1、Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World TradeOrganization馬拉喀什建立世界貿易組織協定（英漢對照）The Parties to this Agreement, 本協議各成員Recognizing that their relations in the field of trade and economic endeavour should be conducted with a view to raising standards of living, ensuring full employment and a large and

2、steadily growing volume of real income and effective demand, and expanding the production of and trade in goods and services, while allowing for the optimal use of the world s resources in accordance with theobjective of sustainable development, seeking both to protect and preserve the environment a

3、nd to enhance the means for doing so in a manner consistent with their respective needs and concerns at different levels of economic development,承認其貿易和經濟關系的發展，應旨在提高生活水平，保證充分就業和大幅度穩步提高實際收入和有效需求，擴大貨物與服務的生產和貿易，為持續發展之目的擴大對世界資源的充分利用，保護和維護環境，并以符合不同經濟發展水平下各自需要的方式，加強采取各種相應的措施；Recognizing further that there

4、is need for positive efforts designed to ensure that developing countries, and especially the least developed among them, secure a share in the growth in international trade commensurate with the needs of their economic development,進一步承認有必要作出積極的努力，以確保發展中國家，尤其是最不發達國家，在國 際貿易增長中獲得與其經濟發展相應的份額；Being desi

5、rous of contributing to these objectives by entering into reciprocal and mutually advantageous arrangements directed to the substantial reduction of tariffs and other barriers to trade and to the elimination of discriminatory treatment in international trade relations,期望通過達成互惠互利的安排，切實降低關稅和其它貿易壁壘，在國際

6、貿易關系中消除歧視待遇，為實現上述目標作出貢獻；Resolved, therefore, to develop an integrated, more viable and durable multilateral trading system encompassing the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, the results of past trade liberalization efforts, and all of the results of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Nego

7、tiations,從而決心建立一個完整的、更有活力的和持久的多邊貿易體系，以包括關稅與貿易總協定、以往貿易自由化努力的成果和烏拉圭回合多邊貿易談判的所有成果；Determined to preserve the basic principles and to further the objectives underlying this multilateral trading system,決心保持該多邊貿易體制的基本原則和加強該體制的目標；Agree as follows:協議如下：Article I Establishment of the Organization第一條組織的建立The

8、World Trade Organization (hereinafter referred to as “the WTO ) is hereby established.建立世界貿易組織(以下簡稱WTOArticle II Scope of the WTO第二條WTO的范圍1. The WTO shall provide the common institutional framework for the conduct of trade relations among its Membersin matters related to the agreements andassociated

9、 legal instruments included in the Annexes to this Agreement.1. WTO應為其成員從事與本協議各附件中的協議及其法律文件有關的貿易關系，提供 共同的體制框架。2. The agreements and associated legal instruments included in Annexes 1,2_ _and 3(hereinafte r referred to asa Multilateral Trade Agreements" ) are integralparts of this Agreement, bin

10、ding on all Members.3. .附件一、附件二和附件三中的各協議及其法律文件(以下稱“多邊貿易協議”)均是本協議的組成部分，并約束所有成員。4. The agreements and associated legal instruments included in Annex 4 (hereinafter referred to as a Plurilateral Trade Agreements" ) are also part of this Agreement for those Members that have accepted them, and are

11、binding on those Members. The Plurilateral Trade Agreements do not create either obligations or rights for Members that have not accepted them.5. 本規定附件四中各協議及其法律文件(以下稱“諸邊貿易協議”)，對接受諸邊貿易協議的成員而言，也是本協議的部分，并約束這些成員。對未接受諸邊貿易協議的成員，諸邊貿易協議不產生任何權利義務。6. The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 as specifie

12、d in Annex 1A (hereinafter referred to as ”GATT 1994 ) is legally distinct from the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, dated 30 October 1947, annexed to the Final Act Adopted at the Conclusion of the Second Session of the Preparatory Committee of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Emplo

