1、普陀初中培訓機構：第四單元語言新王牌 Chapter Four Numbers： Everyone' s LanguageVocabularyL 【比較】almost與nearly兩者均可意為“幾乎，將近，差不多”，旦當與動詞、副詞、形容詞及名詞連用時， 含義相近，可互換：It' s nearly lunch time. = It' s almost lunchtime.Almost可與no, none, never以及nothing等不定代詞連用，而nearly則不可以。 Nearly常在含有not的否定句中，而almost則不可與not單獨連用：There is n

2、o water left in the bottle. It is nearly so pretty as it was before.普陀華師大校區：中山北路3620號銀城大廈20樓2021陀曹楊校區：白蘭路137弄綠洲廣場B座22樓新王牌021622202162,【區分】discover, invent 與 develop Discover 意為"發現"，指客觀存在的事物經人類努力后而發現或找到：Columbus discovered the new landNorth America. Invent意為“發明”，指原本不存在的事物經科學創造

3、后而誕生：The ancient Chinese people invented the compass. Develop 意為“發展，壯大”，指在原 有基礎上進一步提高或改進：The Indians invented the number “0” , and developed the 1 to 9 number system. 3,【比較】alive, live 與 livingAlive通常號be動詞連用作表語，而living一般放在名詞前作定語：That great man is still alive.All the living things need air and water.

4、Live作形容詞時可意為“有生命的，活著的”，但多指動物：a live fish：此外， live作形容詞還可意為"現場1'播的"：a live show。 4,【辨析】Calculator n. 計算機，計算器 v. 計算 n. 計算 adj.計算（用）的Invent v.發明，創造 n. 發明家 n.發明，創造Percent n.百分之？（無復數）1 n.百分之？ A percentage of 40=40 percent=40%In many different ways用許多不同的方法，在許多不同方面In the same way用 同樣的方法In this

5、 way用這種方法 擋道By the way順便說On the way to在去？的路上Develop v.發展 adj.發達的 adj.發展中的 n.發展Consist of 由？組成由?組成Near prep.近，接近Nearly adv.幾乎，差不多（后面不跟否定詞，可跟具體的數次）Almost adv.幾 乎，差不多（比nearly更接近）Rise vi. rose risen Raise vt. raised raisedLast year, the price of water .（這里的 rose 相當于 increased 或 went up）Last year, the go

6、vernment the price of water.（這里的 raised 相當 increased 或 put up）Grammar1，四則運算的兩種表達方式:add 3 and 7祈使句發布指令：3加79 減 4subtract 4 from 92 乘以 8multiply 2 by 812 除以 6divide 12 by 6陳述句描述等式：3加7等于103 plus 7 equals/is 10.9 減 4 等于 59 minus 4 equals/is 5.2 乘以 8 等 J, 162 multiplied by 8 equals/is 16.12 除以6 等于 212 div

7、ided by 6 equals/is 2.2,數字的英語表達注意以下單詞的拼寫：第九，；九十，:十九， ：十四，：四十，；第四十，O【注意】三位數的表達：2584 five hundred and eighty-four十位數與個位數之間要用連字符（一）百位數和十位數之間要用and “百”前如有數 字，詞尾不加“s”也不跟“of”短語英語中沒有與漢字對應的“萬” ：10, 000讀作ten thousand321, 456, 089 讀作：three hundred and twenty-one million four hundred and fifty-six thousand and

8、eighty-nine （寫數字時，從右向左，三位一撇。第一撇念 thousand,第二撇念million。它們和hundred一樣，前面如有數字，詞尾不加"s"，也 不跟"of"短語，如：two thousand） 3,分數的構成分子用基數詞，分母用序數詞的復數形式（分子為1時才用單數形式）。如：three- fOUrth/ three-quarters：322, one-fourth： , 4432, three-eights；帶分數在整數后用 and： 2, two and two- thirds。 83323, In ancient times,

9、 people wrote numbers in many different ways, as these pictures of the number six show.Times與time不同,前者表示“某個時代”,而后者僅表示“時間” :In Shakespearet s times, not many people could read. Times 的近義詞是 age。As在本例中作連詞,意為“正如,如同"：I love reading, as you love painting.324, This was a very important invention becau

10、se it made it easier to write big numbers and to calculate.本例中兩個it用法不同。前者指代文章中提及的數字 “0”的發明，而后者在句中作形式賓語，后面的不定式才是其真正的賓語。當不定式等 作賓語且其后跟有賓語補足語時，就應該使用形式賓語，而將真正的賓語移至句末：I find it easy to get on with her.Make sth+ adj.的結構用于表示“使什么怎么樣”：Heaters and air conditioners make us more comfortable in winter and summer.

