1、高考英語核心詞匯* ability能力；才能【常見短語】 ability to do sth. of high / low / average ability sbs abilities as sth. to the best of your ability【詞典例句】 1. The health center serves all patients, regardless of their ability to pay. (Longman) 2. The system has the ability to run more than one program at the same time.

2、 (Oxford)【高考考例】 1. The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself. (湖南 2011) 2. If you grow up in a large family, you are more likely to develop the ability to get on well with others.【用法搭配】 表示能力時，后面常常用動詞不定式作定語而不能用of doing sth. I admire people who have the ability of being positiv

3、e. (×) I admire people who have the ability to be positive. ()* access (接近的)方法；通路；可接近性【常見短語】 have / get / gain / deny access to easy access to .【詞典例句】 1. We have access to the Internet at the library. (Merriam-Webster) 2. The police managed to gain access through an upstairs window. (Longman)【高

4、考考例】 The system has been designed to give students quick and easy access to the digital resources of the library. (浙江2009)【用法搭配】 注意access后面常常跟介詞to, 其形容詞為accessible；后面也同樣和介詞to搭配。如：The information should be accessible to all.*adapt 改變；改編；適應(yīng) 【常見短語】 adapt sth. for sth. adapt oneself to sth.【詞典例句】 1. Mos

5、t of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people. (Oxford) 2. The good thing about children is that they adapt very easily to new environments. (Cambridge) 3. The teachers adapted the curriculum so that students of all abilities will benefit from it. (Merriam-Webster)【高考考例】The

6、 good thing about children is that they adapt very easily to new environments. (浙09)【用法搭配】1. adapt意為“改變”時，相當(dāng)于modify；意為“適應(yīng)”時，相當(dāng)于adjust。2. 注意其形似詞：adopt 收養(yǎng)，采用。* admit 承認(rèn)；準(zhǔn)予進(jìn)入【常見短語】 admit defeat / responsibility I dont mind admitting .【詞典例句】 1. You will not be admitted to the theatre after the performan

7、ce has started. (Oxford) 2. I didnt think Id like the movie, but I have to admit that it was good. (Merriam-Webster) 【高考考例】 If you leave the club, you will not be admitted back in. (2009全國卷II)【用法搭配】 admit 可以用作及物動詞和不及物動詞，常見搭配如下： admit (to) sth. / doing sth. admit that . admit to sb. that . be admitte

8、d that .* against 反對；緊靠；預(yù)防；以為背景【常見短語】 against the law / ones will / ones principle vote / fight / compete against【詞典例句】 1. Some people were for the proposal but others were against it. (Merriam-Webster) 2. His parents were angry when they learned he had borrowed the car against their wishes. (Merria

9、m-Webster)【高考考例】 1. Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back against a big tree. (四川2010) 2. My father warned me against going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists. (津 2010)【用法搭配】 注意against為介詞，后面可以跟名詞，表示反對或違背某事物等；還可以和動詞連用構(gòu)成短語，如go against, play against等。* apply 涂；應(yīng)用；申請【常見短語】 apply f

10、or a job / passport apply to a company apply in person / by letter【詞典例句】 1. To apply for our credit card, just fill out this form and send it to us. (Merriam-Webster) 2. We can handle these problems effectively if we apply the lessons learned from past experiences. (Merriam-Webster) 3. By the time I

11、 saw the job advertised it was already too late to apply. (Cambridge) 4. If you apply yourself, you might be able to finish the project on time. (Merriam-Webster)【高考考例】 How can I apply for an online course? (北京2007)【用法搭配】 apply (to sb.) for sth. apply to do sth. apply sth. to sth. apply yourself to

12、sth. / to doing sth.available 可利用的；可用到的；有用的【常見短語】 make / have sth. available become available【詞典例句】 1. Meetings were held to update employees as soon as new information became available. (Longman) 2. There are plenty of jobs available in the area. (Longman)【高考考例】 1. Just use this room for the time b