13、yment, as subsequently rectified, amended or modified (hereinafter referred to as”GATT 1947 ).7. 附件一(1)中的關稅與貿易總協定(以下稱1994年關貿總協定)在法律上區別于1947 年10月30日簽訂的關稅與貿易總協定，后者附著于聯合國貿易與就業預備會議第二次會議 結束通過的最后文件，及其后來經核準、修正和修改的文本。Article III Functions of the WTO第三條WTO的職能1 .The WTO shall facilitate the implementation, ad

14、ministration and operation, and further the objectives, of this Agreement and of the Multilateral Trade Agreements, and shall also provide the framework for the implementation, administration and operation of the Plurilateral Trade Agreements.1. WTO應促進本協議和多邊貿易協議的執行、管理、運作，以及進一步實現各協議的 目標，并對諸邊貿易協議的執行、管

15、理和運作提供框架。2. The WTOshall provide the forum for negotiations among its Membersconcerning their multilateral trade relations in matters dealt with under the agreements inthe Annexes to this Agreement. The WTO may also provide a forum for further negotiations among its Members concerning their multilat

16、eral trade relations, and a framework for the implementation of the results of such negotiations, as may be decided by the Ministerial Conference.3. WTO應為各成員處理與本協議各附件有關的多邊貿易關系提供談判場所。如果部長 會議作出決定，WTOS可為各成員的多邊貿易關系的進一步談判提供場所，并為執行該談判 的結果提供框架。4. The WTOshall administer the Understanding on Rules and Proce

17、dures Governing the Settlement of Disputes (hereinafter referred to as the“ Dispute SettlementUnderstanding ” or “ DSU” ) in Annex 2 to this Agreement.5. WTOZ管理實施本協議附件二有關爭端解決的規則與程序的諒解(以下稱“爭端解決諒解”或“DSU” ) 。6. The WTO shall administer the Trade Policy Review Mechanism (hereinafter referred to as the “

18、 TPRM” ) provided for in Annex 3 to this Agreement.7. WTO管理實施附件三的貿易政策評審機制，WTO應和國際貨幣基金和國際復興和發展銀行及其附屬機構進行適當的合作，以更好地協調制訂全球經濟政策8. With a view to achieving greater coherence in global economic policy-making, the WTO shall cooperate, as appropriate, with the International Monetary Fund and with the Intern

19、ational Bank for Reconstruction and Development and its affiliated agencies.5為實現全球經濟決策的更大一致性，世貿組織應酌情與國際貨幣基金組織和國際復 興開發銀行及其附屬機構進行合作。Article IV Structure of the WTO第四條世貿組織的機構There shall be a Ministerial Conference composed of representatives of all the Members, which shall meet at least once every two

20、years. The Ministerial Conference shall carry out the functions of the WTOand take actions necessary to this effect. The MinisterialConference shall have the authority to take decisions on all mattersunder any of the Multilateral Trade Agreements, if so requested by a Member, in accordance with the

21、specific requirements for decision-making in this Agreement and in the relevant Multilateral Trade Agreement.1. 設立由所有成員的代表組成的部長級會議，應至少每2 年召開一次會議。部長級會議應履行世貿組織的職能，并為此采取必要的行動。如一成員提出請求，部長級會議有權依照本協定和有關多邊貿易協定中關于決策的具體要求，對任何多邊貿易協定項下的所有事項作出決定。2. There shall be a General Council composed of representatives of

22、 all the Members, which shall meet as appropriate. In the intervals between meetings of the Ministerial Conference, its functions shall be conducted by the General Council.The General Council shall also carry out the functions assigned to it by this Agreement. The General Council shall establish its

23、 rules of procedure and approve the rules of procedure for the Committees provided for in paragraph 7.2設立由所有成員的代表組成的總理事會，酌情召開會議。在部長級會議休會期間，其職能應由總理事會行使?？偫硎聲€應行使本協定指定的職能?？偫硎聲贫ㄗ约旱淖h事規則，并批準第7 款規定的各委員會的議事規則。3. The General Council shall convene as appropriate to discharge the responsibilities of the Disp

