1、2015年6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題（第1套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)(請(qǐng)于正式開(kāi)考后半小時(shí)內(nèi)完成該部分，之后將進(jìn)行聽(tīng)力考試)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and comment on the kids understanding of going to schoo

2、l. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.

3、Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B),C)and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through th

4、e centre.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。1. A）The woman should go on playing chess.B） He is willing to play chess with the woman.C) The woman has good reason to quit the game.D) He will give the woman some tips on the game.2. A) She would like to resume contact with Sally. B) The man can forward the mail to Mary.

5、C) She can call Mary to take care of the mail. D) Mary probably knows Sallys new address.3. A) He did not attend todays class. B) His notes are not easy to read.C) His handwriting has a unique style. D) He is very pleased to be able to help.4. A) The new restaurant is a perfect place for dating.B) T

6、he new restaurant caught her fancy immediately.C) The man has good taste in choosing the restaurant.D) The man had better choose another restaurant.5. A) He will help the woman put things away. B) He has been looking forward to spring.C) He has been waiting for the winter sale.D) He will clean the w

7、omans boots for spring.6. A) The woman often works overtime at weekends. B) The man often lends books to the woman.C) The man appreciates the womans help. D) The woman is rather forgetful.7. A) Take a sightseeing trip. B) Go to work on foot.C) Start work earlier than usual. D) Take a walk when the w

8、eather is nice.8. A)Temporary closing has disturbed the airports operation.B) The plane is going to land at another airport.C) All flights have been delayed due to bad weather.D) The airports management is in real need of improvement.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just hear

9、d.9. A) It specializes in safety from leaks. B) It is headquartered in London.C) It has a chemical processing plant. D) It has a partnership with LCP.10. A) He is a safety inspector. B) He is Mr. Grands friend.C) He is a chemist. D) He is a salesman.11. A) The public relation officer. B) Head of the

10、 personnel department.C) Mr. Grands personal assistant. D) Director of the safety department.12. A) Send a comprehensive description of their work.B) Provide details of their products and services.C) Leave a message for Mr. Grand.D) Wait for Mr. Grand to call back. Questions 13 to 15 are based on th

11、e conversation you have just heard.13. A) She listened to recordings of many European orchestras. B) She read a lot about European musicians and their music. C) She dreamed of working and living in a European country. D) She learned playing the violin from a famous French musician. 14. A) She was a

12、pupil of a famous European violinist. B) She gave her first performance with her father. C) She became a professional violinist at fifteen. D) She began taking violin lessons as a small child. 15. A) It was the chance of a lifetime. B) It gave her a chance to explore the city. C) It was a great chal

13、lenge to her. D) It helped her learn classical French music.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best

14、 answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。Passage One Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) There are mysterious stories behind his works. B) His p

15、ersonal history is little known. C) His works have no match worldwide. D) There are many misunderstandings about him. 17. A) He once worked in a well-known acting company. B) He moved to Stratford-on-Avon in his childhood. C) He failed to go beyond grammar school. D) He was a member of the town coun

16、cil. 18. A) People of his time had little interest in him. B) His works were adapted beyond recognition. C) Possible sources of clues about him were lost in a fire. D) Writers of his time had no means to protect their works.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

17、19. A) Theft. B) Air crash. C) Cheating. D) Road accidents. 20. A) Learn the local customs. B) Have the right documents. C) Book tickets well in advance.D) Make hotel reservations. 21. A) Contact your agent. B) Use official transport. C) Get a lift if possible. D) Have a friend meet you.Passage Thre

18、eQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) Cut down production cost. B) Refine the taste of his goods. C) Sell inexpensive products. D) Specialise in gold ornaments. 23. A) At a meeting of top British businesspeople. B) During a local sales promotion campaign. C) During

19、a live television interview. D) At a national press conference. 24. A) Discouraged. B) Distressed. C) Puzzled. D) Insulted. 25. A) He is not laughed at, that laughs at himself first. B) There should be a limit to ones sense of humor. C) He who never learns from the past is bound to fail. D) The word

20、s of some business people are just rubbish.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks wi

21、th the exact words you have just heard. Finally. When the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。Looking at the basic biology systems, the world is not doing very well. Yet economic indicators show the world is (26)_. Despite a slow start at the

22、beginning of the eighties, global economic output increased by more than a fifth during the (27)_. The economy grew, trade increased, and millions of new jobs were created. How can biological indicators show the (28)_ of economic indicators? The answer is that the economic indicators have a basic fa

23、ult: they show no difference between resources uses that (29)_ progress and those uses that will hurt it. The main measure of economic progress is the gross national product (GNP). (30)_, this totals the value of all goods and services produced and subtracts loss in value of factories and equipment.

