please _II將以下祈使句改成否認句。016.Stop, please._017.Give her a hamburger._018.Brush your teeth now._019.Run a

10、round the house._020.Let the baby laugh._021.Let the bird fly away._022.Let the dog stay in the cage._023.Lets get ready for the picnic._024.Lets watch TV after supper._025.Lets cross the road together._026.Make the bed now._027.Put on your new shoes._028.Let them finish their work now._030.Let him

11、do it by himself._III.將以下祈使句改成肯定句。031.Dont go there with them._032.Dont take a sandwich with you._033.Dont take him to the funfair with tomorrow._034.Dont turn on the TV._035.Dont feed the bird._036.Dont wait for me._037.Dont let her open the window._038.Dont let them eat the sweet._039.Lets not tal

12、k about the movie._040.Lets not walk around the tree._IV照樣子寫句子。例如：Dont smoke.No smoking. 041.Dont walking on the grass. _042.Dont make noise. _043.Dont litter. _044.Dont swim here. _045.Dont feed the animal. _046.Dont touch. _047.Dont climb the tree. _048.Dont paint on the wall. _049.Dont jump off t

13、he wall. _050.Dont pick flowers. _051.Dont take photos. _052.Dont eat or drink here. _053.Dont shout. _V.用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當形式填空。054.Dinner is ready._ (lay) the table, please.055._(give) me some water, please!056._ (fill)the form, please, and_ (sign) your name here.057.Mary ,_ (do) the washing up, please.058.

14、Mum,_ (not be) worry. Ill _(be) fine.059.Lets _ (not make) any mistakes.060._ let the dog_ (not follow)me.061. Lets _ (not, chase) the dog. Its dangerous.062.Lily and Lucy, _ (make) yourselves at home, please.063.Tom,_ (help) yourself to some fruit.064.Norman, _ (take) off your coat if you feel hot.

15、065.Lets _(be) friends and _(keep) in touch.VI.選擇填空。( )066._ me the book, please.A. PassB. Passing CTo pass( )067._ make any noise. They are having an exam.A. NotB. NoC Dont( )068.Lets _ camping this weekend.A. goB. going C to go( )069._ let him _ computer games. Its bad for his eyes.A. Not, playB.

16、Dont, playC. No, playing( )070._ with fire. Its dangerous.A. Dont playB. PlayC. Not play( )071.Jack,_ paper plane for me now.A. makesB. makeC. is making( ) 072.Dad, _ at home.A. doesnt smokeB. isnt smokingC. dont smoke( )073.Lets _ blow bubbles at home.A. dontB. notC .no( )074.Please go with us,_?A.

17、 dont youB. will youC. wont you( )075.Let me help you,_?A. wont youB. will youC. will I ( )076.Let s take a walk. _?A. shall weB. will youC. wont you( ) 077.Work hard, _ you cant pass the exam.A. andB. butC. or( ) 078.Go straight ahead,_ you will see the bank.A. andB. butC. or( ) 079.Put on your coa

18、t, _ you will catch a cold.A. soB. orC. and( ) 080.Read more, _ you will know a lot.A. andB. soC. orVII.用祈使句改寫以下句子，并保持意思不變。081.You mustnt eat or drink in class._082.You mustnt play football in the street._083.You must listen to the teacher carefully in class._084.You must finish your homework on time every day._085.You cant take photos in the museum._086.You cant climb the trees in the park._087.You cant swim in the lake._088.You cant jump off the wall._089.You mu