1、高二高二暑暑英語英語假專題：語法復習假專題：語法復習代詞代詞人教實驗版人教實驗版【本講教育信息本講教育信息】一. 教學內容：暑假專題：語法復習代詞代詞二. 代詞類別 1. 人稱代詞：you, i, he, she, we, they, it 及其賓格：you, me, him, her, us, them, it. 2. 物主代詞：形容詞性：your, my, his, her, our, their, its;名詞性：yours, mine, his, hers, ours, theirs, its. 3. 反身代詞：yourself; myself; himself; herself; i

2、tself, ourselves, themselves, yourselves. 4. 相互代詞：each other; one another. 5. 指示代詞：this, that, these, those, such 6. 疑問代詞：what; which, who 等用于特殊疑問句。 7. 連接代詞：what, which, who 等用于引導名詞性從句。 8. 關系代詞：what; which; who 等用于定語從句。 9. 不定代詞：some, any, no 等是不指明代替任何特定名詞或形容詞的詞。代詞種類繁多，用法復雜，但重點是不定代詞，難點是 it, one, that

3、 的用法區別。三. 不定代詞的用法不定代詞一覽表可數one, each, many, both, another, either, neither, (a) few不可數much, (a) little可數/不可數none, any, other, all, some復合不定代詞anyone; anybody, anything; someone, somebody, something, everything, nobody, nothing一不定代詞的語法特征1. every 和 no 只能用作形容詞，不能用作代詞2. 復合不定代詞只起代詞作用，作主語時，謂語動詞一概用單數。表物類的復合不

4、定代詞，指代代詞用單數，即：it , its; 表人類的復合不定代詞，指代代詞通常用復數，即：they; their, them 等。he said something was lost, but he didnt say what it was.someone is waiting for me at the school gate, but i have no idea who they are(or who he or she is).3. 復合不定代詞都不可接 of 短語，但 some one, every one, any one 都是兩個詞，之后可接 of 短語注意 no one

5、不可接 of 短語 。every one of the students can speak good english.4. 除它們之外，其他的不定代詞既可用作代詞，又可用作形容詞none 只能用作代詞 。形容詞修飾復合不定代詞時，必須置其后。there is always something new about the cinema development. 二不定代詞的難點：1. 區別：none, no one, nothingnone 既可指人，也可指物，常答復 how many/much 的疑問句；no one 只能指人，常答復 who 的疑問句；nothing“什么也沒有，否認一切，

6、答復 what 的疑問句。如:how many people are there in the room now?none.who is in the room? no one. /nobody.2. another, other, the other, others, the others 的用法不定代詞意義用法說明 another任何一個，另一個指三者或三者以上中的任何一個，用作代詞或形容詞。如：i dont like this coat. show me another, please. other另外的只能作定語，常與復數名詞或不可數名詞連用；但如果前面有 the, this, tha

7、t, some, any, each, every, no, one 及 my, your, his 等時，那么可與單數名詞連用。如 any other plant, every other day.the other兩者中的另一個常與 one 連用，構成“onethe other；作定語修飾復數名詞時，表示“全部中的其余的others泛指別的人或物是 other 的復數形式，泛指別的人或物但不是全部 ，不能作定語，構成 some; othersthe others特指其余的人或物是 the other 的復數形式，特指其余的人或物三全部否認和局部否認1all, both, everyone,

8、 everybody, everything 以及 every+名詞都表示全部肯定；no one, none, nobody, nothing, not, any,以及 no+名詞都表示全部否認；但當 not 出現在含有表示全部肯定的句子中，不管 not 在它們之前或之后都表示局部否認，如：both of them havent read this story. = only one of them has read this story.all of the boys are clever, but none of them can work out this problem.all bam

9、boo doesnt grow tall. = not all bamboo grows tall. = some bamboo grows tall, but some doesnt.we fear no difficulty.= we dont fear any difficulty.neither of them wants to stop for a rest.2總括性副詞如：everywhere, always, altogether, wholly(全部地)和 not 連用時，也表示局部否認。如：such a thing cant be found everywhere.這種事并非

