1、Ch 1. 水動力彌散的基本概念 2hCh 2. 水動力彌散方程 2h Ch 3. 水動力彌散系數 2h 中文書籍（參見課本）。中文書籍（參見課本）。English books: J. Bear, Dynamics of fluids in porous media. D. K. Todd，Groundwater Hydrology. C. W. Fetter, Applied Hydrogeology. de Marsily, Quantitative Hydrogeology, 1986 R. Bird, W.E. Stewart & E.N. Lightfoot, Transpo

2、rt Phenomena不混溶流體、可混溶流體示蹤劑 (Tracer)水動力彌散現象水動力彌散機理研究水動力彌散的意義不混溶流體、突變界面、毛細壓力、多相流可混溶流體（溶液）、無突變界面驅替 （驅趕并代替，displacement）水動力彌散：可混溶流體的驅替 Activities of 226Ra (d.p.m. per 100L) measured in surface waters of the South Atlantic Bight from 8 to 11 July 1994. d.p.m.: decays per minute (每分鐘衰變次數每分鐘衰變次數)環境同位素環境同位素

3、應用舉例：應用舉例：W. S. Moore,1996, Nature,380(18),212-214. SeaLand圖圖(c)的的觀測斷觀測斷面面圖圖(b)的的觀測斷觀測斷面面雷諾雷諾 (Reynolds) 試驗（層流）試驗（層流）雷諾雷諾 (Reynolds) 試驗（紊流）試驗（紊流） 不混溶流體、可混溶流體不混溶流體、可混溶流體 示蹤劑示蹤劑 (Tracer) 水動力彌散現象水動力彌散現象 指狀分支流指狀分支流宏觀均質微觀非均質Two-dimensional transparent Hele-Shaw cells: 160 60 0.3 cm3-layer system: Fine sa

4、nd on top, Homogeneous coarse sand in the middle, Inhomogeneous sand at the bottom. Infiltration flow rate on top: Close to the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the top sand After http:/www.iup.uni-heidelberg.de/institut/forschung/groups/ts/VDD*D *: molecular diffusion coefficient : tortuosity of

5、 porous media : dynamic dispersivityV : mean flow velocity zyxtzyxzyxVtzyxzyxVdd)d;,(),(1);,(),(00uu 不混溶流體、可混溶流體不混溶流體、可混溶流體 示蹤劑示蹤劑 (Tracer) 水動力彌散現象水動力彌散現象 指狀分支流指狀分支流Two-dimensional transparent Hele-Shaw cells: 160 60 0.3 cm3-layer system: Fine sand on top, Homogeneous coarse sand in the middle, Inho

6、mogeneous sand at the bottom. Infiltration flow rate on top: Close to the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the top sand After http:/www.iup.uni-heidelberg.de/institut/forschung/groups/ts/Some important processes affecting the fate of LNAPL:advection, dispersion, dissolution, biodegradationLNAPL: light nonaqueous phase liquidDNAPL: dense nonaqueous phase liquidRhc1Capillary tuberrrhc 111*In the soilA measure of soils t