1、 定語可以由形容詞、代詞、數詞定語可以由形容詞、代詞、數詞(shc)、名詞、分詞、不、名詞、分詞、不定式、介詞短語等來擔任，修飾名詞。定式、介詞短語等來擔任，修飾名詞。(以介詞短語、分詞為例）以介詞短語、分詞為例） 例：例： The girl behind the tree is Kate. The man driving too fast was drunk（喝醉的）（喝醉的）. 定語從句定語從句(cn j)在英語中，修飾名詞或代詞的句子叫定語從句在英語中，修飾名詞或代詞的句子叫定語從句(cn j)。 例：例：The girl who is behind the tree is Kate.

2、The man who was driving too fast was drunk.第1頁/共41頁第一頁，共42頁。關系代詞如何關系代詞如何(rh)引導定語從句引導定語從句普通代詞與關系代詞的區別普通代詞與關系代詞的區別I have a sister.She works in Shanghai. 代替代替 sister普通代詞：只起代替的作用（如上例普通代詞：只起代替的作用（如上例she)I have a sister who/that works in Shanghai.關系代詞：關系代詞： （如上例（如上例who/that） 1.代替代替(dit)先行詞先行詞; 2.它還在定語從句中擔

3、任一定的成分它還在定語從句中擔任一定的成分; 3. 同時連接先行詞與它引導的定語從句。同時連接先行詞與它引導的定語從句。 （把主句（把主句和從句連起來）和從句連起來）第2頁/共41頁第二頁，共42頁。 The building is our school. The building stands by the river.v 關系代詞的使用取決于先行詞，它們的關系非常密切，因為關系關系代詞的使用取決于先行詞，它們的關系非常密切，因為關系代詞在定語從句中代替主句中的先行詞，所以它在一般情況下都跟代詞在定語從句中代替主句中的先行詞，所以它在一般情況下都跟在先行詞之后，而且它的在先行詞之后，而且它的

4、 人稱人稱(rnchng)(rnchng)、數必須和先行詞一致。、數必須和先行詞一致。The building which/that stands by the river is our school. 先行詞先行詞 關系詞關系詞 定語定語(dngy)從句從句vwhich/that which/that 是關系代詞，它在從句中代替先行是關系代詞，它在從句中代替先行詞詞the building, the building, 同時擔任同時擔任(dnrn)(dnrn)從句中的主從句中的主語，也起連詞的作用，把兩個簡單句連接語，也起連詞的作用，把兩個簡單句連接 起來。起來。第3頁/共41頁第三頁，共4

5、2頁。 關系詞判關系詞判 斷斷 步步 驟驟 : 首先，要看先行詞。首先，要看先行詞。 如果如果(rgu)先行詞是指人先行詞是指人,關系代詞關系代詞 可用可用 who,that,whom,whose。如果。如果(rgu)先行詞指物先行詞指物,關系關系 代詞可用代詞可用which或或that;v 然后，要確定關系然后，要確定關系(gun x)詞在從句中的成分。請看下表詞在從句中的成分。請看下表先行詞先行詞 主格主格 賓格賓格 所有格所有格 人人who,thatwho(m),that whose 物物which,that which,thatwhose,of which第4頁/共41頁第四頁，共42

6、頁。關系詞關系詞先行詞所指先行詞所指關系詞在句中作用關系詞在句中作用關系關系代詞代詞that人人/物物主、賓、表主、賓、表which物物主、賓、表、定（偶）主、賓、表、定（偶）who人人主、賓主、賓whom人人賓賓whose人人/物物定定關系關系副詞副詞when時間時間時間狀語時間狀語where地點地點地點狀語地點狀語why原因原因原因狀語原因狀語第5頁/共41頁第五頁，共42頁。 最后，定語從句謂語動詞和先行詞一致最后，定語從句謂語動詞和先行詞一致. 注注:定語從句的時態不受主句的限制。定語從句的時態不受主句的限制。 The woman who/that spoke at the meeti

7、ng yesterday is my mother. (主句主句)The woman is my mother.(敘述客觀事實敘述客觀事實 用一般用一般(ybn)現在時現在時) (從句從句)The woman (who/that) spoke at the meeting yesterday. (句中句中yesterday表示過去時間表示過去時間)第6頁/共41頁第六頁，共42頁。the tallthe strong the cleverboyThe boy is Tom.The boy who is tall is Tom.The boy who is strong is TomThe bo

8、y who is clever is Tom第7頁/共41頁第七頁，共42頁。 The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling. The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face. The boy who is smiling is Tom. (主語主語(zhy)The boy who has a round face is Tom. The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.The boy who sits in front of me is Tom. 第8頁/共41頁第八頁，共42頁。 The man

9、 is kind. Everyone likes him. The man (whom) everyone likes is kind. (賓語賓語(bny) The woman got the job. We saw her on the street.The woman (whom) we saw on the street got the job. The teacher will give us a talk. We met the teacher yesterday. The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk.第9