24、 Developed a half-century ago, GNP helped (31)_ a common way among countries of measuring change in economic output. For some time, this seemed to work (32)_ well, but serious weakness are now appearing. As indicated earlier, GNP includes loss in value of factories and equipment, but it does not (33

25、)_the loss of natural resources, including nonrenewable resources such as oil or renewable resources such as forests. This basic fault can produce a (34)_ sense of national economic health. According to GNP, for example, countries that overcut forest actually do better than those that preserve their

26、 forest. The trees cut down are counted as income but no subtraction is made for (35)_ the forests.Part Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a wor

27、d bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank mor

28、e than once.Question 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Its our guilty pleasure: Watching TV is the most common everyday activity,after work and sleep, in many parts of the world. Americans view five hours of TV each day, and while we know that spending so much time sitting _36_ can lead to

29、 obesity(肥胖癥) and other diseases, researchers have now quantified just how_37_being a couch potato can be.In an analysis of data from eight large _38_published studies, a Harvard-led group reported in the Journal of the American Medical Association that for every two hours per day spent channel _39_

30、,the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes(糖尿病)rose 20% over 8.5 years, the risk of heart disease increased 15% over a _40_, and the odds of dying permaturely_41_ 13% during a seven-year follow-up .All of these_42_are linked to a lack of physical exercise. But compared with other sedentary(久坐的)activiti

31、es, like knitting ,viewing TV may be especially_43_at promoting unhealthy habits. For one, the sheer number of hours we pass watching TV dwarfs the time we spend on anything else. And other studies have found that watching ads for beer and popcorn may make you more likely to _44_them.Even so, the au

32、thors admit that they didnt compare different sedentary activities to _45_whether TV watching was linked to a greater risk of diabetes,heart disease or clearly death compared with, say, reading.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。A)climbed I)previouslyB)consume J)resumeC)decade K)sufferedD)determine L)sufferingE)effe

33、ctive M)termF)harmful N)terminalsG)outcomes O)twistingH)passively注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the infor

34、mation is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. Essay-Grading Software Offers Professors a BreakA Imagine taking a college exam, and, instead of handing in a blue book an

35、d getting a grade from a professor a few weeks later, clicking the “send” button when you are done and receiving a grade back instantly, your essay scored by a software program. And then, instead of being done with that exam, imagine that the system would immediately let you rewrite the test to try

36、to improve your grade.B EdX, the nonprofit enterprise founded by Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) to offer courses on the Internet, has just introduced such a system and will make its automated (自動(dòng)的) software available free on the Web to any institution that wants to use i

37、t. The software uses artificial intelligence to grade student essays and short written answers, freeing professors for other tasks.C The new service will bring the educational consortium (聯(lián)盟) into a growing conflict over the role of automation in education. Although automated grading systems for mul

38、tiple-choice and true-false tests are now widespread, the use of artificial intelligence technology to grade essay answers has not yet received widespread acceptance by educators and has many critics.D Anant Agarwal, an electrical engineer who is president of EdX, predicted that the instant-grading

39、software would be a useful teaching tool, enabling students to take tests and write essays over and over and improve the quality of their answers. He said the technology would offer distinct advantages over the traditional classroom system, where students often wait days or weeks for grades. “There

40、is a huge value in leaning with instant feedback,” Dr. Agarwal said. “Students are telling us they learn much better with instant feedback.”E But skeptics（懷疑者）say the automated system is no match for live teachers. One longtime critic, Les Perelman, has drawn national attention several times for put