13、eing, and well offer you a larger one as soon as it becomes available. 2. There are plenty of jobs available in the western part of the country. (浙江 2008)* beyond 超出；超過 【常見短語】 beyond sb. beyond recognition / belief / repair / descriptionbeyond ones control / reach / ability【詞典例句】 1. From the house w

14、e can see the valley and the mountains beyond it. (Merriam-Webster) 2. Tonights performance has been cancelled due to circumstances beyond our control. (Cambridge)【高考考例】 1. Everybody was touched beyond words after they heard her moving story. (2009全國卷I) 2. . the old one has been damaged beyond repai

15、r. (江蘇2008) 3. Elizabeth has already achieved success beyond her wildest dreams. (陜西008)* charge 主管；指控；收費(fèi)；充電【常見短語】 free of charge without charge in charge of take charge of【詞典例句】 1. He wanted to take charge of the organization. (Merriam-Webster) 2. The concert at the school is free of charge. (Merri

16、am-Webster) 3. After being questioned by the police; she was released without charge. (Oxford)【高考考例】 1. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone when local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. (江蘇2009) 2. Could I speak to whoever is in charge of International Sales, please? (山東 2007

17、)【用法搭配】 Charge用作動詞，意為“收費(fèi)”時，常用charge sb. for sth.；意為“指控”時，常用be charged with/charge sb. with sth.。* convenient 方便的；附近的【常見短語】 be convenient for sb. / sth.【詞典例句】 1. It might be more convenient to use a calculator, rather than adding the numbers yourself. (Merriam-Webster) 2. What time would it be conven

18、ient for me to come round? (Cambridge) 3. I find it convenient to be able to do my banking by phone. (Cambridge)【高考考例】 1. Would it be convenient for you to pick me up at four oclock and take-me to the airport? (山東 2008) 2. If it is quite convenient to you, I will visit you next Tuesday. (天津2005)【用法搭

19、配】 convenient一般不用表示人的詞做主語，常用于句型：It is convenient for sb. to do* doubt 懷疑【常見短語】 There is no / little / some doubt about . in doubt beyond doubt raise doubts about. cast doubt on .【詞典例句】 1. There is no doubt in my mind that he is the best candidate. (Merriam-Webster) 2. The future of the stadium is in

20、 doubt because of a lack of money. (Cambridge) 3. If theres any doubt about the rockets engines, we ought to cancel the launch. (Cambridge)【高考考例】 1. There remains a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project. (安徽 2009) 2. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt t

21、hat a cure for AIDS will be found. (廣東2005)* expect 期望；預(yù)計【常見短語】 expect sth. from sb. I (dont) expect so It is expected that . as expected, . expect (sb.) to do sth. sb./sth. be expected to do expect a lot of sb. / expect too much of sb. How do / can you expect .? 【詞典例句】 1. Its expected that the new

22、products will be available next month. (Merriam-Webster) 2. Hes still getting over his illness, so dont expect too much from him. (Oxford) 3. As expected, the whole family was shocked by the news. (Longman)【高考考例】 1. You cant predict everything. Often things dont work out as you expect. (江西2011) 2. D

23、uty is an act or a course of action that people expect you to take by social customs, law or religion. (湖北2011)* fail 失敗；不及格；出故障；衰退【常見短語】 fail in sth. fail to do sth. I fail to see / understand .【詞典例句】 1. I fail in my attempt to persuade her. (Oxford) 2. I passed in history but failed in chemistry.