10、頁/共41頁第九頁，共42頁。關系關系(gun x)(gun x)代詞代詞 1.who1.who指人指人, ,作主語或賓語作主語或賓語(bny)(bny)(作賓語作賓語(bny)(bny)可省略）可省略）The man( who) I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.2.whom2.whom指人指人, ,作賓語作賓語 ( (作賓語可省略作賓語可省略, ,如如 介詞介詞(jic)(jic)提前則不能省提前則不能省) ) The man (whom/who) I talked to is

11、 Mr. Li.The man to whom I talked is Mr. Li.第10頁/共41頁第十頁，共42頁。關系關系(gun x)(gun x)代詞代詞 3.whose 3.whose 是代詞是代詞(dic)(dic)的所有格形式的所有格形式, , 它它既可以代人也可以代物。既可以代人也可以代物。 Please show me the book . Its cover is red. Please show me the book whose cover is red.I saw a woman . Her bag was stolen .I saw a woman whose

12、bag was stolen.第11頁/共41頁第十一頁，共42頁。applethe redthe greenthe smallthe bigThe apple which is red is mine.The apple which is green is yours.The apple which is red is smallThe apple which is green is big.第12頁/共41頁第十二頁，共42頁。Can you find the pen? I wrote with it just now.Can you find the pen with which I w

13、rote just now?Can you find the pen (which) I wrote with just now? 第13頁/共41頁第十三頁，共42頁。4.which 4.which 指物，作主語或賓語指物，作主語或賓語 ( (作賓作賓(zu bn) (zu bn) 語可省略語可省略, ,如介詞提前則不能省如介詞提前則不能省) ) These are the trees which were planted last year.The TV set (which) he bought yesterday is made in Japan. Is this the librar

14、y (which) you borrow books from?Is this the library from which you borrow books?第14頁/共41頁第十四頁，共42頁。1)This is the hero( whom) we are proud of. This is the hero of whom we are proud . This is the hero(that) we are proud of .2)The room (that) I live in is very big. The room (which) I live in is very bi

15、g. The room in which I live is very big.注意: 固定動介詞組不可分割,介詞不能提前(tqin).例如:look after,look at 關系關系(gun x)代詞與介詞代詞與介詞: 介詞放在關系介詞放在關系(gun x)代詞的前面時代詞的前面時,介詞賓語只能用介詞賓語只能用which代物代物, 用用whom代人。代人。(介詞在末尾時介詞在末尾時,關系關系(gun x)詞可以省略詞可以省略)The room where I live is very big.第15頁/共41頁第十五頁，共42頁。 定語從句中需注意事項定語從句中需注意事項 有些情況下只用

16、關系詞有些情況下只用關系詞that,而不宜用而不宜用which1.從句所修飾從句所修飾(xish)的詞又被形容詞最的詞又被形容詞最高級或序數詞修飾高級或序數詞修飾(xish)時時 This is the most interesting story( that )I have ever heard. The first meeting( that) we will take part in will be held in the afternoon. 2.先行詞是先行詞是 something, nothing, anything等不定代詞時等不定代詞時 Here is something( t

17、hat) I will tell you.第16頁/共41頁第十六頁，共42頁。3.先行先行(xinxng)詞既有人也有物時詞既有人也有物時,只能用只能用that I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see. 4.先行先行(xinxng)詞是詞是one of,the one, 或用或用 little, much, few, no, all, some, any, the only, the very, the same, the last 作修飾時作修飾時 Is it the one that you want

18、? I havent got much that I can offer you. 5.當主句已有疑問詞當主句已有疑問詞 who或或which時，用時，用that Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting? 第17頁/共41頁第十七頁，共42頁。注注: who、that在指人可以通用，但下列宜用在指人可以通用，但下列宜用 who,不用不用that 1).先行詞是先行詞是anyone, someone, those時，時，關系詞使用關系詞使用(shyng)who Those who want to go to the Great Wall

19、sign up here. Is there anyone who wants to go there? 2).在在there be 句型中，先行詞指人句型中，先行詞指人,關系詞關系詞用用who There is an old man who wants to see you. There are many young men who are against him.第18頁/共41頁第十八頁，共42頁。 關系關系(gun x)副詞副詞 關系關系(gun x)副詞是用來引導定語從句的，它和副詞是用來引導定語從句的，它和關系關系(gun x)代詞一樣代詞一樣,在從句中代替先行詞在從句中代替先行詞

20、,在句中在句中作狀語。作狀語。 where:在從句中作地點在從句中作地點(ddin)狀語狀語,指代地點指代地點(ddin). when: 在從句中作時間狀語在從句中作時間狀語,指代時間。指代時間。1.The hotel wasnt clean. + We stayed at the hotel.The hotel where we stayed wasnt clean.The hotel at which we stayed wasnt clean.The hotel (which) we stayed at wasnt clean.第19頁/共41頁第十九頁，共42頁。2.Ill never

21、 forget the day. I joined the Party on that day. Ill never forget the day when I joined the Party. Ill never forget the day on which I joined the Party .第20頁/共41頁第二十頁，共42頁。(1) The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.The scientist we met yesterday is very who famous in the wor

22、ld. whom that (2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.The dress that she is wearing is new. which 第21頁/共41頁第二十一頁，共42頁。(3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him. (4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.He is the kind person that I have ever worked who with. whom This is the