41、ting together nonsense essays that have fooled software grading programs into giving high marks. He has also been highly critical of studies claiming that the software compares well to human graders.F He is among a group of educators who last month began circulating a petition（呼吁）opposing automated

42、assessment software. The group, which calls itself Professsionals Against Machine Scoring of Student Essays in High-Stakes Assessment, has collected nearly 2,000 signatures, including some from famous people like Noam Chomsky.G “Lets face the realities of automatic essay scoring,” the groups stateme

43、nt reads in part. “Computers cannot read. They cannot measure the essentials of effective written communication: accuracy, reasoning, adequacy of evidence, good sense, ethical(倫理的)position, convincing argument, meaningful organization, and clarity, among others.”.H But EdX expects its software to be

44、 adopted widely by schools and universities. It offers free online classes from Harvard, MIT and the University of Californian-Berkeley; this fall, it will add classes from Wellesley, Georgetown and the University of Texas. In all, 12 universities participate in EdX, which offers certificates for co

45、urse completion and has said that it plans to continue to expand next year, including adding international schools.I The EdX assessment tool requires human teachers, or graders, to first grade 100 essays or essay questions. The system then uses a variety of machine-learning techniques to train itsel

46、f to be able to grade any number of essays or answers automatically and almost instantly. The software will assign a grade depending on the scoring system created by the teacher, whether it is a letter grade or numerical(數(shù)字的)rank.J EdX is not the first to use the automated assessment technology, whi

47、ch dates to early computers in the 1960s. There is now a range of companies offering commercial programs to grade written test answers, and four statesLouisiana, North Dakota, Utah and West Virginiaare using some form of the technology in secondary schools. A fifth, Indiana, has experimented with it

48、. In some cases the software is used as a “second reader,”to check the reliability of the human graders.K But the growing influence of the EdX consortium to set standards is likely to give the technology a boost. On Tuesday, Stanford announced that is would work with EdX to develop a joint education

49、al system that will make use of the automated assessment technology.L Two start-ups, Coursera and Udacity, recently founded by Stanford faculty members to create “massive open online courses,”or MOOCs, are also committed to automated assessment systems because of the value of instant feedback. “It a

50、llows students to get immediate feedback on their work, so that learning turns into a game, with students naturally gravitating (吸引) toward resubmitting the work until they get it right,” said Daphne Koller, a computer scientist and a founder of Coursera.M Last year the Hewlett Foundation, a grant-m

51、aking organization set up by one of the Hewlett-Packard founders and his wife, sponsored two $100,000 prizes aimed at improving software that grades essays and short answers. More than 150 teams entered each category. A winner of one of the Hewlett contests, Vik Paruchuri, was hired by EdX to help d

52、esign its assessment software.N “One of our focuses is to help kids learn how to think critically,”said Victor Vuchic, a program officer at the Hewlett Foundation. “Its probably impossible to do that with multiple-choice tests. The challenge is that this requires human graders, and so they cost a lo

53、t more and they take a lot more time.”O(jiān) Mark D. Shermis, a professor at the University of Akron in Ohio, supervised the Hewlett Foundations contest on automated essay scoring and wrote a paper about the experiment. In his view, the technologythough imperfecthas a place in educational settings.P With

54、 increasingly large classes, it is impossible for most teachers to give students meaningful feedback on writing assignments, he said. Plus, he noted, critics of the technology have tended to come from the nations best universities, where the level of teaching is much better than at most schools.Q“Of

55、ten they come from very famous institutions where, in fact, they do a much better job of providing feedback than a machine ever could,”Dr. Shermis said. “There seems to be a lack of appreciation of what is actually going on in the real world.”注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。46. Some professionals in education are

56、 collecting signatures to voice their opposition to automated essay grading. 47. Using software to grade students essays saves teachers time for other work.48. The Hewlett contests aim at improving essay grading software.49. Though the automated grading system is widely used in multiple-choice tests

57、, automated essay grading is still criticized by many educators.50. Some people dont believe the software grading system can do as good a job as human graders.51. Critics of automated essay scoring do not seem to know the true realities in less famous universities.52. Critics argue many important aspects o