11、325, Shakuntala' s brain took fifty seconds to find the answer, like lighting. Take表示“花費多少時間”時，主要有以下兩種表達：A,事物+take（s）+時 間 + （動詞不定式）The bus takes about half an hour to get there. B, It takes + （某人）+時間+動詞不定式It takes my father about an hour to go to his office by underground.326, If it is not power

12、ful enough, you will find the answer on page 67. Powerful enough意為“足夠強大"，powerful為形容詞,enough為副詞° Enough在修 飾形容詞或副詞時3一般置其后。現將enough的常見用法小結如下：enough可以作名詞或代詞， 意為“足夠，充分”。作代詞時，它可以替代可數名詞或不可數名詞，在句中作主語或賓語：Enough has been said on this subject.enough可作形容詞，意為“足夠的，充分的“：I hope there are enough glasses f

13、or the party. Five men will be quite enough.enough作副詞時，意為“十分，充分地，足夠地，充足地”置于被修飾的形容詞 或副詞之后，常與介司for或不定式連用，在句子中作狀語，表示程度：Mum, I think I' m well enough for school.enough作感嘆訶時，意為“夠了，停止，住手，不要再繼續了” ,用以表達不耐 煩或惱怒的情感：You' ve been complaining all afternoon. Enough!7,祈使句祈使句是以動詞開頭，用以發出請求、命令、警示、指示等的句子。當我們希望

14、別人 不要做某事時，則在這樣的句子前加don' t。A,祈使句的肯定及否定形式如下表所示：肯定Walk the dog at 7 a. m. Please look after my goldfish. 否定 Don' t chase the cat. Don' t pull the rabbit' s ears. B,為表示禮貌，可以在祈使句的開頭或結尾加上pleasePlease open the door for the lady. C,祈使句的否定形式也可以在動詞原形的 前面使用否定詞never,代替don' t：Never use your c

15、alculator when you take an exam.【提示】從以上例子中可以發現：祈使句沒有主語，但隱含在句子中的要求、命令、 指令等接受的對象應該是“你”或“你們”。A卷I . Choose the best answer1. let the children have a barbecue without adults. A. Do B. Don' t C. Not D. No2. The leaves that tree have a beautiful colour. A. in B. on C. at D. above3. My teacher told me t

16、hat the sun in the east. A. rises B. rose C. is rising D. has risen 4. Peter and his girlfriend films on Sundays.A. see B. sees C. are seeing D. have seen 5. The day after tomorrow they a tennis match.A. will watchingB. watches C. are watching D. are going towatch 6. I hope that all the people enoug

17、h food to eat.A. haveB. will have C. is going to have D. arehaving 7. Mr. Wang has gone to Japan. He back in a week. A. is B. will be C. has been D. was8. Peter' s children to write down their names when they were two years old. A. can B. able C. were able D. could be able4II. Complete the sente

18、nces with the right words.1. I prefer to study in an(air-conditioned, air conditioner)room in summer and winter. 2. Our school is going to(organize,organization) a sports meet.3. My(suggest) is that we cancel our trip to Hangzhou since weare too busy. 4. What will you(possible) be in the future/5. I

19、 think Shanghai is(modern) than any other city in China.III. Rewrite the sentence as required.1. People held their coats more tightly when there was a strong wind.(改 成一般疑問句)peopletheir coats more tightly whenthere was a strong wind? 2. You can make it move by pouring water into it.(對 劃線部分提問)you make

20、 it move?3. Players have to obey the same rules.(改成否定句) Players to obey the same rules.4. I'm going to teach you how I make a water boat.(保持句意 d、變) I' m going to teach youmake a water boat.B卷1 . Choose the best answer1, There are days in a leap year.A, three hundreds and sixty-sixB, three hu

21、ndred and sixty six C,three hundred and sixty-sixD, three hundreds of sity-six 2, In ourclass of students girls.A, three-fifths, areB, three-fifth, are C, three-fifths, isD, three-fifth, is 3, If you 10 from 10, how much will you get?A, addB, subtractC, multiplyD, divide4, When 1200 is expressed as a date, it reads .A, one thousand t D, twelv