24、ute Settlement Body provided for in the Dispute Settlement Understanding. The Dispute Settlement Body may have its own chairman and shall establish such rules of procedure as it deems necessary for the fulfilment of those responsibilities.3總理事會應酌情召開會議，履行爭端解決諒解規定的爭端解決機構的職責。爭 端解決機構可有自己的主席，并制定其認為履行這些職責

25、所必需的議事規則。4. The General Council shall convene as appropriate to discharge the responsibilities of the Trade Policy Review Body provided for in the TPRM. The Trade Policy Review Body may have its own chairman and shall establish such rules of procedure as it deems necessary for the fulfilment of thos

26、e responsibilities.4.總理事會應酌情召開會議，履行TPRM中規定的貿易政策審議機構的職責。貿易政策審議機構可有自己的主席，并應制定其認為履行這些職責所必需的議事規則。5. There shall be a Council for Trade in Goods, a Council for Trade in Services and a Council for Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (hereinafter referred to as t he “ Council for TRIPS ”

27、), which shall operate under the general guidance of the General Council. The Council for Trade in Goods shall oversee the functioning of the Multilateral Trade Agreements in Annex 1A. The Council for Trade in Services shall oversee the functioning of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (here

28、inafter referred to as “ GATS” ). The Council for TRIPS shall oversee the functioning of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (hereinafter referred to as the “ Agreement on TRIPS” ). These Councils shall carry out the functions assigned to them by their respective a

29、greements and by the General Council. They shall establish their respective rules of procedure subjectto the approval of the General Council. Membership in these Councils shall be open to representatives of all Members. These Councils shall meet as necessary to carry out their functions.5 設立貨物貿易理事會、

30、服務貿易理事會和與貿易有關的知識產權理事會(下稱 " TRIPS理事會”)，各理事會應根據總理事會的總體指導運作。貨物貿易理事會應監督附件1A所列多邊貿易協定的實施情況。服務貿易理事會應監督服務貿易總協定(下稱"GATS")的實施情況。TRIPS理事會應監督與貿易有關的知識產權協定(下稱 "TRIPS協定")的 實施情況。各理事會應履行各自協定和總理事會指定的職能。它們應自行制定各自的議事規則， 但需經總理事會批準。各理事會的成員資格應對所有成員的代表開放。各理事會應在必要時召開會議，以行使其職能。6. The Council for Trad

31、e in Goods, the Council for Trade in Services and the Council for TRIPS shall establish subsidiary bodies as required. These subsidiary bodies shall establish their respective rules of procedure subject to the approval of their respective Councils.6 貨物貿易理事會、服務貿易理事會和TRIPS 理事會應按要求設立附屬機構。各附屬機構應自行制定各自的議

32、事規則，但需經各自的理事會批準。7 The Ministerial Conference shall establish a Committee on Trade and Development, a Committee on Balance-of-Payments Restrictions and a Committee on Budget, Finance and Administration, which shall carry out the functions assignedto them by this Agreement and by the Multilateral Trad

33、e Agreements, and any additional functions assigned to them by the General Council, and may establish such additional Committees with such functions as it may deem appropriate. As part ofits functions, the Committee on Trade and Development shall periodically review the special provisions in the Mul

34、tilateral Trade Agreements in favour of the least-developed country Members and report to the General Council for appropriate action. Membership in these Committees shall be open to representatives of all Members.7部長級會議應設立貿易與發展委員會、國際收支限制委員會和預算、財務與行政委員會， 各委員會應行使本協定和多邊貿易協定指定的職能，以及總理事會指定的任何附加職能。 部長級會議還

35、可設立具有其認為適當的職能的其他委員會。作為其職能的一部分，貿易與發展委員會應定期審議多邊貿易協定中有利于最不發達國家成員的特殊規定，并向總理事會報告以采取適當行動。各委員會的成員資格應對所有成員的代表開放。8 The bodies provided for under the Plurilateral Trade Agreements shall carry out the functions assigned to them under those Agreements and shall operate within the institutionalframework of the W

