1、第1頁Unit 10 Money語法篇1、不定代詞。2、不定式。一，不定代詞1.some/any/no1some, any 作一些，某個”講，表示不確定的或未知的數量數目，可用在可數名詞和不可數名詞前。some 通常用于肯定陳述句中，any 用于否定句，疑問句或條件狀語從句中。例： She picked some flowers from the garden.Do you have any money with you?2some 可用在表示邀請或請求的句子中，表示希望對方給予肯定回答。例： May I ask you some questions?3any 用于肯定句中，表示“任何（一個）

2、的” 。例： You may come at any time.4no=not a/not any,作定語，后跟可數名詞或不可數名詞。例： I have no choice.2.A lot of/lots of/plenty of/many/much1a lot of, lots of, plenty of 意為“許多，大量的”，可用于可數名詞復數和不可數名詞前。例： A lot of people say that they live for no purpose.You need to wear lots of warm clothes.There is plenty of time.2m

3、any 后跟可數名詞復數，much 后跟不可數名詞。例： He speaks some Chinese, but not much.How many people are there in the room?3.all/none; both/neither; either1all 指三個或三個以上的人或事物，both 指兩個人或物，在句中都可作主語，賓語，表語，同位語或定語。例： We are all students.All of us should work hard.2both 和 all 都可直接修飾名詞。名詞前有限定詞時，其前只能用both of 或 all of。例： Both o

4、f brothers are clever.3neither 意為“（兩者）都不” ；none 意為“沒有人,一個也沒有” ；either 表示“兩者之一”或“者中的）任何一個”，用于單數名詞，of+賓格人稱代詞或帶限定詞的復數名詞前，作主語，賓語或 定語。第2頁例： Neither of us is a doctor.None of the books are helpful.Here are two brushes. Use either.4.Another/other/the other/the others1another 表示三者或三者以上中的另一個，意思是“再一，又一”。一般接可數

5、名詞單數。例： Lucy, would you like another cake?2other 泛指其他的，另外的”，可接復數名詞；復數形式others 表示另一些”，相當于 other+名詞。例： Do you have any other questions?Some are carrying water, others are watering the tree.3the other 指兩者中的另一個”，常與 one 連用，構成 onethe other 結構；the others 特制一定范 圍內的“其余的人或物” 。例： Mr. and Mrs. Shute have two ch

6、ildren. One is a daughter, and the other is a son.I have got ten pencils. Two of them are red, the others are blue.二，不定式動詞不定式是一種非謂語動詞形式，其結構為“to+動詞原形”，其中 to 是動詞不定時的符號。動詞不定式沒有人稱和數的變化。不定式具有動詞的特征，可和后面的名詞等構成不定式短語；不定式 具有名詞，形容詞和副詞的作用，可以在句子中作主語，表語，賓語，補足語，定語，狀語。1.不定式作主語：1不定式作主語，表示特指的一次性動作。To say is one thing

7、; to do is another.2為了避免句子的頭重腳輕，可以用it 作形式主語，而把真正的主語一動詞不定式（短語）放在句子的后部。It is not easy to learn English well.2.不定式作賓語：1英語中 agree, ask, aim, arrange, choose, decide, demand, expect, fail, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan,prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, wish 等動詞后需接不定式作賓語。The government decided t

8、o rebuild the damage bridge.2decide, know, consider, forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell等動詞后常接“疑問詞 +不定式”作賓語。The driver wondered how to start the car in such a cold morning.3.不定式作表語1不定式作表語一般表示具體動作，特別是表示將來的動作。第3頁My wish is to join the army after gradua

9、tion.2如果主語是不定式，表示條件，表語也應用不定式，表示結果。To see is to believe.3如果主語的中心詞是 aim, duty, hope, idea, happiness, job, plan, problem, wish 等，或是以 wish 引導 的名詞性從句，不定式作表語對其作補充說明。His job is to feed animals.4.不定式作賓語補足語：英語中 advise, allow, ask, beg, encourage, expect, force, forbid, get, order, permit, persuade, require,

10、 teach,tell, want, wish, warn 等動詞后常接不定式作賓語補足語，且不定式符號 to 不能省略。 She asked me toaccompany her to the airport.不定式在動詞 let, make, feel, hear, see, observe 等后作賓語補足語時，不定式符號 to 需省略。 The accidentmade us realize that safety can t be ignored.3動詞 help 接動詞不定式作賓語不足語時，不定式符號 to 可省略也可不省略。After the dinner he helped hi

