1、張R老師 高二英語 暑假班11 新課程學(xué)習(xí)：狀語從句& 狀語從句概述：狀語從句在復(fù)合句中起狀語的作用，修飾主句中的謂語動詞、形容詞和副詞等成分：狀語從句由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)，從屬連詞在句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，只起連接作用位置：狀語從句多位于句首或句尾。位于句首時，一般要用逗號與主句隔開；位于句尾時，一般不用逗號（一）時間狀語從句時間狀語從句常用的引導(dǎo)詞有before, after, as long as, by the time that, as soon as, now that,since, till, when, while, immediately, directly, the moment t

2、hat When the earthquake broke out, all the students were sleeping soundly.當(dāng)?shù)卣鸢l(fā)生時，所有的學(xué)生正在熟睡。when, while, as都表示“當(dāng)?shù)臅r候”，但是when引導(dǎo)的從句的動作和主句中的動詞所表示的動作可以同時發(fā)生，也可以先后發(fā)生；while和as引導(dǎo)的則強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動作同時發(fā)生。while引導(dǎo)的從句謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞，且多用進(jìn)行時；as則強(qiáng)調(diào)“一面一面” She didnt even look up when I took my seat beside her.我在她身邊坐下時，她連頭也沒抬一下。 He

3、 was watching TV last night while I was writing a letter.昨晚我寫信時他正在看電視。 As the children walked along the street, they sang happily.孩子們一邊沿大街走著，一邊高興地唱著歌。 till表示“一直到”時主、從句都用肯定形式。表示“直到才”時用until。主句用否定形式，從句用肯定形式，間或也用till和until，可放句首 He didnt get up until his mother came in.到他媽媽進(jìn)來他才起床。 since引導(dǎo)的狀語從句，從句中的謂語動詞常

4、為非延續(xù)性動詞的一般過去時，主句中的謂語動詞表示延續(xù)，主句時態(tài)通常用一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在完成時 It is just a week since we arrived here.我們到這兒只有一周。時間狀語從句的謂語動詞的時態(tài)，時間狀語從句中，一般將來時一般可用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示 I will tell him everything when he comes.他來了我會告訴他一切的。（二）地點(diǎn)狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句常用的引導(dǎo)詞有where, wherever, anywhere, everywherewhere一般表示一個確定的但是并非特指的地點(diǎn) You cant park where you lik

5、e these days.如今你可不能隨意在哪兒都停車。wherever, anywhere和everywhere則表示任何地方 With that kind of train ticket you can travel anywhere you like in Europe.如果有那種火車票，你就可以到歐洲各地旅行。（三）原因狀語從句原因狀語從句常用的引導(dǎo)詞有because, since, as, for She was angry because we were late.她很生氣，因為我們遲到了。 because, since, as, for引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的區(qū)別 because引導(dǎo)的

6、原因狀語從句表示說話人認(rèn)為這種原因或理由是聽話人所不知道的，是全句的重心所在，其語氣最重，常來回答“why ?”。because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句可用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句中，其他三個詞不能 since和as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句一般位于主句之前，表示比較明顯或已知的原因。從語氣上來講，because語氣最強(qiáng)，since, as依次遞減 for不說明原因，只表示附帶或補(bǔ)充的解釋，或表示推理。引導(dǎo)的句子只能放在主句之后 I did it because he told me to.是他吩咐我才做的。 As you were out, I left a message.你不在，所以我留下一張字條兒。 It must

7、 be morning now, for birds are singing.一定是早晨了，因為鳥兒在歌唱。（四）條件狀語從句條件狀語從句常用的引導(dǎo)詞有if, unless, so long as, if only, in case, providing that, on condition that,given that條件狀語從句的用法同時間狀語從句一樣，條件狀語從句如果表示將來時間，要用一般現(xiàn)在時代替 I wont wait for him unless he rings me tomorrow.除非他明天給我打電話，否則我不會等他。if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句可分為真實條件句和非真實條件句。

8、前者符合客觀事實的情況，用陳述語氣。后者表示說話人提出的與事實相違或與本人設(shè)想或愿望相反的某種假設(shè)，其謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣 If you see him, give him this pen.要是見到他，你就把這支筆給他。if從句表示某事發(fā)生后才去做某事，in case從句表示為了提防以后會發(fā)生某事而預(yù)先做某事。if從句表示可能會發(fā)生，when從句表示某事將肯定會發(fā)生 I shall take an umbrella in case it rains.我?guī)О褌阋苑老掠辍＃ㄎ澹┍容^狀語從句比較狀語從句常用的引導(dǎo)詞the比較級, the比較級, as as, not so as, than, mo