36、TO.These bodies shall keep the General Councilinformed of their activities on a regular basis.8諸邊貿易協定項下規定的機構履行這些協定指定的職責，并在世貿組織的組織機構 內運作。各機構應定期向總理事會報告其活動。Article V Relations with Other Organizations第五條世貿組織與其他組織的關系The General Council shall make appropriate arrangements for effective cooperation with o

37、ther intergovernmental organizations that have responsibilities related to those of the WTO.1 總理事會應就與職責上同世貿組織有關的政府間組織進行有效合作作出適當安排。2. The General Council may make appropriate arrangements for consultation and cooperation with non-governmental organizations concerned with matters related to those of t

38、he WTO.2總理事會可就與涉及世貿組織有關事項的非政府組織進行磋商和合作作出適當安 排。Article VI The Secretariat第六條 秘書處There shall be a Secretariat of the WTO (hereinafter referred to as“ theSecretariat ” ) headed by a Director -General.1、世貿組織設立一個由總干事領導和秘書處。2. The Ministerial Conference shall appoint the Director-General and adopt regulat

39、ions setting out the powers, duties, conditions of service and term of office of the Director-General.2部長級會議應任命總干事，并通過列出總干事的權力、職責、服務條件和任期的條 例。3. The Director-General shall appoint the members of the staff of the Secretariat and determine their duties and conditions of service in accordance with regu

40、lations adopted by the Ministerial Conference.3總干事應任命秘書處職員，并依照部長級會議通過的條例，確定他們的職責和服務 條件。4. The responsibilities of the Director-General and of the staff of the Secretariat shall be exclusively international in character. In the discharge of their duties, the Director-General and the staff of the Secr

41、etariat shall not seek or accept instructions from any government or any other authority external to the WTO. They shall refrain from any action which might adversely reflect on their position as international officials. The Members of the WTO shall respect the international character of the respons

42、ibilities of the Director-General and of the staff of the Secretariat and shall not seek to influence them in the discharge of their duties.4總干事和秘書處職員的職責純屬國際性質。在履行其職責時，總干事和秘書處職員不得尋求或接受世貿組織之外任何政府或任何其他權力機關的指示。他們應避免任何可能對其國際官員身份產生不利影響的行動。世貿組織成員應尊重總干事和秘書處職員職責的國際性質，不得尋求在他們履行職責時對其施加影響。Article VII Budget an

43、d Contributions第七條預算與會費The Director-General shall present to the Committee on Budget, Finance and Administration the annual budget estimate and financial statement of the WTO. The Committee on Budget, Finance and Administration shall review the annual budget estimate and the financial statement pres

44、ented by the Director-General and make recommendations thereon to the General Council. The annual budget estimate shall be subject to approval by the General Council.1. 總干事應向預算、財務與行政委員會提交世貿組織的年度概算和決算。預算、財務 與行政委員會應審議總干事提交的年度概算和決算，并就此向總理事會提出建議。年度概算應經總理事會批準。2. The Committee on Budget, Finance and Admin

45、istration shall propose to the General Council financial regulations which shall include provisions setting out:(a)the scale of contributions apportioning the expenses of the WTO among its Members; and(b)the measures to be taken in respect of Members in arrears.The financial regulations shall be bas

46、ed, as far as practicable, on the regulations and practices of GATT 1947.2預算、財務與行政委員會應向總理事會提出有關財務條例的建議，該條例應包括列 出下列內容的規定：(a)根據世貿組織費用確定的各成員會費分攤比例；及(b)對拖欠會費成員所采取的措施。財務條例應盡可能依據GATT1947的條例和做法。3. The General Council shall adopt the financial regulations and the annual budget estimate by a two-thirds major

47、ity comprising more than half of the Members of the WTO.3.總理事會應以世貿組織半數以上成員的三分之二多數通過財務條例和年度概算。4. Each Member shall promptly contribute to the WTO its share in the expenses of the WTO in accordance with the financial regulations adopted by the General Council.4.每一成員應依照總理事會通過的財務條例，迅速向世貿組織交納其在世貿組織費用 中分攤