10、到處可見。such a thing can be found nowhere.這種事什么地方也見不到。四both, all, either, any, neither, none 的用法都任何都不兩者botheitherneither三者以上allanynone如：1 ，28we asked john and jerry, but neither of them could offer a satisfactory explanation.2 ，21i visited joe and linda to dinner, but neither of them came.3 ，22which of

11、 the three ways shall i take to the village? any way as you please.ex：1i had to buy _ these books because i didnt know which one was the best.2thats an unpleasant thing to say about your father after _ hes done for you.3it is easy to do the repair. _ you need is a hammer and some nails.四. 替代詞的用法 one

12、, ones, the one, the ones, that, those關于替代詞試題，首先要明白使用替代詞的目的就是代替前面的名詞，以防止重復。那么，做題時首先要弄清楚替代詞替代什么樣的名詞，如：可數還是不可數？是泛指還是特指？其中 one 用來替代前面出現的單數名詞，是泛指概念，相當于 a/an+單數名詞；ones用來替代前面出現的復數名詞，也是泛指概念；the one 用來代替前面的特指的單數名詞，有時可用 that 代替。the ones 用來代替前面的特指的復數名詞，有時可用 those 代替。that用來替代前面的特指的單數可數名詞或特指的不可數名詞，相當于 the+單數/不可

13、數名詞。如：mr. zhang gave me a very valuable present, one(=a present) that i have never seen.mr. zhang gave me many valuable presents, ones(many presents) that i have never seen.the book on the desk is better than that/ the one under the desk.the books on the desk are better than those/ the ones under th

14、e desk.五. it 的根本用法 1用作人稱代詞，代替前文提到過的事物。 the train has arrived. it arrived half an hour ago. 2用以代替提示代詞 this, that。 whats this? its a knife. whose watch is that? its mine. 3起指示代詞的作用，指一個人或事物。 who is knocking at the door? its me. 4指環境情況等。 it was very noisy (quiet) at the very moment. 5指時間、季節等。 what time

15、is it? its eight oclock. it often rains in summer here. 6指距離。 it is a long way to the school. 7作形式主語。 it is not easy to finish the work in two days. it is no use crying over spilt milk. it is a pity that you didnt read the book. 8作形式賓語。 i think it no use arguing with him. i found it very interesting

16、 to study english. he made it clear that he was not interested in that subject. 9用于強調結構。 it was xiao ming whom(that)i met in the street last night. it was in the street that i met xiao ming last night. it was last night that i met xiao ming in the street. it was i who met xiao ming in the street las

17、t night. 六. 含有“it is 的句型 1it is time (for sb.) to do sth. it is (high) time that sb. did sth.(虛擬語氣) 2it is + 形容詞+of / for sb.+ to do sth. 通常用 of 的詞有brave、clever、careful、hopeless、kind、good、naughty、nice、silly、stupid、foolish、wise等。 3it is + 形容詞 + that + sb. + (should) do sth.虛擬語氣 能用于這個句型的形容詞有strange、wo

18、nderful、natural、good、proper、right、wrong、well、fortunate、important、necessary、useless、likely、probable、impossible 等。有時可省去 should 而直接用動詞原形。如： it is important that we should pay close attention to grain. it is natural that heshouldsay so. 4it is no use/ good + doing sth. it is no use trying again = it is

19、of no use to try again. 5it is + 被強調局部 + that/who + was it in the street that you met her? who was it that called him “comrade? it was not until yesterday that i met my old friend. it is in a small factory that my brother is going to work.注意上述各句均為強調句型的“考點 比擬：it is a small factory where my brother is

20、 going to work.定語從句 6it is said/reported/announced/ (well) known that 7it is/was + 時間 + since 從已多久了。 it is three years since i met him in beijing. it was a long time since i (had lived in that small mountain village with these farmers.注意兩句中的時態 it is five months since i arrived in new york.我到紐約已經五個月了

21、。 it is five months since i was in new york.我離開紐約已經五個月了。 注意：終止性動詞表示從動作發生時算起；如果是狀態動詞或持續性動詞，那么從動作或狀態結束時算起。 8it is + 時間 + before 這個句型和上面句型中的時間都是時間段，如 long、years、months、weeks、five days、three hours、twenty minutes 等。不過主句的時態多用一般將來時或一般過去時。 it will be several years before we meet again. 我們要過好幾年才能再見面。 it was