24、(Longman) 3. The planes engine failed, forcing an emergency landing. (Merriam-Webster)【高考考例】 1. William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail. (2011 全國卷I) 2. Youve failed to do what you were expected to and I'm afraid the teacher will blame you. (四川2010)

25、【用法搭配】 Fail可以做既無動詞和不及物動詞，用作不及物動詞時，常構(gòu)成fail in sth.。fail后面常跟動詞不定式，表示不能夠做某事。 find發(fā)現(xiàn)；找出；感到【常見短語】 find fault (with sb./sth.) find out find one's way find a solution to【詞典例句】 1. 1 wanted to talk to him but he was nowhere to be found. (Oxford)；2. 1 find it hard to concentrate with that music playing. (

26、Webster-Merriam)3. 1 found them quite easy to use. (Longman)【高考考例】1. The two girls are so alike that strangers find it difficult to tell one from the other.（山東2011)：2. Even the best writers sometimes find themselves lost for words.（浙江2011)3. She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the Children h

27、ad eaten everything! (山東2011)【用法搭配】find的用法很廣。當(dāng)跟雙賓語時，常常用于以下句型：1. find it hard / easy / difficult, etc. to do sth.2. find賓語形容詞動詞不定式動詞-ing形式過去分詞3. find oneself doing sth.有時候可以表示出乎意料的發(fā)現(xiàn) fit適合；安裝；與···一致；健康的；恰當(dāng)?shù)摹境Ｒ姸陶Z】 fit in (with sb. / sth.)； keep fit be fit for sb. / sth be. fit to do sth

28、.【詞典例句】 1. 1 tried the dress on but it didn't fit. (Oxford)2. They fitted a smoke alarm to the ceiling. (Oxford)；3. I just dont think hes fit for this job. (Webster-Merriam)4. 1 swim twice a week to try and keep fit. (Longman)，【高考考例】 1. My schedule is very tight right now, but Ill try to fit you

29、 in. （浙江2011)2. Swimming is my favorite sport. There is nothing like swimming as a means of keeping fit.【用法搭配】 fit作動詞，一般指形狀和大小合適；用作形容詞時，可以用于句型：be fit for sth或者be fit to do sth. gain獲得；增加；（指鐘表）走得太快【常見短語】 gain entry / entrance / access to gain independence / support / experience / confident gain an un

30、derstanding / insight / impression of gain weight / strength【詞典例句】 1. There is much to be gained from seeking expert advice early. (Longman) 2. I gained a lot of weight while I was on holiday. (Cambridge) 3. My watch gains two minutes every 24 hours. (Oxford)【高考考例】Children who are not active or whos

31、e diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.（北京2010) happen發(fā)生；碰巧【常見短語】 It happened that as it happens / happened happen to sb.【詞典例句】 1. She pressed the button but nothing happened. (Oxford) 2. It happened that she was out when we called. (Oxford) 3. The children happened to be asleep when we call

32、ed. (Webster-Merriam) 4. As it happened, it rained that day. (Webster-Merriam)【高考考例】 1. 1 was out of town at the time. So I don't know exactly how it happened. (山東2009) 2. One day while walking along the bank of a lake, the girl happened to see 20 eggs laid by a wild goose. (2007全國卷1) 3. Eliza r

33、emembers everything exactly as if it happened yesterday. (2006全國卷I)【用法搭配】 happen一般表示偶然發(fā)生，不能用被動形式：還可以表示碰巧，常用句型為It happened that 或者h(yuǎn)appen to do sth. have 【常見用法】 have的意思很多常見的用法有： 1. 表示攜帶：have sth. on / with sb. 2表示做某事：have a look / walk / sleep / talk /think, etc. 3表示吃飯：have breakfast / lunch / dinner

34、/ a meal, etc. 4表示經(jīng)歷：have a good / hard / terrible. etc. time 5. 表示生病：have a cold / cough / cancer 6. 表示有時間: have time to do sth. 7表示讓某人做某事：have one's hair cut / your house painted, etc. 8表示主語的某種遭遇：have sth. stolen / broken /taken, etc. 9. 表示把某事準(zhǔn)備好或完成：have sth. ready /done / finished, etc. 10. 表

35、示讓某人做某事：have sb. dodoing sth.【詞典例句】 1. We didn't want to do it, but we had no choice. (Webster-Merriam) 2. I was having difficulty in staying awake. (Oxford) 【高考考例】 1. Claire had her luggage checked an hour before her plane left. (陜西2011) 2. Just a minute. I'll have Bob show you to your room