11、s mother (to) wash up the dishes.5.不定式作定語： 不定式作定語，一般都是作后置定語，修飾前面的名詞或代詞。1主謂關系，被修飾的名詞或代詞實際上是不定式的邏輯主語。We need some people to help pick apples.2動賓關系，被修飾的名詞或代詞是動詞不定式的邏輯賓語。I have many things to do. 同位關系，不定式是對其所修飾的名詞作解釋說明。We ve made a plan to spend the weekend.6.不定式作狀語： 不定式作狀語，可表示動作的目的，結果，原因，條件和方式。1to do,

12、in order to do, so as to do 都可表示目的，但 to do, in order to do 的位置既可在句首，又可在句 末；而 so as to do 只能放在句末。I left home at seven so as to/in order to be there on time.2表結果，不定式在下列結構中表示謂語動作的結果，不定時的動作一般在句子末尾。表示終結性的動詞 find, see, hear, learn, discover 的不定式， 常表示出乎意料的結果， 并且不定式前 常有never, only 等副詞修飾。He arrived in New Or

13、leans without a penny in his pocket only to find that there were no boats for South America.在“ so + adj./adv. +as + to do ”中。The scenery is so beautiful as to attract many people here every year.在adj./adv. + enough + to do”中。He ran fast enough to catch up with Li Lei.在“ too + adj./adv. (for sb.) + t

14、o do 中。 ”第4頁It s too much for me to absorb all at once.第5頁3表原因，不定式常在形容詞afraid, glad, pleased, sad, worried, sorrow, surprised, excited等后面說明主語的某種心情，情感所產生的原因。They are very glad to set foot on their homeland.例 1. They dont come to the book club any more, for _reasons for others.A. someB. allC. eitherD.

15、 both解析：句意：因為這樣或那樣的原因，他們不再來圖書俱樂部了。some 在此意為“某些，某種”。答案： A 。例 2. Neither side is prepared to talk to _unless we can smooth things over between them.A. othersB. the otherC. anotherD. one other解析：句意：除非我們能消除他們之間的矛盾，否則他們兩個人都不愿意和對方講話。此題考查代 詞用法。 others 沒有范圍，指別人； another 沒有范圍，指另一個； the other 指兩者中的另一方，根 據關鍵詞

16、neither （兩者都不）可以推斷出應用the other。答案： B。例 3. In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words _ in daily conversation.A. usingB. to useC. having usedD. used解析：句意：在有些語言中， 100 個詞就占了日常對話的50,。本題考查非謂語動詞作后置定語。use 和 words 是邏輯上的被動關系，而四個選項中只有D 項表示被動，即可推斷出正確答案。答案： D。例 4. The engine just won t start. Someti

17、mes seems _ wrong with it.A. to goB. to have goneC. goingD. having gone解析：句意：發動機就是啟動不起來。看來它是出毛病了。本題考查非謂語動詞作表語。Seem 后接不定式，排除 C 和 D 兩項，根據發動機不能啟動的事實說明發動機已經出現了問題，故排除A 項,即可推斷出正確答案。第6頁答案： B。例 5. （ 2019 北京豐臺高三一模） The road _ next week leads to Highway 62.A. buildingB. to buildC. to be builtD. built解析：句意：下星期

18、要修建的那條路通往62 號高速公路。Build 和句子謂語 leads 之間沒有連詞，故用 build 的非謂語動詞形式，且 the road 與 build 構成邏輯上的被動關系。 此外，根據 next week 可知， 動作還未發生，故用動詞不定式的被動形式作后置定語，即可推斷出正確答案。答案： C。基礎演練一，用 some 或 any 填空。1. When shall we go to look at the apartment? Make it _ day you like; it s all the same to me.2. Jane was asked a lot of ques

19、tions, but she didntanswer _ of them.3. Whats that? It smells great! Its milk tea. Would you like _?4. She gave _ of the meat to the cat.5. We did the job without _ difficulty.6. Drop in on me at _time.7. If he had read _ of those books, he would have known the answer.Keys：一， 1. any2. any3. some4. s

20、ome5. any6. any7. any鞏固提高一，單項選擇。1. He doesn t have _ furniture in his room-just an old desk.A. anyB. manyC. someD. much2.The two girls are getting on very well and share _ with each other.A. littleB. muchC. someD. none3.It s an either situation we can a new car this year or we can go on holiday but

