1、iinverision倒裝句I倒裝句基本句型在英語中，主語和謂語的語序通常是主語在前，謂語在后。但有時(shí)謂語的全 部或一部分卻提到主語的前面，這種語序叫做倒裝。倒裝的原因，一是語法結(jié)構(gòu)的需要， 一是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)。英語中出現(xiàn)的倒裝，主要出現(xiàn)在下面情況中。1. 在疑問句Is there anything good on?Do you see the big gate over there?2. 在there be結(jié)構(gòu)中（注意 be還可以換成表存在的動(dòng)詞live, stand, lie, come等）Then there is nothing to worry about.There sta nds a

2、tower in the p ark.3. 在以 here, there, out, in, up, down, away 等副詞開頭，謂語動(dòng)詞為 be, come, go, run, walk,rush, fall或者以then, now開頭，謂語動(dòng)詞為 come,主語又是名詞，主謂要完全倒裝。There goes the bell.Here comes Mr. Brow n.Out ran two little boys. Away walked the stra nger. Now comes your turn.Then came a new difficulty.注意：如果主語是代詞

3、，主謂不倒裝。Away he went.4. 直接引語的一部分或全部放在句首時(shí)，有時(shí)也用倒裝，“ Are you going to catch it yourselves? ” asked Mr. Cousins.She looks quiet eno ugh, does n'she?' said one of them.5. only所修飾的副詞，介詞短語或狀語從句放在句首時(shí)，主語用部分倒裝的形式。Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was miss ing.Only by work ing hard did he su

4、cceed.6. 含有否定意義的副詞 hardly ;n ever，not , no，not only，little， seldom，scarcely, no where, in no way, at no time, in no circumsta nces （決不） 或是含有否定意義的代詞 nothing; no body 等 放在句首時(shí)用部分倒裝的形式 .Never have I see n such beautiful views.Not a sin gle word did he sp eak at the meeti ng.Not only does he have to type

5、 out the an swer on a compu ter, but he also gets the compu ter to tran slate it into soun ds.Seldom do I go to the cin ema.No sooner had he got to the laboratory tha n he set out to do the exp erime nt.Nowhere else in the world can there be such a quiet, beautiful p lace.（或物）。其句型是：so + be7. 把副詞so放在

6、句首，表示前面所說的情況也適用于另一人（have,助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）+主語I'm a journ alist. So is my wife. I have a brother and so has she. They love havi ng lots of frien ds. So do those with disabilities. You must work hard and so must your brother.它的主語與上文主語相同。注意：“ so +主語+ do ”這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示對(duì)別人所說的情況加以肯定， so的意義相當(dāng)于in deed或certai niy,意為“不錯(cuò)

7、，對(duì)了"。例如：1）. -The stude nts work hard.-So they do. （= Certai nIy they work hard.）2). -Your father smoked a lot.-So he did. (= In deed he smoked a lot.)8. 把neither, nor放在句首，表示前面否定的內(nèi)容也適用于另一個(gè)人或物。其句型是： neither(nor)+be(have,助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 )+主語I have n ever heard of such a thi ng. Neither has she.She does n

8、'agree with you. Nor do I.I cannot work it out. Neither can he.9. 在so + adj. (adv.)+that從句的句子中，如果 so +adj. (adv.)放在句首，主句就要用部分倒 裝的形式。例如：So small was the mark that I could hardly see it.So quickly did the workme n finish their work that they were p raised by the boss.當(dāng)一個(gè)句子沒有賓語而主語又比較長(zhǎng)，為了保持句子平衡，或?yàn)榱藦?qiáng)

9、調(diào)表語或狀語，或 為了使上下文緊密銜接，可將狀語提到句子前頭，同時(shí)把謂語(通常是表示“存在”的概念 的動(dòng)詞)也放到主語的前面。開始這類句子的主要是介詞短語，有時(shí)也可以是副詞短語.例如： On the wall hangs a large map of China.East of the tow n lies a beautiful lake.They arrived at a house, in front of which sat a small boy.though 代替 as。10. as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，將后面的表語或狀語前置，此時(shí)可用11. 虛擬語氣中的倒裝：省略 if,把had,

