1、IELTS寫作示范及技巧講解 第 23 頁 共 23 頁IELTS寫作示范及技巧講解IELTS寫作示范及技巧講解（一）Task 1 : You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. The tables below are the results of research, which examined the average percentage marks scored by boys and girls of different ages in several school subjects. Write report for a univ

2、ersity lecturer describing the information below. You should write a minimum of 150 words. Boys: Subject AgeMathsScienceGeographyLanguagesSports 763%70%63%62%71% 1065%72%68%60%74% 1369%74%70%60%75% 1567%73%64%58%78% Girls: Subject AgeMathsScienceGeographyLanguagesSports 764%69%62%62%65% 1065%73%64%6

3、7%64% 1364%70%62%65%62% 1568%72%64%75%60% 作者建議: This IELTS task 1 example is quite difficult because it presents the student with a lot of data, and because the significant trends in the data are not overly obvious. Lets have a look at how we might go about organising the information in the tables i

4、nto a task 1 answer. 1. First, we need to be aware of all of the variables that make up the data: the scores (percentage averages), the school subjects, the age groups and the gender or sex. 2. Now we need to sort the information into some sort of sense: a.) The first thing to do with any table is t

5、o find the highest and lowest numbers. Looking at these tables we can see that boys tended to score highly in sport and lowly in languages, and that girls on the other hand tended to score highly in languages and lowly in sport. This is the first and most obvious significant feature of the tables -

6、the boys' strong subject is the girlsweak subject and vice versa. b.) But a comparison of subject scores between the two sexes reveals only limited significance. We can see that for most of the subjects the boys and girls got similar scores. Boys scored slightly higher in geography, but by the a

7、ge of 15 the scores were the same. So, all that we can say about the charts in terms of the differences between boys and girls by subject is that, besides sport and languages, they were negligible (not important). c.) The next logical step then, is to look closely at the scores for the different age

8、 groups. When we do this we find that some interesting patterns emerge. For all of the subjects, except the weak subject for each sex (languages and sports), the scores, between the ages of 7 and 15, increased overall, for both sexes. But if we look at the scores for the years between these two we s

9、ee that the improvement was not constant, and that at a particular age the scores for most subjects fell. Also, the age at which this occurred was not the same for boys and girls. This pattern seems to reveal that both boys and girls went through a slump in academic performance, but at different tim

10、es, which is certainly an interesting feature of the data in the tables, and definitely needs to be mentioned. The largest difference between scores for two different age groups ( Languages - 10%; 65-75% 13-15yrs) should also be noticed. 3. The next thing to do is to take our analysis of the data an

11、d make a plan for our report. A plan for these tables might look like this: a.) Introductory sentence- table shows: percentage scores for school subjects (list), different ages (list), different sexes. b.) Highest and lowest subjects for boys/girls- sport/languages- opposites c.) Other subjects very

12、 similar- subjects by sex not too significant d.) More significant- age groups- all subjects increased (overall)- except for slumps(list subject figures)- different ages for boys/girls- 13-15/ 11-13 e.) Concluding sentence- boys performed better in sport, girls languages- both sexes experienced perf

13、ormance slump but at different ages. 4. After a plan has been made, we can write the report incorporating the facts and figures from the charts. Look at how this has been done below. Keep in mind that the answer below is quite extensive, and that often because of time answers will not be as detailed

14、 as this. In those cases the least significant information should be discarded. In this case the least significant information is that about boys being slightly higher in Geography, and the part about the greatest difference between two particular age groups. Notice the way data has been incorporate

15、d below. The prepositions and other useful terms are in italics. Task 1 寫作示范: The tables show averaged percentage scores achieved in the school subjects of Maths, Science, Geography, Languages and Sport by children aged 7, 10, 13, and 15 according to sex. The subjects for which the highest average s

16、cores were recorded were Sport,at 78% (boys), and Languages,at 75% (girls). The strongest subject for each sex was revealed to be the weakest for the opposite sex, with these two subjects also comprising the lowest recorded scores,at 60% and 70% respectively. Apart from these two subjects the perfor

17、mance of boys and girls was comparatively similar. Boys tended to score higher in Geography, with scores ranging from 63% to 70%, while scores for girls ranged between 62% and 64%. However, it is significant that at the age of 15 both boys and girls alike averaged a score of 64% for this subject. Th