48、的份額。Article VIII Status of the WTO第八條世貿組織的地位1. The WTO shall have legal personality, and shall be accorded by each of its Members such legal capacity as may be necessary for the exercise of its functions.1 .世貿組織具有法律人格，世貿組織每一成員均應給予世貿組織履行其職能所必需的 法定資格。2. The WTO shall be accorded by each of its Members

49、 such privileges and immunities as are necessary for the exercise of its functions.2 .世貿組織每一成員均應給予世貿組織履行其職能所必需的特權和豁免。3 . The officials of the WTOand the representatives of the Members shall similarly be accorded by each of its Members such privileges and immunities as are necessary for the independe

50、nt exercise of their functions in connection with the WTO.4 .世貿組織每一成員應同樣給予世貿組織官員和各成員代表獨立履行與世貿組織有 關的職能所必需的特權和豁免。5 . The privileges and immunities to be accorded by a Member to the WTO, its officials, and the representatives of its Members shall be similar to the privileges and immunities stipulated i

51、n the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies, approved by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 21 November 1947.4.世貿組織一成員給予世貿組織、其官員及其成員的代表的特權和豁免應與1947年11月21日聯合國大會批準的 聯合國專門機構特權及豁免公約所規定的特權和豁免相似。6 . The WTO may conclude a headquarters agreement.7 .世貿組織可訂立一總部協定。

52、Article IX Decision-Making第九條決策The WTO shall continue the practice of decision-making by consensus followed under GATT1947(1). Except as otherwise provided, where a decision cannot be arrived at by consensus, the matter at issue shall be decided by voting. At meetings of the Ministerial Conference a

53、nd the General Council, each Member of the WTO shall have one vote. Where the European Communities exercise their right to vote, they shall have a number of votes equal to the number of their memberStates(2)which are Members of the WTO. Decisions of the Ministerial Conference and the General Council

54、 shallbe taken by a majority of the votes cast, unless otherwise provided in this Agreement or in the relevant Multilateral Trade Agreement(3).1 .世貿組織應繼續實行GATT1947所遵循的經協商一致作出決定的做法。除非另有規定，否則如無法經協商一致作出決定，則爭論中的事項應通過投票決定。在部長級會議和總理事會會議上，世貿組織每一成員擁有一票。如歐洲共同體行使投票權，則其擁有的票數應 與屬世貿組織成員的歐洲共同體成員國的數目相等。部長級會議和總理事會的

55、決定應以所投票數的簡單多數作出，除非本協定或有關多邊貿易協定另有規定。2 . The Ministerial Conference and the General Council shall have the exclusive authority to adopt interpretations of this Agreement and of the Multilateral Trade Agreements. In the case of an interpretation of a Multilateral Trade Agreement in Annex 1, they shall

56、exercise their authority on the basis of a recommendation by the Council overseeing the functioning of that Agreement. The decision to adopt an interpretation shall be taken by a three-fourths majority of the Members. This paragraph shall not be used in a manner that would undermine the amendmentpro

57、visions in Article X.3 .部長級會議和總理事會擁有通過對本協定和多邊貿易協定所作解釋的專有權力。對 附件1中一多邊貿易協定的解釋，部長級會議和總理事會應根據監督該協定實施情況的理事 會的建議行使其權力。通過一項解釋的決定應由成員的四分之三多數作出。本款不得以損害第10條中有關修正規定的方式使用。3. In exceptional circumstances, the Ministerial Conference may decide to waive an obligation imposed on a Memberby this Agreement or any of

58、the Multilateral Trade Agreements, provided that any such decision shall be taken by three fourths (4) of the Members unless otherwise provided for in this paragraph.(a)A request for a waiver concerning this Agreement shall be submitted to theMinisterial Conference for consideration pursuant to the practice of decision-making by consensus. The Ministerial Conference shall establish a time-period, which shall not exceed 90 days, to consider the request. If consensus is not reached during the time-period, any dec