9、re than,less than比較級前常可加一些表示程度的狀語，如much, still, far, a lot, a great deal, twice, a bit, a little,rather, slightly等 This book is a great deal better than that one.這本書比那本書好多了。當(dāng)句子中的兩個動詞相同且時態(tài)也一樣時，則第二個動詞可以省略 It is even colder than yesterday.今天比昨天還冷。（六）方式狀語從句方式狀語從句主要由as引導(dǎo) I am as you can imagine short of

10、money.正如你能想象的，我很缺錢。方式狀語從句可以由as if / as though, just as, much as等引導(dǎo) I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday.整個這件事我記得很清楚，就仿佛是昨天發(fā)生似的。方式狀語從句有時也可不用連詞引導(dǎo) I cant help seeing things the way they do.我禁不住也像他們那樣看事物。（七）目的狀語從句比較狀語從句常用的引導(dǎo)詞有that, so that, in order that, lest, for fear that, in case H

11、e put his money in the safe for fear that it should be stolen.他把錢鎖在保險箱里，以防被盜。目的狀語從句有時可用so或so that引導(dǎo) We have so arranged matters that one of us is always on duty.我們做了這種安排，以便我們總有一個人值勤。“in order to動詞”和“so as to動詞”均可表示目的，意為“為了，以便”，但so as to不可置于句首，in order to則比較靈活 In order to pass the exam, they study ha

12、rd. / They study hard so as to pass the exam.他們努力學(xué)習(xí)，以便能通過考試。（八）結(jié)果狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句主要由so, so that, so that, such that引導(dǎo) Nothing more was heard of him, so people thought that he was dead.沒有再聽到他的消息，所以人們都認(rèn)為他死了。有時可以由otherwise, or else或else引起從句，表示“否則（會有什么后果）” Give me back the money; otherwise Ill call the police

13、.把錢還給我，否則我要報警。so that與such that二者有時可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換，即“so形容詞副詞a / an單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞that”“such a / an形容詞名詞that”；當(dāng)such修飾的是不可數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞時，二者不能互換 He is so good a student. = He is such a good student.他是一個好學(xué)生。so that既可引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，也可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，二者的區(qū)別是： 目的狀語從句中常有情態(tài)動詞，如can, could, may, might等；而結(jié)果狀語從句中大多沒有 so that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句時常省略that，且在結(jié)果狀語從

14、句前，書面語中常有逗號，在講話時常用停頓；而目的狀語從句沒有 目的狀語從句可置于主句之前或之后，而結(jié)果狀語從句只能置于主句之后（九）讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句常用的引導(dǎo)詞有though, although, even if / though, however, whatever, while She looks pretty, whatever she wears.她無論穿什么，都很好看。還有一些其他形式的讓步狀語從句須用倒裝 Clever as he is, he doesnt study well.盡管他很聰明，卻不好好學(xué)習(xí)。whether or也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，表示一正一反的概念，常

15、譯為“也好也好”，“不管反正”，從句常用省略形式 Whether sick or well, shes always happy.有病也好，無病也罷，她總是高高興興的。（十）狀語從句中的省略連接詞過去分詞 Pressure can be reduced when (it is) needed.有必要就減壓。連接詞現(xiàn)在分詞 He looks worried as if (he wereing) losing something important.他看起來很焦急，好象丟了很重要的東西。連接詞形容詞其他 While (she was) very young, she began to study

16、English.非常年輕的時候，她開始學(xué)英語的。& 狀語從句30. How can they learn much _ they spent so much time hanging about?A. althoughB. whenC. tillD. until31. _ it is true that a students most important goal is to do well in his or her studies, it does notneed to be the only goal.A. WhenB. AsC. WhileD. Before32. I have kep

17、t the photo _ I can see it every day for 20 years.A. whereB. whenC. whichD. that33. She is determined to get a seat for the concert given by the U2 _ it means sending all her pocketmoney.A. as thoughB. howeverC. even whenD. even though34. _ youve got such a good chance, you might as well make full u