10、 were, should提前。宀II倒裝句考點(diǎn)例析：I 考點(diǎn)一.強(qiáng)調(diào)否定狀語的倒裝句。 即將含有否定意義的副詞或連詞置于句首引起的部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。這類狀語seldom, rarely, little, few, at no time, by no means, no Ion ger, hardly/scarcely sooner tha n ,not only but also,notun til, mowtheire,nor 等。例 1. I ' ve tried very hard to improve mEnglish. But by no meanswith my progre

11、ss.（06年重慶卷）A. the teacher is not satisfiedB. is the teacher not satisfiedC. the teacher is satisfiedD. is the teacher satisfied解析：by no means意思是決不，在任何情況下都不”，放在句首，句子要用部分倒裝。例 2.Did Linda see the traffic accident?No, no soonertharit happened. （06 年天津卷 ）A had she gone B. she had gone C. has she gone D.

12、she has gone 解析：no soonerthan意為 一就”，no sooner所在的主句常用過去完成時(shí)，引導(dǎo)的從句用一般過去時(shí)，no表示否定意義。注意：not onlybut（also）連接兩個(gè)并列分句且包含否定意義的not only放于句首時(shí)，only后的分句要進(jìn)行部分倒裝，but （also）后的分句不倒裝。例 3. Not onlyin terested in football butbeg inning to show an in terest in it. （02海卷）A. the teacher himself is; all his stude nts areB. t

13、he teacher himself is; are all his stude ntsC. is the teacher himself; are all his stude ntsD. is the teacher himself; all his stude nts are考點(diǎn)二.Only+狀語/狀語從句置于句首時(shí)，主句要進(jìn)行部分倒裝。例 4. Only thenhow much damage had been caused. （06 年陜西卷）A. she realized B. she had realizedC. had she realized D. did she realiz

14、e解析：only位于句首修飾狀語then,全句要進(jìn)行部分倒裝， 般過去時(shí)態(tài)?？键c(diǎn)三.作狀語的介詞短語放于句首時(shí)引起的句子要全部倒裝。 有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)將作狀語的介詞短語放在句首，而將主語放到句末；或者當(dāng)句子中主語較長(zhǎng)時(shí),有：n ever,thatnot年上由then又知道此時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用為了使句子平衡，常以作狀語的介詞短語開頭。例 5. At the foot of the mountain.（06 四川卷）A. a village lieB. lies a villageC. does a village lie D.lying a village解析：介詞短語 at the foot of the

15、 mou ntai n 位于句首，句子用全部倒裝，其時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn) 在時(shí)態(tài)。例 6. Just in front of our housewith a history of 1,000 years. （06 年上海卷）A. does a tall tree sta nd sta nds a tall treeC. a tall tree is sta nding D. a tall tree sta nds解析：介詞短語位于句首，句子用全部倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。但當(dāng)主語為代詞時(shí)則不用倒裝。考點(diǎn)四.so/suchthat 結(jié)構(gòu)中的so, such連同它所修飾的成分共同位于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，主句要進(jìn)行部分倒裝。

16、例 7. So difficultit to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. （06 廣東卷）A. I did findB. did I findC. I have found D. have I found解析：so位于句首且so修飾difficult,主句部分進(jìn)行部分倒裝，整句為一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。 考點(diǎn)五.so/ neither/ nor表示前面所說的情況也適合于后者時(shí)用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)“s“neither/nor+助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語”（so表示肯定意義，neither/ nor表示否定意義）的形式。例

17、8. It ' s burning hot today, isn t it?Yes.yesterday. （0年福建卷）A. So was itB. So it wasC. So it isD. So is it解析:so在這里表示昨天的天氣情況也跟今天的一樣。故正確答案為例 9. I would n ever come to this restaura nt aga in. The food is terrible.B. Neither would I D. So do I. （04年全國(guó)卷川）A. Nor am IC. Same with me,第二句中也應(yīng)該用解析：前句表示否定，

18、則后句也應(yīng)表示否定，根據(jù)上一句的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞would。故正確答案為 B。“s&主語+助動(dòng)如:Well I do think the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal which can run very fast. （05但如果so表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，即強(qiáng)調(diào)前面所說的情況的真實(shí)性時(shí)，其結(jié)構(gòu)則是詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”的形式，這里的主語同前一個(gè)句子的主語指的是同一人或物。例 10.年遼寧卷）A So it isB. So is itC. So does it D. So it does解析：肯定前一句話中的賓語從句“the rabbit is a bea