18、e differences between the sexes for scores for Maths and Science were negligible. It is more interesting to observe the patterns that emerge when the data is examined in terms of age groups. In general, for both boys and girls, children tended to improve as they got older. For boys, between the ages

19、 of 7 and 15, improvement can be observed in these ranges of scores: Maths (63-67%), Science (70-73%), Geography (63-64%), and Sport (71-78%). For girls, it can be observed in these score ranges: Maths (64-68%), Science (69-72%), Geography (62-64%), and Languages (62-75%). The increase in scores for

20、 girls for this last subject, Languages, was the greatest overall improvement across the different age groups, and its rise from 65% to 75% also constituted the greatest margin between scores for any two particular age groups. The exceptions to the general trend were Languages, in which scores for b

21、oys steadily declined from 62% at 7 years to 58% at 15 years, and Sport, in which scores for girls steadily declined from 65% to 60%. The other significant exceptions that emerged were that both boys and girls recorded a slump between particular ages. For girls this happened between the ages of 10 a

22、nd 13, when scores in Maths fell by 1%, Science 2%, and Geography, Languages and Sport by 2%. For boys the ages at which this occurred were 13 to 15, when Maths and Languages both fell by 2%, Science 1% and Geography by 6%. Boysscores for sport actually increased by 3% during this period. To sum up,

23、 these tables show that in this study, on average, males in this age range performed better in Sport and females performed better in Languages. The other significant pattern that emerged from the data was that boys and girls both went through a slump in performance, but that this slump happened at d

24、ifferent ages for the different sexes. IELTS寫作示范及技巧講解（二）Task 1 : You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. Topic: Compare the types of communication used in 1962 and in 1982. You should write a minimum of 150 words. P-phone C-computer L-letter 寫作段落大意: Short / Simple Introduction. Paragraph tal

25、king about one behaviour Pattern. Paragraph talking about contradictory behaviour Pattern. Concluding Remark. Model Answers: 1、General Overview /Introduction. The two pie charts compare different methods of communication used in 1962 and 1982. We can see that for the three mediums surveyed, there ar

26、e significant changes for each. 2、Paragraph dealing with information which decreases. In 1962, letter writing was the most popular form of communication, accounting for 50% of the total. However, by 1982, this figure fell to just 10%, the smallest of that years figures. In this paragraph, we make it

27、 clear, which time period we are writing about. Dont repeat “the year”again and again. 3、Paragraph dealing with information which increases. By contrast, we can see that the use of the phone and computers during this same period have both risen dramatically. The telephone, at 60% becomes the most us

28、ed form of communication, rising from 35%. Similarily, the use of computers, doubles to 30%. (No need to use 15%. We can understand OK using this type of phrase.)Overall, we can see some important changes in the forms of communication employed during the two decades surveyed. IELTS寫作示范及技巧講解（三）Task 2

29、 : Topic: Most high level jobs are done by men. Should the government encourage a certain % of these jobs to be reserved for women? You should spend no more than 40 minutes on this task. You should write a minimum of 250 words. You should use your own ideasknowledge and experience to support your ar

30、guments with examples and relevant evidence. A: 寫作段落大意: 1、Introduction - short statement of opinion. 2、Body paragraph (1)(2) Different reasons to support opinion. (3) Statement of opposite point of view “balances” essay. 3、Conclusion - summarizes Body. B: Model Answers: 1、Introduction / opinion Most

31、 of the jobs in society that are high-paying，powerful，and demand a lot of responsibility are held by men. I do not believe this situation arose because women are incapable of doing high-level work. I believe society could benefit if more women were in postions of power and therefore I think the gove

32、rnment should reserve a percentage of these jobs for females. 2、Why should government encourage a certain % of high level jobs for women? (first reason)Firstly, the problem of unfair employment distribution appears to come from social convention and not competence or true ability. At a young age mos

33、t girls are not encouraged to pursue political office, business success, or professional prestige . On the other hand, boys are told to do these things. As a result, men hold the high level jobs but this does not mean they are very good at what they do. If the government set a quota for hiring women