23、 best film that I have ever seen. 第22頁/共41頁第二十二頁，共42頁。 單項選擇(xunz)。 1. This is the job _they laughed at. A.which B.as C.it D.who 2. Beihai Park is a beautiful park_built about 300 years ago. A.where was B.that were C.which was D.where3. Who was the grey-haired man _at yesterdays meeting?A.we saw him

24、B.we saw C.we saw who D.she was seen4. The man _is painting the house is my uncle. A.he B.whom C.whose D.who5. What is the animal _baby is sleeping in its pocket? A.who B.whose C.its D.whichACBDB第23頁/共41頁第二十三頁，共42頁。6. This book is for the students _mother language isnt English. A.that B.of whom C.wh

25、ose D.whos7. The robbers shouted, “Hands up!Ill shoot anyone _moves!” A.whom B.that C.who D.whose8.The dictionary_he paid 50 yuan for is very useful. A.which B.for which C.on which D.about which9The boy_parents died two years ago lives with his grandpa now. A.whose B.who C.his D./10.The man_ is smok

26、ing is a bus driver. A. whom B.who C. which D. whatCCAAB第24頁/共41頁第二十四頁，共42頁。1. This is the bag _ my mother bought yesterday. A. thatB. who C. whom D. this2. The man _ lives next to us is my English teacher. A. whom B. which C. whoD. /3. The girl _ you saw in the street is Mary. A. thatB. whose C. wh

27、ichD. as定語從句(cn j)練習第25頁/共41頁第二十五頁，共42頁。4. Is this the factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday? A. the oneB. which C. who D. whom5. Is this factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday? A. the one B. that C. which D. /6. The only language _ is easy to learn is the mother tongue. A. whichB. th

28、at C. /D. it定語從句(cn j)練習第26頁/共41頁第二十六頁，共42頁。7. The girl handed everything _ she had picked up in the street to the police. A. whichB. in which C. thatD. all8. _ cleans the blackboard should be praised. A. That B. Who C. The one whoD. The students who9. Please show me the book _ you bought yesterday.

29、 A. whichB. whom C. whose D. this定語從句(cn j)練習第27頁/共41頁第二十七頁，共42頁。10. This is the best book _ I have been looking for all this year. A. whoB. whom C. which D. /11. This is the only article of these that _ written by him. A. wasB. were C. isD. are12. The man _ was here just now is a doctor. A. whomB.

30、who C. /D. he定語(dngy)從句練習第28頁/共41頁第二十八頁，共42頁。13. The boy _ has two lovely dogs. A. who live next door B. which lives next door C. whom lives next door D. that lives next door14. Those _ made no mistakes in todays exercises please raise your hands. A. whichB. whom C. thatD. who15. The farm _ we staye

31、d last week is a lovely place for a holiday. A. when B. where C. that D. at that定語從句(cn j)練習第29頁/共41頁第二十九頁，共42頁。16. He is the most careful boy _ I know. A. whatB. which C. as D. ./ 17. This is the school _ Mr. Smith once taught. A. in thatB. when C. whereD. there18. Have you visited the house _ the

32、famous scientist was born? A. whereB. in that C. that D. which定語從句(cn j)練習第30頁/共41頁第三十頁，共42頁。19. The factory _ Mr. Li used to work was closed last week. A. whenB. where C. thatD. which20. Do you still remember the day _ we first met? A. thatB. when C. what D. on that定語從句(cn j)練習第31頁/共41頁第三十一頁，共42頁。2

33、1. October 1,1949 is the day _ well never forget. A. when B. that C. whereD. in which22. October 1,1949 was the day _ the Peoples Republic of China was founded. A. whichB. when C. whereD. in which23. Is this the shop _ sells childrens clothing? A. whichB. where C. in whichD. what定語從句(cn j)練習第32頁/共41

34、頁第三十二頁，共42頁。24. Is this museum _ they visited last month? A. thatB. which C. whereD. the one25. I still remember the sitting-room _ my mother and I used to sit in the evening. A. whatB. which C. thatD. where定語(dngy)從句練習第33頁/共41頁第三十三頁，共42頁。26. Have you seen the girl _? A. that I told B. I told you of

35、 C. whom I told D. I told of27. The days are gone _ we use “foreign matches”. A. during when B. during that C. on which D. during which 28. Finally the thief handed in everything _ he had stolen to the police. A. whichB. that C. what D. whatever定語從句(cn j)練習第34頁/共41頁第三十四頁，共42頁。29. The lecture spoke o

36、f some writers and novels _ were known to us all. A. whichB. that C. who D. what30. I can still remember the sitting room _ my mother and I used to sit in the evening. A. whatB. which C. that D. where 31. It was raining hard, _ kept us indoors. A. whichB. that C. asD. what定語從句(cn j)練習第35頁/共41頁第三十五頁，共42頁。32. The only question _ is to find our way home. A. that mattered B. that matters C. which matteredD. matter 33. In the dark street, there was nt a single person _ she could turn for help. A. thatB. who C. from whomD. to whom34. The farmers used wood to build a house _ grain can be stored.