1、第1頁Unit 11 The Media語法篇1、被動語態。2、動名詞。一，被動語態1.當句子的主語是動作的承受者時，謂語部分需用被動語態形式，即“系動詞be+過去分詞”。例： English is spoken all over the world today.2.被動語態常用于需要強調動作的承受者；不知道誰是動作的執行者，沒有必要說出動作的執行 者以及科技文章中。例： The bridge was made of stones.3. 各種時態的被動語態 時態被動語態一般現在時am/is/are + 過去分詞一般過去時was/were + 過去分詞一般將來時will be + 過去分詞過去將

2、來時would be + 過去分詞現在進行時am/is/are + being + 過去分詞過去進行時was/were + being + 過去分詞現在完成時have/has + 過去分詞過去完成時例： I f they are caught, they will die.had been + 過去分詞We shall be punished if we break the rule.A computer center is being built for the students.All the broken windows have been repaired.4.被動語態的特殊結構1含有

3、情態動詞的被動語態。其結構為：can/may/must/need/should/+ be +過去分詞例： The children should be taken good care of.2帶有雙賓語動詞的被動語態，一般是把間接賓語變為被動語態的主語，另一賓語仍然保留在謂語后面。例： He was given a person by his mother for his brother.3帶復合賓語（賓語+賓語補足語）動詞的被動語態構成，一般是將賓語變為被動語態中的主語。例： The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.4感官動詞 see, watch, n

4、otice, hear, feel, observe 等和使役動詞 have, make, let 等后面接不帶 to 的不定第2頁式作賓語補足語，但其被動語態不定式要帶to 。例： A stranger was seen to walk into that building.5一些相當于及物動詞的短語動詞，如“動詞+介詞”， “動詞+副詞”等，在被動語態中，介詞和動詞不可以省略。The meeting was put off till Friday.二，動名詞動名詞由動詞 +ing 構成，否定形式為 not doing, 具有動詞的特點，可以帶有賓語和補語，同時具有 名詞的性質，在句中起名詞

5、作用，可以充當主語，賓語，表語和定語。1.作主語例： Seeing is believing.2.作表語例： My job is teaching.3.作賓語1admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, face, feel like, finish, forgive, give up,imagine, include, keep, mention, mind, miss, practice, put off, resist, risk, suggest, can t help, cant

6、 stand 等動詞或詞組后可以用動名詞作賓語，但不能用不定式。例： What environment do you enjoy working in?Can you imagine doing such work?2forget, remember, mean, regret, go on, stop, try 等動詞或詞組可帶動名詞或不定式作賓語，但意義上 有區別。forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事 forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事 remember doing sth. 記得做過某事 remember to dosth. 記得去做某事 mean doing

7、sth. 意味著做某事 mean to do sth. 打算做某事 regret doing sth. 后悔做了某事regret to do sth. 遺憾做了某事 go on doing sth. 繼續做某事 go on to do sth. 接著做另一件事 try doing sth. 試著做某事 try to do sth. 盡量做某事3allow/advise/forbid/permit + doing sth. 允許 /建議 /禁止 / 準許做某事； allow/advise/forbid/permit sb. To dosth. 允許/建議 /禁止/準許某人做某事。例： They

8、don t allow smoking here. They don t allow me to smoke here.4need, require, want 作“需要”解，其后用動名詞的主動形式表示被動意義； be worth doing 主動形 式表示被動意義。例： The flowers need watering.=The flowers need to be watered.5短語 devote to, look forward to, stick to, be used to, be busy in, have difficulty/trouble/problem(in), ha

9、ve agood/wonderful/hard time (in), there sno use/good/need, feel like, get down to 等需用動名詞形式作賓 語。例： We look forward to hearing from you soon.第3頁6love, hate, prefer, like 等動詞后用動名詞作賓語時指一般情況；跟不定式作賓語時指某一具體行為。例： I like swimming, but I prefer diving.4.作定語，說明被修飾名詞的特征，功能或作用。現在分詞作定語則與被修飾的名詞是主謂關系。例：Thereis a l

10、arge reading room in the library.例 1. If nothing _ , the oceans will turn into fish deserts.A. doesB. had been doneC. will doD. is done例 2. We are confident that the environment _ by our further efforts to reduce pollution.A. had been improvedB. will be improvedC. is improvedD. was improved例 3. _ ba

11、sic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.A. KnownB. Having knownC. knowingD. Being known例 4. The airport _ next year will help promote tourism in this area.A. being completedB. to be completedC. completedD. having been completed例 5. ( 2019 北京房山高三二模) The discussion _now a

12、nd it will not be long before the final resultis announced.A. is holdingB. will be heldC. is being held第4頁基礎演練一，用括號內所給詞的適當形式填空。1. Is honest the best policy? We _ that it is when we are little.(teach)2. The letters for the boss _ on his desk but he didn t read them until three days later.(put)3. Don