22、not long before they set out for the front. 不久他們就出發去了前線。 9it is /was/will be the first/second/third time that it is the first time that i have been here. it was the second time that he had seen the film. 10it is up to sb. to do sth. 應由某人做某事。 it is up to you to decide whether we start or not. 七. 代詞短語

23、one after another 一個又一個we have won one victory after another.from one to another 從一個到另一個he went from one shop to another to look for a present for you.every other day = every two days= every second day 每兩天we have an english class every other day.some other day= another day 其他某一天im busy these days. l

24、ets have a get- together some other day.the other day= not long ago 幾天前the other day i came across an old classmate of mine.anything but 決不，并不he is anything but a polite man.nothing but 只是，無非是he likes nothing but football.no more than = only 僅有sorry, i have no more than ten dollars on me.other than

25、不同于，除了theres nobody here other than me.every now and then=from time to time= once in a while 不時地，偶爾in other words= that is to say= that is 換句話說，也就是說one the one hand on the other hand= for one thingfor another thing 一方面；另一方面only a few=very few 很少quite a few= a good few= not a few 相當多【模擬試題模擬試題】 1. i a

26、gree with most of what you wanted, but i dont agree with _. a. everythingb. anythingc. somethingd. nothing 2. sarah has read lots of stories, by american writers. now she would like to read _ stories by writers from _ countries. a. some; anyb. other; somec. some; otherd. other; other 3. youre always

27、 studying. come on; lets go playing basketball. _ you ever want to do is going playing basketball. a. anythingb. somethingc. alld. that 4. i hate _ when people talk with their mouths full. a. itb. thatc. thesed. them 5. dr. black comes from either beijing or tianjin. i cant remember _. a. whereb. th

28、erec. whichd. that 6. few pleasures can equal _ of a cool drink on a hot day. a. someb. anyc. thatd. those 7. do you want tea or coffee? _. i really dont mind. a. bothb. nonec. eitherd. neither 8. one of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and _. a. the other is whiteb. another white c.

29、 the other whited. another is white 9. miss glory refused to accept _ of the three plans. a. eitherb. neitherc. anyd. none 10. if you want to change for a double room, youll have to pay _ $15. a. anotherb. otherc. mored. each 11. why dont we take a little break? didnt we just have _? a. itb. thatc.

30、oned. this 12. he was nearly drowned once. when was _? _ was in when he was in middle school. a. that; itb. this; thisc. this; itd. that; this 13. if this magazine is not yours, _ can it be? a. what elseb. who elsec. which elsesd. who elses 14. the rich get used to canned food, however, the food ban

31、k needs _ for the poor. a. moreb. muchc. manyd. most 15. both class 1 and class 3 are in hard training; _ is willing to lose the football match. a. eitherb. neitherc. anotherd. the other 16. in fact _ is a difficult experience for the police to keep order in the olympics. a. thisb. thatc. thered. it

32、 17. we bought a new car but _ will need a lot of work before we can use it. a. web. itc. oned. which 18. can you go on june or july? im afraid _ month is possible. a. eitherb. neitherc. somed. any【試題答案試題答案】15 accac610 cccca1115 cadab1618 dba解析 1. a。everything 與 not 連用，表示局部否認。句意：“我對你所說的話絕大局部都同意，但并非每

33、一樣事情我都同意。 2. c。第一句說明 sarah 已經讀了許多美國作家寫的小說。第二句第一空表達她現在愿意讀的另一些小說，但沒有明確數目，所以應填 some；sarah 要讀的另一些小說，是除美國以外的其他國家的作家寫的，因此第二空應填 other.。 3. c。all 是主句主語，謂語是 is going playing；all 后接定語從句(that)you ever want to do。 4. a。hate 后常接 it when。這里形式賓語 it = when people talk with their mouths full.。 5. c。由 either beijing or tianjin 知：which. = which of the two cities he comes from.。 6. c。此題考查指示代詞 that 的用法。相對應的雙方是 few pleasures 與 a cool drink