19、utiful, gentle animal引導(dǎo)的句子不進(jìn)行倒裝，而且 so引導(dǎo)的句子中謂語動(dòng)詞要與該賓語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞相一致。故正確 答案為A。考點(diǎn)六.as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。即as引導(dǎo)的讓步從句中必須將表語或狀語提前（形容詞、副詞、分詞、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提前），構(gòu)成形, I have n ever see n anyone who ' s as cap able as Joh n （01 年上海卷）As long as I have traveled Now that I have traveled so muchMuch as I have traveledAs I have

20、traveled so much容詞/副詞/名詞/動(dòng)詞/分詞+as +主語+謂語的其它部分”的形式，有時(shí)用though代替as.例11.A.B.C.D.as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語C。解析：本題中從句與主句之間存在明顯的讓步關(guān)系，故需要選擇由 從句，并且要將副詞much提前進(jìn)行倒裝。故正確答案為使用as進(jìn)行倒裝時(shí)需要注意的是： 句首有名詞時(shí)，名詞不能帶任何冠詞。 句首是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其他助動(dòng)詞則放在主語之后。如果實(shí)義動(dòng)詞有賓語和狀語，則賓語和狀語隨實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起放在主語之前。如：Try hard as he will, he n ever seems able to do the work satisfac

21、torily.考點(diǎn)七.非真實(shí)條件句中的倒裝。即在非真實(shí)條件句中含有were, had, should等助動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可以將if省略，把助動(dòng)詞放在非真實(shí)條件句的句首的倒裝形式。your health care and other ben efits will not be immediately cut off.(06年湖北例 12.fired,B. Should you be D. Might you be卷）A. Would you beC. Could you be解析：該句中條件句為非真實(shí)條件句，省略if且表示與將來事實(shí)相反。故正確答案為 Ill倒裝句基本練習(xí)：I一、Correct the

22、following sentences if wrong:1. There is sta nding a high buildi ng at the corner.2. Here comes he.3. There sta nd an officer and some soldiers in front of the house.4. On the wall hangs two maps.5. Not only they broadcast the n ews immediately but also they were greatly excited.6. Such is our books

23、.7.1 became a uni versity stude nt last year and so was my sister.8. I know little En glish. So does he.9. Mary dislikes Tom. Nor does Jack.10. Only in this way you can lear n En glish well.11. Only do my parents really un dersta nd me in the world.12. The doctor talked about his research for an hou

24、r, but not a word Joh n un derstood.13. It was not un til did his father come in that the boy bega n to prepare his less ons.14. Neither has he called on her, nor will he do so.15. No sooner did we got home tha n it bega n to snow.16. Were I you, I would go with him.17. Did I heard the n ews, I woul

25、d have phoned you.18. A child as he is, he knows a lot.19. Strongly as he looks, he can t carry the box.20. So quickly the n ews sp read that everybody in our school knew it.IV該項(xiàng)學(xué)習(xí)小竅門，順口溜等等口訣學(xué)語法一倒裝口訣1）副詞開頭要倒裝，人稱代詞則如常。 only修飾副介狀，位于句首半倒裝。 否定意義副連詞，既不也不”須倒裝。表語前置主語長(zhǎng)，銜接自然常倒裝。 such代詞做表語，引起主謂要倒裝。 Not only開頭

26、句，前一分句須倒裝。had, were, should虛擬句，省略if半倒裝。2）疑問句,there be;條件句,if去；強(qiáng)（調(diào)）表語,重狀語；弓I語后，常用起；否定詞 開頭使； only語,往前置；免重復(fù)，需代替;要祝愿，為修辭.二、單選：1. Not un til I bega n to workhow much time I had wasted.E. did n't I realizeB. did I realizeC. I did n't realizeD. I realized2. Only by p ractis ing a few hours every da

27、ybe able to master the Ian guage.A. you can B. can youC. you willD. will you3. If you don't go ， neither .A. shall IB. do IC. I doD. I shall4. No sooner to the station the train left.A. had I got ，whenB. I had got ， thanC. had I got ， thanD. did I get ， when5. - Your father is very strict with y

28、ou.- . He never lets off a single mistake of ours.A. So he isB. So is heC. He is so D. So does he6. today, he would get there by Sunday.A. Would he leaveB. Was he leavingC. Were he to leaveD. If he leave7. Never in my life such a thing.A. I have heard or have seenB. have I heard or seenC. I have hea

29、rd or seenD. did I hear or see8. - Here ！ Where is Xiao Liu ？- There .A. comes the bus; is heB. comes the bus; he isC. the bus comes; is heD. the bus comes; he is9. , I will not buy it.A. Much as do I like itB. As much I like itC. Much as I like itD. As I like it much10. - I like football. I don'

30、;t like volleyball.- .A. So do IB. Neither do IC. So it is with meD. So is it with me11. the expense， I to Italy.A. If it were not; goB. Were it not for; would goC. Weren't it for; will goD. If it hadn 't been; would have gone12. So in the darkness that he didn' t dare to move an inch.A.

