1、選修 8 unit 1 a land of diversity . 閱讀理解a (2018 全國 ,a) washington,d.c.bicycle tours cherry blossom bike tour in washington,d.c. duration:3 hours this small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of washington,d.c.your guide will provide a history

2、 lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom.reserve your spot before availability-and the cherry blossoms -disappear! washington capital monuments bicycle tour duration:3 hours (4 miles) join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in washington,d.c.exp

3、lore the monuments and memorials on the national mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop.guided tour includes bike,helmet,cookies and bottled water. capital city bike tour in washington,d.c. duration:3 hours morning or afternoon,this bike tour is the perfect tour for d.c.newc

4、omers and locals looking to experience washington,d.c.in a healthy way with minimum effort.knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about presidents,congress,memorials,and parks.comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route (路線) make cycling between the sites fun and rel

5、axing. washington capital sites at night bicycle tour duration:3 hours (7 miles) join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of washington,d.c.get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of capitol hill and the national mall.frequent stops are made f

6、or photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history.tour includes bike,helmet,and bottled water.all riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights. 1.which tour do you need to book in advance? a.cherry blossom bike tour in washington,d.c. b.washington capital monuments bicycle

7、 tour. c.capital city bike tour in washington,d.c. d.washington capital sites at night bicycle tour. 2.what will you do on the capital city bike tour? a.meet famous people. b.go to a national park. c.visit well-known museums. d.enjoy interesting stories. 3.which of the following does the bicycle tou

8、r at night provide? a.city maps. b.cameras. c.meals. d.safety lights. 語篇解讀 : 本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了在華盛頓特區(qū)進行的四項自行車旅行。答案及剖析 : 1.a 細節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)第一項自行車旅行中的“reserve your spot before availabilityand the cherry blossoms disappear!”可知 , 這項自行車旅行需要預訂。其他三項自行車旅行都沒有提到需要預訂。2.d 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三項自行車旅行中的“knowledgeable guides will ent

9、ertain you with the most interesting stories about presidents,congress,memorials,and parks.”可知 , 在capital city bike tour中, 導游會為你講述關(guān)于總統(tǒng)、國會、紀念碑和公園的最有趣的故事。3.d 細節(jié)理解題。由題干中的at night可定位到最后一項自行車旅行。根據(jù)最后兩句“tour includes bike,helmet,and bottled water.all riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lig

10、hts.”可知 , 在晚上進行的這項自行車旅行給游客配備了安全燈。b (2018 北京朝陽區(qū)期末) the domestication(馴化 ) of cats for centuries,the common view of how domestication had occurred was that prehistoric people,realizing how useful it would be to have animals kept for food,began catching wild animals and breeding(飼養(yǎng) ) them.over time,by

11、allowing only animals with “tame”( 馴養(yǎng)的) characteristics to produce their babies,human beings created animals that were less wild and more dependent upon people.eventually this process led to the domestic farm animals and pets that we know today,having lost their ancient survival skills and natural a

12、bilities. recent research suggests that this view of domestication is incomplete.prehistoric human beings did catch and breed useful wild animals,but specialists in animal behavior now think that domestication was not simply something people did to animals the animals played an active part in the pr

13、ocess.wolves and wild horses,for example,may have taken the first steps in their own domestication by hanging around human settlements,feeding on people s crops and getting used to human activity.the animals which were not too nervous or fearful to live near people produced their babies that also to

14、lerated humans,making it easier for people to catch and breed them. in this version,people succeeded in domesticating only animals that had already adapted easily to life around humans.domestication required an animal that was willing to become domestic.the process was more like a dance with partner

15、s than a victory of humans over animals. at first glance,the taming of cats seems to fit nicely into this new story of domestication.a traditional theory says that after prehistoric people in egypt invented agriculture and started farming,rats and mice gathered to feast on their stored grain.wildcat

16、s,in turn,gathered at the same places to hunt and eat the rats and mice.over time,cats got used to people and people got used to cats.some studies of wildcats,however,seem to call this theory into question.wildcats don t share hunting and feeding areas,and they dont live close to people.experts do n

17、ot know whether wildcats were partners in their own domestication.they do know that long after people had acquired domestic dogs,sheep and horses,they somehow acquired domestic cats.gradually they produced animals with increasingly tame qualities. 4.what is suggested in recent research? a.animals we

18、re less afraid than thought. b.animals had an active role in their domestication. c.wolves and horses were the first to be domesticated. d.domestication meant something people did to animals. 5.the word “dance” is used in paragraph 3 to show that . a.animals and humans were close b.control over anim

19、als was easy c.animals were independent of humans d.domestication was like a game 6.what probably attracted cats to human settlements? a.other cats. b.warmth. c.humans. d.food. 7.what causes a problem for the theory that cats were domesticated like wolves were? a.cats were not friendly to people. b.