36、. (北京2007) 3. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English improved in a short period. (福建2007) however不管多么；然而【詞典例句】1. Sales are up this quarter. However, expenses have increased as well. ( Webster- Merriam)2. She couldnt convince him, however hard she tried. ( Webs

37、ter- Merriam)【高考考例】1. An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on a persons character; however, they are not always permanent. (湖北2011)2. However hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread. (遼寧 2008)【用法搭配】however 可以用作連詞和副詞： 用作連詞引導(dǎo)狀語從句， 后面常常跟形容詞或者副詞， 相當(dāng)于no matter

38、 how adj. / adv. ; 用作副詞時， 常常單獨(dú)使用， 后面常用逗號與其后的句子分開。 imagine 想象【常見短語】I cant imagineIts difficult / easy/ possible/ impossible, etc. to imagine sth.imagine sb. / sth. as sth. I imagine so.【詞典例句】1. After such a dry summer, its difficult to imagine what rain looks like. (Longman)2. Imagine (that) youre ea

39、ting an ice creamtry to feel how cold it is. (Cambridge)3. She imagined walking into the office and handing in her resignation. (Oxford)【高考考例】1. Hard to imagine his legs were once broken. (浙江2007)2. It is difficult to imagine his accepting the decision without any consideration. (陜西 2006)【用法搭配】imagi

40、ne 后不能直接跟動詞不定式，而要用動詞-ing 形式，動詞-ing 形式前還可以有自己的邏輯主語。 it 為代詞， 指代的用法很多，高考常見的有：Rumor has it that As sb. put it,Its believed / considered that. It seems thatIt is . that / who (強(qiáng)調(diào)句式)enjoy/ love/ like/ hate it + when 從句appreciate it if 從句 manage / make it I cant help it.【詞典例句】1. It appears that the two lea

41、ders are holding secret talks. (Oxford)2. They made it clear that they needed our help. (Webster-Merriam)3. It was in New Zealand that Elizabeth first met Mr. Cronje. (Longman)4. I would appreciate it if you would tell your father to call me. (Webster-Merriam)【高考考例】1. The employment rate has continu

42、ed to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase it.（北京2011)2. Why don't you bring it to his attention that you're too ill to work on? (江西2011)keep保持；保存；保護(hù)；保留；保守；記下；飼養(yǎng)【常見短語】keep one's balancekeep (sb.) warm / safe / dry / quiet / silent keep one's p

43、romise / wordkeep a diaryan account / a record keepfrom.【詞典例句】1. I'm very sorry to keep you waiting. (Oxford)2. The local newspaper keeps people informed about what's happening in town. (Webster-Merriam)【高考考例】1. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself reminded of

44、his own dreams.2. Simon made a big bamboo box to keep the little sick bird till it could fly.（四川2011)【用法搭配】keep后面如果跟動詞時，要用動詞-ing形式，還可以用于句型“keep賓語形容詞動詞-ing形式過去分詞”。free 【常用義】 adj. 自由的，空閑的【特別關(guān)注】1. adj. 不受約束的，不受限制的，言行自由的 eg. Everyone is free to express himself. 每個人都可以暢所欲言。【考例】 (2009全國II) And you should

45、feel free to call or visit me. 2. adj. 免費(fèi)的eg. They offered us free tickets to the show. 他們給了我們幾張展覽會的免費(fèi)票。【考例】 (2010重慶) Everything comes with a price; there is no such thing as free lunch in the world. 3. adj. 不含有害物質(zhì)的，不受傷害(或影響等)的eg. People with certain diseases have to eat salt-free foods. 患有某些病的人只能吃不

46、含鹽的食物。 【考例】 (2009北京) The author believes that her future will be free from troubles.4. v. 釋放，使自由eg. The tiny mouse freed the great lion. 小老鼠終于救了大獅子。【考例】 (2010江西) Modern machinery has freed people from that primitive existence. freeze 【常用義】 v. 結(jié)冰，（使）凍結(jié)【特別關(guān)注】1. v. （使）凍死，極冷 eg. Every time she opens the