31、 he was frightenedB. was he frightenedC. frightened he wasD. frightened was he_ and so do you so you do so you do so do you13. -In modem times, girls like beautiful clothes.-Yes ， and . After all, our life has greatly improved.A. so do they ； so do youB. so they do；so you doC. so do they； so you doD

32、. so they do；so do you14. -You have an English class every day except Sunday.A. So we haveB. So we doC. So have weD. So do wesomine.15.1 wonder if your wife will go to the ball. If your wifeA. does; willB. will; doesC. will ； would D. does; do16. Only after I read the text over again its main idea.A

33、. that I knewB. did I knowC. 1 could knowD. I did know17.Only in the deep forest such wonderful plants.A. could we findB. we could findC. could we find outD. we could find out18. -I seldom watch TV, but listen to the radio a lot.A. So do I B. Neither do IC. I'm the sameD. So it is with me19. So

34、excited that he couldn't say a word.A. he seemedB. did he seemC. was he seemingD. he did lookdown in the dictation.20. Jimmy was so nervous that not a single wordA. he wroteB. he was writtenC. did he writeD. was he written21. Little when I took the trip where it would lead me.A. have I knownB. h

35、ad I knownC. do 1 knowD. did I know22. -Have you ever seen anything like that before ？A. No, I never have seen anything like that beforeB. No, never I have seen anything like that beforeC. No, never have 1 seen anything like that beforeD. No, I have seen anything like that before never23. , I would

36、accept the invitation and go to the party.A. Were I youB. Was I youC. Had I been you D. Would 1 be you24. You should work less .A. and neither should IB. and so should IC. and nor should ID. and so I should25. and caught the mouse.A. Up the cat jumpedB. The cat up jumpedC. Up jumped the cat D. Jumpe

37、d up the cat26. Not only a promise ， but also he kept it.A. did he makeB. he madeC. does he makeD. has he made27. His uncle is a worker and has been working in the factory for more than ten years. A. So is his auntB. So has his auntC. So his aunt does D. So it is with his aunt28. Not once their plan

38、.A. did they change B. they changedC. changed they D. they did change29. -Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother ？-I don't know, and .A. nor don't I careB. nor do I careC. I don't care neither D. I don't care also30. Not until he arrived home he find that this wallet had been sto

39、len.A. didB. wouldC. whenD. that31. -This is one of the oldest trees in the world.- such a big tree.A. Never I have seenB. I haven't never seenC. Never have I seenD. I have seen never32. Nowhere else in the world cheaper tailoring （裁縫業(yè)，成衣業(yè)） than in Hong Kong.A. a tourist can findB. can a tourist

40、 findC. a tourist will findD. a tourist has found33. succeed in doing anything.A. Only by working hard we canB. By only working hard we canC. Only we can by working hardD. Only by working hard can we34. that we all went out, lying in the sun.A. So fine was the weatherB. So was the fine weatherC. The

41、 weather was so fine wasD. So the weather was tine35. a nice man that we all believe him.A. So； did he seemB. So；he seemedC. Such； he seemed D. Such； did he seem36. -You seem to be an actor.-. I have played many parts in a lot of films.A. So do I B. So am IC. So I doD. So I am37. Not only working ha

42、rd ， but also very polite.A. the boy is; he isB. is the boy; he isC. the boy is; is heD. is the boy; is he38. , he never seems able to do the work beautifully.A. Try as he doesB. As he triesC. Try as does heD. As try he doesA. Neither can 'tIB. Neither I can C. I can't neither40.-You ought to have given them some advice.- , but who cared what I asked ？B. So I oughtD. So I did that he almost killed himself.D. Neither can I39. -I cannot see the picture well from here.A. So ought youC. So i