21、we can tA. othersB. eitherC. eachD. both第7頁4.I ve lived in New York and Chicago, but don t like _ of them very much.A. eitherB. anyC. eachD. another5. John, when shall we meet again, Thursday of Friday?第8頁. I ll be off to London then.A. eitherB. NeitherC. Both D. None6.Larry asks Bill and Peter to g

22、o on a picnic with him, but _ of them wants to, because they havework to do.Keys：1-8. DBDAB CCB一，單項選擇。1.It s important for the figures _ regularly.A. to be updatedB. to have been updatedC. to updateD. to have updated2.Mary has trouble in speaking, which makes it difficult _ her thoughts and feelings

23、.A. expressB. expressingC. expressedD. to express3.He told me that his aim was _ a job around here to support himself while he studied in theuniversity these days.4.Passengers are permitted _ only one piece of hard luggage onto the plane.5.With so many problems _, Jack looks like a cat on a hot tin

24、roof.6.With so many things _ , I have to work late into the night.7.The ability _ an idea is as important as the ides itself.8.With the world changing fast, we have something new _ with all by ourselves every day.A. dealB. dealtC. to dealD. dealing9.Bird s singing is sometimes a warning to other bir

25、ds _ away.A. to stayB. stayingC. stayedD. stay10. The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy _ anything that happened to be on.7.You are a team star! Working with _ _ is really your cup of tea.A.bothB. eitherC. othersD. the other8.I felt so bad all day yesterday that I decided t

26、his morning I couldnt face _ day like that.A.otherB. anotherC. the otherD. othersA. either B. anyC. neither D. noneA. to getB. to be losingC. to be lostD. having lostA. to carryB. carryingC. to be carriedD. being carriedA. solvedB. to solveC. solvingD. to be solvedA. to deal withB. dealt withC. deal

27、ing withD. being dealt withA. expressingB. expressedC. to expressD. to be expressed第9頁11. Tom took a taxi to the airport, only _ his plane high up in the sky.A. findingB. to findC. being found D. to have found12. （2019 北京大興高三一模） The topic _ at tomorrows meeting is very important to all of us, soA. t

28、o watchB. watchingC. watchedD. to have watchedevery one should be here on tome.A. discussingB. discussedC. to be discussed D. discuss13.（2019 北京西城高三第一學期期末） _ the travelling needs of passengers. China RailwayCorporation has decided that people can book tickets 60 days in advanee.A. MeetB. To meetC. M

29、etD. Meet ing14.（2019 北京豐臺高三第一學期期末）People planted trees on the waste hills_ water and soilloss.A. to decreaseB. decreasingC. decreasedD. decrease15.（2019 北京石景山高三第一學期期末）Scotland voted against independenee; more than half of thepeople chose_ part of the Un ited Kin gdom.A. remai ningB. rema inedC. to

30、have rema inedD. to rema inKeys:一，1-15 DABAB BCCAA BCBAD，完形填空。7_, her classmates discover she really has a hun dred dressesGod, every child _8_ when I close the book.9_ a moment everything is quiet. Then a boy 10 in my ear,He shows me that he has half a fin ger 11.I turn him towards the class and pu

31、t my 12 on his shoulder. He is a bit 13.“ I I only havenine and a half fin gers.1” He han ds. “ Please don t laugh at me about it.” The stude nts becon15. Then onebe）y calls out,16who makes 17 of you, Ill kick them.“ Me , too ,” 1saysWhen the boy sees the class 19un ited （團結）,he is very 20and smiles

32、 at me1.A. withB. i nC. forD. use2.A. fruit shopB.bookshopC. flower shopD. toy shop3.A. hateB. compla inC. likeD. decorate4.A. veryB. tooC. soD. such5.A. expe nsiveB. sameC. differe ntD. moder n6.A. at schoolB. at homeC. in the factoryD. in the shopI set up a classroom library of books that I bought

33、like a _2_. And my students 3 it very much.I read the childre n a story. It is about a girl who isevery day. But she says she has a hun dred dress _61_my own mon ey. The library looks beautiful,4_poor that she wears the _5_ dress to schoolThe other girls laugh at her un til she goes away.- a hundred

34、 beautiful drawings of dresseI have to tell the class someth ing.第11頁7.A. LaterB. BeforeC. AgoD. Late8. A. runsB. shoutsC. playsD. cries9. A. ForB. SinceC. OnD. With10. A. speaksB. talksC. tellsD. says11. A. missingB. losingC. disappearedD. appeared12. A. headB. handsC. heartD. face13. A. worriedB. sadC. nervousD. excited14. A. puts downB. puts onC. puts