34、 to do high level work, such as working in the government itself, then perhaps women would be more inspired to be ambitious in their life plans and contribute to a less-than perfect society. (second reason) Furthermore, regulations in the workplace for hiring women would not be a new thing. Although

35、 not written or made into law, there seems to be rules for who can and cannot have high-level jobs. For instance, if a man and a woman both competed for the presidency of a company or even the country, and both were equally qualified and had the same experience and background, there is little doubt

36、who would get the job. Even more, if the man was less qualified and less experienced than the woman, the man would still probably get the job because of his sex. Therefore, to legislate a percentage of high level jobs for women would work to fight the unwritten sexist rules of the workplace. Other p

37、oints of view: 3-different arguments against my opinion. On the other hand, there are many arguments against the use of a quota system for women. It is true that the injustice and discrimination could be reversed. This is to say that some qualified men might be denied a job while some unqualified wo

38、men would be given one. Also, the problem of sexism at work could be worsened instead of being overcome. People would doubt whether a women with a high level job was “truly capable” -men might feel bitterness and resentment, while women might think less of themselves and begin to depend on governmen

39、t “charity” Furthermore, there is the problem of defining what is a high-level job and determining an appropriate percentage. ( Final statement that supports my opinion again.) Nonetheless, a quota system would break down some barriers in the short-term. Sexism in the workplace will not just magical

40、ly disappear. 3、Conclusion To sum up, I have outlined some advantages and disadvantages of making quotas for the number of women in high level jobs. Despite some of the obvious problems I believe that men and women can and should share power, wealth, and prestige. It is a cause worthy of our efforts

41、. 2000年以后部分IELTS考試作文題目1999/12/4 TASK1讓寫一封短信給室友，說明考試后不辭而別的原因和回家途中的情況，并邀請他去家鄉(xiāng)訪問。TASK2是說有些人認為教孩子們良好的行為和品德的責(zé)任在學(xué)校，另一些人認為責(zé)任在家長，問你的觀點如何。因為IELTS評分標準中明確寫到第二篇的比重大，所以我先寫第二篇，建議大家效仿。2000.1.29 letter of inquire你在某學(xué)校上課但學(xué)校沒有體育設(shè)施，你寫信給最近的一個私人體育俱樂部（private sports club）詢問哪里的設(shè)施（facilities）成員資格（member-ship）收費（costs）情況2.快

42、餐2000/2/26 writing topic for argument:In 1995, England, a burglar was killed when he was committing a crime and finally the man was sentenced to be free. According to this event, what would happen in your country? And what is your opinion?2000/3/4 passage1:在機場的超市買了一個walkman壞了,給商場寫信說明情況.passage2:學(xué)生應(yīng)不

43、應(yīng)該穿制服,從正反兩方面論述.2000/3/182000/5/20 passage2:商場應(yīng)不應(yīng)該安裝攝像頭.從正反兩方面論述.2000/6/17task1:寫關(guān)于買的錄音機壞了，寫給廠家的抱怨信，task2:議論電子游戲?qū)η嗌倌甑挠绊憽?000/7/8 題目 TASK1 ，抱怨列車服務(wù)員、座位、晚點，給經(jīng)理寫信并提出建議(不要忘了寫Yours sincerely,和落款，大家切記）；TASK2 Most young people 在第一天上學(xué)感到alone,他們在第一天還會遇見什么困難，學(xué)校應(yīng)如何解決。2000/7/15 task1“你最近租的房子遭遇盜賊，寫信告訴房東小偷偷盜的細節(jié)和你丟了

44、什么東西，并建議房東提高房子的安全性?！眛ask2“小孩需要父母的不斷關(guān)心，但現(xiàn)在母親開始追求自己的職業(yè)。有人說父母之一必須承擔起照看小孩的任務(wù)。你同意還是不同意這一觀點。”2000/7/22 版本號44。（1）信：作者要上本地的college，請以前的老師寫reference。要說明上學(xué)的原因及要老師怎么做。我寫了很多，字是足夠了。簽名勉強擠在左下角。（2）Argument：廣告泛濫，人們需要的買，不需要的也買，青年受影響最甚。要限制廣告，你同意嗎？給出觀點。 IELTS寫作測驗技巧一總論注意答題的展示了解問題的意思用三節(jié)式寫作方法句子必須有意義考生常問的問題注意答題的展示12點應(yīng)注意的事情