47、 window, we all freeze. 每次她打開窗，我們都凍得要死。【考例】(2008 遼寧) How does it live where most fish would freeze to death? 2. v. （因害怕等）不動，停住，驚呆，嚇呆eg. The police officer shouted “Freeze!” and the man dropped the gun. 警察大喊“不許動！” 那個男人便放下了槍。【考例】 (2009湖南) Grandfather froze in fear. Was he going to lose the job?3. v. 使

48、定格eg. Freeze the action there! 把這個畫面定格在那里！ 【考例】 (2007 湖南) Why do we all seek to freeze in time the faces of our children, our parents, our lovers, and ourselves?hit 【常用義】 v. 擊，打 【特別關(guān)注】1. v. 擊中，命中 eg. A bullet hit him in the head. 一顆子彈擊中了他的頭部。【考例】(2008 浙江) An apple fell from the tree and hit him on t

49、he head. 2. v. (自然災(zāi)害，疾病等) 襲擊，使遭受eg. An earthquake hit Wenchuan on May 12, 2008. 2008年5月12日，汶川遭受了一場猛烈的地震。【考例】（2009福建）The World Health Organization gave a warning to the public without any delay, when the virus of H1N1 hit Mexico in April, 2009.3. v. (突然)想到或找到（與on, upon等連用） eg. She was scared he might

50、 hit on the truth. 她非常害怕他或許會發(fā)現(xiàn)事實(shí)的真相。【考例】 （2010湖北）The impressive inventor, Thomas Edison, used this state to hit upon many of his new ideas. 4. n. 轟動一時的人或事，很受歡迎的人（或事物） eg. The song became a hit at once. 這首歌曲立刻風(fēng)靡一時。hard 【常用義】 adv. 努力地，費(fèi)力地，艱難地【特別關(guān)注】 1. adv. 沉重地，大量地，長時間地 eg. It was snowing hard. 當(dāng)時下著大雪。

51、【考例】 (2007 上海) No matter how hard the rain falls and the wind blows, the police keep to their posts. 2. adj. 難做的，難懂的，難以回答的eg. Its hard to believe that shes only nine. 很難相信她只有九歲。【考例】（2007 浙江）- Look！Hes running so fast! -Hard to imagine his legs were once broken.3. adj. 艱難的，艱苦的，困苦的eg. As life was very

52、 hard, I used to work to help bring money in for the family. 因為生活很苦難，我常常干活為家里掙些錢。【考例】（2010 北京）And Sara had a hard time cutting in on some speakers from Lation America or Israel.4. adj. 堅固的，堅硬的，結(jié)實(shí)的eg. Diamond is the hardest known mineral. 鉆石是已知的最堅硬的礦石。【考例】（2008安徽）Although some books with hard covers

53、are expensive, lack缺少：缺乏【常見短語】through / for lack of sth. Lack for nothing 應(yīng)有盡有【詞典例句】1. She has never been accused of lacking confidence. (Webster-Merriam)2. The trip was cancelled through lack of interest. (Oxford)3. The food is lacking in salt. (Penguin)【高考考例】1. The lack of eco-friendly habits amon

54、g the public is thought to be a major cause of global climate change. 2. More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities for lack of space. (福建2010)【用法搭配】lack可以用作名詞和動詞，用作動詞時，后面不能跟in 或 of, 如： We lack ideas. 不能說： We lack in/ of ideas. 但可以說：We are lacking in ideas. last 最后的； 上一個； 持續(xù)【常見短

55、語】The last person/ thing, etc. to do sth.last but not leastat last 【詞典例句】1. I hate being the last one to arrive at a meeting. (Cambridge)2. They say the snow will last until the end of next week. (Cambridge)【高考考例】1. In the last few years thousands of films have been produced all over the world.（天津2011)2. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.（江蘇2009)【