13、t worry. The hard work that you do now _ later in life.(repay)4. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house _ .(rebuild)5. Have you heard about that fire in the market? Yes, fortunately no one _ .(hurt)6. In the last few years thousands of films _ all over the world.(p

14、roduce)7._ how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.(hear)8._ a wet football can hurt your foot if you are not careful.(kick)9._ by beautiful green mountains and situated at the foot of Huangshan Mountain makesTaiping Lake a famous tourism attraction. (surround)10. O

15、nce learns a language by making mistakes and _ them.(correct)鞏固提高 一，單項選擇。1.The airport _ next year will help promote tourism in this area.A. being completedB. to be completedC. completedD. having been completed2.He told us whether _ a picnic was still under discussion.A. to haveB. havingC. haveD. ha

16、d3.Armed with the information you have gathered, you can _ preparing your business plan.A. set outB. set aboutC. set offD. set up4.China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats fromin the South China Sea.A. attackingB. having attackedC. being

17、attackedD. having been attacked5. We have no objection _ the new project again. I can t agree more.A. to discussB. to discussingC. to having discussed D. to have discussed一，單項選擇。1. My father has much _ in doctors of traditional Chinese medicine.A. reliefB. beliefC. kerchiefD. chief2. ( 2019 北京東城高三第一

18、學期期末考試) She seated herself at a small table in the restaurant, waitingD. has held第5頁 Ah, Anita. Is the design for the conference center today?A. servingB. to serveC. servedD. to be served3. （2019 北京朝陽高三第一學期期末考試）第6頁I_ on it for over a mon th, but I have n tfi ni shed it yet.A. workedB. had workedC. h

19、ave been workingD. was working4.（2019 北京 101 中學高三測試）Due to the light pollution, stars are too faint_with naked eyes inthe urba n area.A. observi ngB. being observed C. to be observedD. to be observi ng5.（2019 北京東城高三一模） Charles entered New York University in 2009 and one year later_ toUni versity of

20、London as an excha nge stude nt.A. sentB. had sentC. was sentD. had bee n sent6.Each of us is_ to develop a pers onal for certa in types of en terta inment.A. possibleB. probableC. likelyD. pote ntial7.Stand at the top of the mountain, and then you ll get a better_of the town.A. sightB. viewC. sce n

21、eD. scenery8._ sales of cars up by 30% last year, the traffic in Beijing has become increasingly terrible.A. AsB. SinceC. ForD. With9.Was it_ the intern ati onal conference that made the city the focus of this area.A. to holdB. holdC. heldD. holdi ng10. Excuse me, where is the n earest bank?Go strai

22、ght ahead; you_miss it, which is a huge build ing.A. must n tB. can C. need ntD. shouldn 11. It a custom in China to have some tea or other drinks before the meal_.A. servesB. servedC. is servedD. to be served12. Mo Yan became the first Chinese Nobel Prize winner in Literature,_ left school to make

23、a livingat the age of 12.A. AsB. whichC. thatD. who13. Shall we have our house decorated?_ I think it fine as it is.A. Why not?B. Sou nds great.C. Not exactly.D. Better n ot.14. people have mixed views on the policy published recently, because not everybody is_ it in thesurvey.A. in honor ofB. in fa

24、vor ofC. in search ofD. in n eed of15. Rose did n _ the discussi on, for she was n has trouble_the right things to say.A. take partB. jo inC. participate inC. atte nd in，完型填空。第7頁Gary and Charlie lived in the same town. They1 in the same class. Gray was tall and strong and ran faster. Hewas one of th

25、e _2_in their school. But his friend Charlie was thin and spent _3_ time on sports. Gray was 4 in his lessonsbecause he wasn 5 assC harlie. And Charlie often helped him with his less ons.The war 6 as soon as the two young men finished middle school. They both 7 the army and soon they were sent tothe

26、 front （前線）.Now Gray often _8_ Charlie . And the young man thanked his friend very much.The officer wan ted to get the Germa ns _9. He sent some so ldiers to go to the en emy s 敵 ar area（后）.But they were captured （ 俘虜）.He had to 10 the second group, then the third. But they were all missing. 11 of t

27、hesoldiers would do it. At last the officer 12 any soldier 13 could capture a German would be rewarded（獎賞）200 dollars.Gray always 14 to get rich and asked to do it with Charlie. They walked 15_ the forest, crossed the rivers and reachedthe village where the Germa ns stayed.They found there were the

28、en emy soldiers everywhere. They had to stay in a broke n house un til16 fell.But they were so tired that 17 they were both 18 . At midnight Gray heard some noise. He 19 at once and found therescares of Germa ns around the house. He woke Charlie up at once and said 20 ,“ we ll soon get rich !”1. A. workedB. studiedC. livedD. played2. A. fightersB. policeme nC. athletesD. actors3. A. littleB. a littleC. fewD. a few4. A. wellB.goodC. weakD. bad5. A. ableB. politeC. frie ndlyD. clever6. A. broke outB. hurried offC. found outD. put out7.