45、：1）IELTS寫作測驗答題不用寫題目，也不用重寫問題在答案上方；2）左右必須留下約一寸的間格；3）您可用傳統(tǒng)方法（即每段的下一行向右移一寸）或用現(xiàn)代方法（在段落之間留一行空行）來分段，但千萬不要同時使用這種方法；4）千萬不要鄰行書寫；5）應(yīng)用盡每一行，由左到右的空間都應(yīng)用盡，除非最后一個字太長會超過右面留空的間隔；6）切記不要分字；7）寫大概10至12個字一行，這樣可限制自己字體不會太大，字與字之間的空位也不會太大，而且數(shù)字時也比較方便；8）用草寫。草寫令您的文章顯得較成熟，但必須易看。正寫字體顯得幼稚。由于草寫是一般受高深教育的西方人的寫法，為留下良好的第一印象，您應(yīng)采用這種寫法；9）盡量

46、選擇粗線條的原子筆和藍色墨水。心理學(xué)來說，較粗的筆跡令人有較深的印象，而藍色令人看得舒服和輕松；10）如您寫錯字的話，劃掉它重寫一次便可；11）雖然沒有明文規(guī)定是否整齊會影響分數(shù)，但心理學(xué)來講，您的文章是用來影響評分者的，因此整齊漂亮的文章會留下一個好印象；12）標點符號絕不能用錯，避免用感嘆號（！）和問號（？）。了解問題的意思如您不能做到以下幾點，您的寫作成績不會理想：1）用少的字數(shù)寫出題目要求您寫的答案。考試雖沒有限定最多字數(shù)，但試卷的空間卻有限；2）直接針對問題，當您準確地認定題目后寫作的時候不要偏離題目；3）清楚您的文章是對誰寫的。當您要考的是Academic Module,您的文章應(yīng)

47、用正式的格式來寫。例如當題目要求您寫信給學(xué)校老師，您應(yīng)用正式的格式。盡量不要用不正統(tǒng)的字眼，例如“etc”“and soon”等等；4）寫評分者想看到的答案，如題目要您寫“your own experience”，意思是指您過去所有的知識，并非真指您的個人經(jīng)驗（personal experience）。如題目是叫您提出意見或建議，千萬不要寫得太概括、太簡單和寫一些人所共知的事。記著應(yīng)詳細和針對要點。用三節(jié)式寫作方法正統(tǒng)的文章段落句子和每一個字都可分3部分一個字：(prefix) + stem + (suffix)例：(un) + forget + (able)一句基本句：subject + v

48、erb + complement例： I + love + you一段段落：1）題目句(Topic Sentence) - 說明這段落會表達的意見2）解釋(Explanation) - 令題目更清晰，讓讀者明白證明(Evidence) - 寫出證據(jù)支持自己的論據(jù)例子(Examples) - 進一步支持自己的論點額外說明(Extra detail) - 加強主題論點3）結(jié)句(Summary Sentence) - 總結(jié)整段一段文章：1）介紹(Introduction)2）主體(Body)3）結(jié)論(Conclusion)用這個規(guī)格寫文章，寫作表達的時候會輕松很多。句子必須有意義不要寫太簡單和沒有意

49、義的句子，但也不要故作深奧。一句正確而簡單的句子絕對比一句復(fù)雜而錯誤的句子好。例句：1）There are many rich and poor countries in the world.2）There are many more poor countries than rich countries,yet the latter are in possession of almost all the world's economic wealth.很明顯第二句比第一句提供更多資訊?？忌柕膯栴}如我在限時內(nèi)不能完成文章怎么辦?由于您不能在指定時間內(nèi)完成指定的工作，您的分數(shù)一定會大受