18、se of it.A. WhenB. OnceC. WhileD. Now that35. _ youve tried it, you cant imagine how pleasant it is.A. UnlessB. BecauseC. AlthoughD. When36. In time of serious accidents, _ we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives.A. whetherB. untilC. unlessD. if37. She repeated the same word man

19、y times _ she might forget.A. in caseB. so thatC. in order thatD. till38. He bought an English dictionary _ he could help his son to learn English.A. becauseB. so thatC. ifD. after39. All people, _ they are old or young, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those inneed since the disast

20、er.A. even ifB. whetherC. no matterD. however40. This is a very interesting book. Ill buy it, _.A. how much may it costB. no matter how it may costC. however much it may costD. how may it costPresentation (2) A - 復(fù)合句綜合測試Presentation (2) B - 復(fù)合句綜合測試Home Assignment - 復(fù)合句& 單項選擇01. _ wants to stay in a

21、hotel has to pay their own way.A. AnyoneB. The oneC. WhoeverD. Who02. _ matters most in learning English is enough practice.A. WhatB. WhyC. WhereD. Which03. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? Thats _ the best jobs are.A. whereB. whatC. whenD. why04. Im interested in _ she said to me.A. whetherB. w

22、hereC. whatD. why05. People in Chongqing are proud of _ they have achieved in the past ten years.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. how06. Professor Hunter was soon told _ he discovered was not important to them.A. why thatB. why whatC. that whyD. what why07. This group of golden-haired westerners are very cu

23、rious about _ used to be called the ForbiddenCity.A. whereB. whatC. whichD. that08. Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the game.A. whyB. whatC. whoD. that09. The old ladys hand shook frequently. She explained to her doctor _ this shaking had begunhalf a year before, and _, only be

24、cause of this, she had been forced to give up her job.A. when / howB. how / whenC. how / howD. why / why10. We havent settled the question of _ it is necessary for him to study abroad.A. ifB. whereC. whetherD. that11. You can only be sure of _ you have at present; you cant be sure of something _ you

25、might get in the future.A. that / whatB. what / 不填C. which / thatD. 不填 / that12. Could I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales, please?A. anyoneB. someoneC. whoeverD. no matter who13. The weather turned out to be fine, _ was better than we expected.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. it14. Mark was a

26、student at this university from 1999 to 2003, _ he studied very hard and was madeChairman of the students Union.A. during which timeB. for which timeC. during whose timeD. by that time15. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came to us, _ we gavesome bells and glasses.

27、A. to whichB. to whomC. with whomD. with which16. By nine oclock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _appeared a rare rainbow soon.A. of whichB. on whichC. from whichD. above which17. Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.A. whoB.

28、whichC. whyD. when18. The man pulled out a gold watch, _ were made of small diamonds.A. the hands of whomB. whom the hands ofC. which the hands ofD. the hands of which19. The book was written in 1946, _ the education system has witnessed great changes.A. whenB. duringC. since thenD. since when20. Th

29、e owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep itrunning, _ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.A. whoB. thatC. asD. which21. _ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.A. WhichB. ThatC. WhatD. As22. We went throu

30、gh a period _ communications were very difficult in the rural areas.A. whichB. whoseC. in whichD. with which23. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _ are beyond our control.A. most of themB. most of whichC. most of whatD. most of that24. All the neighbors admire this f

31、amily _ the parents are treating their kids like a friend.A. whyB. whereC. whichD. that25. The Science Museum, _ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of Londons touristattractions.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. where26. A: Is that the small town you often refer to?B: Right, just the one _ yo

32、u know I used to work for years.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. what27. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had runback in the direction _ she had come.A. of whichB. by whichC. in whichD. from which28. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine

33、 months, _ the sailing time was 226 days.A. of whichB. during whichC. from whichD. for which29. I used to love that film _ I was a child, but I dont feel it that way any more.A. onceB. whenC. sinceD. although30. The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, _ the quality of life is p

34、robablyone of the highest.A. sinceB. whenC. asD. while31. How can you expect to learn anything _ you never listen?A. in caseB. even ifC. unlessD. when32. Id like to arrive 10 minutes early _ I can have time for a cup of tea.A. as soon asB. as a resultC. in caseD. so that33. A: Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?B: Yes. _, Im going to visit some homes for the old in the city.A. If everB. If busyC. If anythingD. If possible34. Youd better not leave the medicine _ kids can get at it.A. even ifB. whichC. whereD. so that35. A: Mom, what did your