20、cats were not as fierce as wolves. c.cats had the characteristic of independence. d.cats showed cleverness when they were hunting. 語篇解讀 : 關(guān)于野生動物的馴化, 常見的觀點是: 早期人類捕捉野生動物并馴養(yǎng)它們; 最近的研究顯示, 在人類馴養(yǎng)野生動物的過程中, 動物也起著積極的作用。答案及剖析 : 4.b 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句中的domestication was not simply something people did to animalst

21、he animals played an active part in the process.可知 , 動物在被人類馴化的過程中也起著積極的作用。5.a 推理判斷題。 從文中第三段可知, 人類馴化那些愿意成為家養(yǎng)的動物。這個過程更像是與舞伴一起跳舞 , 而非人類戰(zhàn)勝動物。由此可見, 在野生動物的馴化過程中, 人類和動物是親近的。6.d 推理判斷題。 由最后一段可知, 古埃及人開始農(nóng)業(yè)耕種, 老鼠開始聚集在他們儲存糧食的地方,野貓也因此聚集于此捕殺老鼠。可見, 吸引貓到人類聚居地可能的原因是貓尋找食物, 即老鼠。7.c 推理判斷題。 根據(jù)最后一段中的wildcats dont share hu

22、nting and feeding areas,and they dont live close to people.可知 , 野貓不會共享捕獵和覓食地, 它們和人類住得并不近。這和第二段中的最新研究表明的“人類和一些后來被馴化的野生動物住得很近”相矛盾, 即貓擁有獨立的個性這一點使這一理論的合理性受到了挑戰(zhàn)。. 語法填空 (2018 遼寧丹東五校聯(lián)考) a team of scientists from ohio state university did tests on 33 volunteers and found that people who exercised while list

23、ening to music did much 1. (well) on language ability tests than without music. the volunteers said they 2. (feel) better emotionally and physically after exercising with or without music. but their 3. (improve) on the tests doubled after listening to music during exercise. researches have shown it

24、is true that music can be good for health, education and well-being.“exercise seems to cause positive changes in the nervous system,4. may influence learning ability,”said charles emery,who led the study. scientists have been studying the effects of music 5. understanding since the early 1950s. scie

25、ntists often use mozart s music, especially his violin pieces 6. (help) children with speech disorders.the reason why mozart is chosen is 7. his music is not overexciting and has clear structures.a study showed students 8. (listen) to mozart scored higher marks in an intelligence test. with importan

26、t exams drawing near, your parents will not 9. (probable) allow you to listen to music. but perhaps now you have good 10. (reason) to argue with them. 語篇解讀 : 很多人擔心聽音樂會影響工作和學習, 但研究表明有些音樂不但不會影響我們,而且會幫助我們把事情做得更好。答案及剖析 : 1.better 句意為 : 那些聽著音樂鍛煉的人在語言能力測試上比不聽音樂的人做得更好。much修飾形容詞的比較級, 且根據(jù)空后的than 可知應填 better。

27、2.felt 句意為 : 志愿者說無論聽不聽音樂, 鍛煉后他們的身心都感覺好多了。根據(jù)said 可知此處也相應地用一般過去時, 故填 felt。3.improvement 句意為 : 但是在鍛煉時聽音樂使他們的測試成績翻倍。their為形容詞性物主代詞,后接名詞 , 故填 improvement 。4.which 句意為 : 鍛煉似乎能引起神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的積極變化, 這可能會影響學習能力。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知, 設空處為非限制性定語從句, 修飾前面整句話, 故填 which 。5.on/upon 句意為 :20世紀50 年代初以來科學家一直在研究音樂對理解力的影響。effect與on/upon 搭配使用

28、 , 意為“對的影響”, 故填 on/upon 。6.to help 句意為 : 科學家經(jīng)常用莫扎特的作品, 尤其是他的小提琴曲來幫助那些有言語障礙的孩子們。 use.to do.意為“用來做”, 此處應用動詞不定式表目的, 故填 to help。7.that 句意為 : 選擇莫扎特的音樂是因為他的曲子不會讓人過于興奮, 而且有清晰的脈絡。 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知 , 句子的主語為reason,is為系動詞 , 設空處引導表語從句, 且從句成分完整,故填 that 。8.listening 句意為 : 研究表明 , 聽莫扎特音樂的學生在智力測試中取得的分數(shù)更高。設空處應用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語, 修飾 st

29、udents,表主動 , 故填 bably 句意為 : 隨著重要考試的臨近, 你的父母可能不會讓你聽音樂。設空后為動詞, 應用副詞修飾 , 故填 probably 。10.reasons 句意為 : 但是或許現(xiàn)在你有充分的理由反駁他們了。reason為可數(shù)名詞 , 此處應用其復數(shù)形式表示泛指, 故填 reasons 。. 短文改錯 (2018 福建廈門質(zhì)檢 ) one day,i happened to watch a program about traditional villages on tv.out of interesting,i made a trip

30、 to a nearby village with my parents.the moment i was arrived, i thought i entered a dream world. we were warmly welcomed or treated to the local cuisine. groups of villager sang and danced happy to the folk music which was played with wooden drums and pipes.we watched our performances in admiration.while we were chatting with elderly,they expressed their great concern about passing on the songs in future generations. the precious experience has teach me the importance of preserve traditional culture. 答案 :one day,i hap