50、影響。您可多練習(xí)以增加速度。最聰明的方法是用20分鐘完成第一部分，用40分鐘完成第二部分。串字對錯是否會影響測驗成績?是的，串字和標點符號是否運用得當絕對會影響測驗成績，但不用因?qū)戝e一些字而緊張，始于您并非用英語作為母語，最重要的還是能正確表達您的意思出來。如我對要回答的問題完全不熟悉怎么辦?您首先應(yīng)問自己為什么這種情況會出現(xiàn)在您身上。測驗的兩部分都只會提及一般的知識，絕不需任何學(xué)術(shù)知識，您可多看一些英語的報紙和雜志以配合和認識世界所發(fā)生的事，尤其是在英語國家發(fā)生的新事物。我如何加快自己的寫作速度?自己可計時寫一些文章，慢慢增加自己的寫作速度。另外，用原珠筆寫字會比用鉛筆寫字寫得快，拿筆的姿勢

51、對寫作速度也會有影響，拿筆時千萬不要太用力，草寫英文絕對比正寫英文快。 IELTS寫作測驗技巧二寫作測驗的第一部份 WritingTask 1- 了解須回答的內(nèi)容和模式- 設(shè)計段落- 怎樣寫 Reference- 寫一個好的介紹文- 怎樣表達統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)- 寫好結(jié)論了解須回答的內(nèi)容和模式寫作測驗的第一部份是測試您解釋和表達一些圖表上的資料。您必須用自己的文字寫一篇完整的文章表達。您最少要寫150字。您不用給任何意見做任何假設(shè)或做結(jié)論。題目提供給您的資料會用以下其中一種方式出現(xiàn)： § 一幅圖畫（a graph） § 圓圖或柱圖（pie chart or bar chart） &#

52、167; 圖表內(nèi)有一些資料（Table of information） § 一程序或步驟圖（Diagram of stages of processor procedure） § 一連串事情的經(jīng)過（Sequence of events） § 說明書（表）（picture of an object showing how it works） 題目可能是一樣以上的圖表，題目有時不會特別說話，但通常您都會需要做一些資料的比較。在正式回答之前，用一兩分鐘弄清楚現(xiàn)有的資料和題目的要求。設(shè)計段落您只有20分鐘時間完成第一部份，您絕對沒有時間詳細安排。你首先需認清圖表的總義，然

53、后決定應(yīng)如何分段。記著您并不需要另分一段寫結(jié)論(Conclusion)。您的段落數(shù)目應(yīng)在3至5段之間為適宜。怎樣寫 Reference以下是用“Reference”的一些格式。這些句子會幫助讓讀者了解資料是出自何處。The       table/chart     diagramgraph shows (that).According to the As (is) shown in theAs can be seen from thetable/chart, diagram,graph,fig

54、ures,   .figures     statisticsshows (that).It can be seen from the We can see from theIt is clear from theIt is apparent from thetable/chart diagramgraphfigures(that) .diagramshows describesillustrateshow.§ 記著不要用這類句子太頻引至不必要的重覆。寫一個好的介紹文讀者看您的文章時是不會看那些圖表的，因此您的文章必須令人明

55、白圖表所表達的資料。文章的第一句的用處是作為一個介紹（Introduction），因此這一句必須寫得清楚，您可參考寫作測驗的參考文章。這一句必須要概括而客觀。怎樣表達統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)如您需寫的文章是關(guān)于圖表，您應(yīng)注意資料是固定在某一個時間（fixed in time）還是在連串的時間中轉(zhuǎn)變（changes over time）。如資料是一直轉(zhuǎn)變的，您應(yīng)用適當?shù)奈淖趾途渥用枋觥ＹY料轉(zhuǎn)變可以是增加（Increase），減少（Decrease），波動（Fluctuate）或穩(wěn)定（Remain Stable）。一般有兩種文法可以表達： § 動詞 + 副詞形式（Verb+Adverb form） &#

56、167; 形容詞 + 名詞形式（Adjective+Noun form） The number of (cars) VERB + ADVERB FORMincreased jumpedrosesignificantlydecreaseddroppedfellfluctuatedslightlysuddenly rapidlydramaticallysharplysteeplysteadilygraduallyslowlyfrom (June) to (December). between (June) and (December).There was a (very) ADJECTIVE + NOUNFORMsudden rapiddramaticsignificantsharpsteepsteadygradualslowslightincrease jumprisedecreasedropfallfluctuationin the number of (cars) from . to . in the number of (cars) between . and .§ 并不是每個詞都能配合，例如