1、1 / 239（北京專用）2021 屆高三英語下學期 5 月全真模擬試卷 4 （含解析）（北京專用） 2021 屆高三英語下學期 5 月全真模擬試卷 4（含解析）（考試時間：90 分鐘 試卷滿分：100 分）第一部分：知識運用（共兩節，30 分）第一節完形填空（共 10 小題；每小題 1.5 分，共 15 分）How can you stop smok ing?It is not easy to stop smoki ng, but milli ons of people have_1_to quit _and so can you.Here are a few suggesti ons.Pr

2、epare yourself. Decide on a day to quit. Dont choose a day that you know is going tobe stressful, such as the day of an exam. Make a list of all the_2 you will get from stoppingsmoking. Then_3_your last packet of cigarettes.Be_4. Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette,_5_ yourself thatyou are

3、a non-smoker. Reread the list of ben efits you wrote earlier.Break the habit. In stead of smok ing a cigarette, do somethi ng else. Go for a walk,clean your teeth, drink somewater, clean the house; in fact, do anything to keep your mindand_6_our hands busy.Relax. If you start to feel n ervous or str

4、essed, do n ot reach_7_ a_cigarette .Try some deep breathi ng in stead. Do some relaxati on exercise every time youfeel stressed.Get help if you n eed it. Arrange to stop smoki ng with a frie nd so you cantalk about your problems, or join a stop-smoking group. If you feel_ 8_，you might like to talkt

5、o a doctor or chemist about somethi ng to help you, like（北京專用）2021 屆高三英語下學期 5 月全真模擬試卷 4 （含解析）2 / 232ni cot ine chew ing gum.Keep trying. Do not be disappo in ted if you have to try several times beforeyou stop smoking. If you_9_and have a cigarette ，do not feel ashamed. Justtry again, and you will s

6、ucceed _10_ _1. A. man agedB. triedC. wan tedD.expected2. A. valuesB. ben efitsC. resultsD. profits3. A. give awayB. take awayC. throw awayD. keep away4. A. addicted B.accustomedC. determ inedD. depressed5. A. prepareB. informC. threate nD. remi nd6. A. especiallyB. speciallyC. n ormallyD.certai nly

7、7. A. outB. forC. atD.to8. A. desperateB. satisfiedC. arbitraryDcon scious9. A. stickB. continueC. weake nD .in sist10. A. eventuallyB. constantlyC. occasi on allyD.no rmally【要點綜述】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹戒煙的幾條建議。1.A根據句中的 but 可知盡管戒煙很難，但還是有成千上萬的人戒掉了。manageto do sth 成功做某事；try to do sth 努力做某事；want to do sth 想做某事；e

8、xpect to do sth 期望做某事。2.B 句意：列舉你會從戒煙中得到的好處。根據第三段的“Reread the list ofben efits you wrote earlier.”可知答案。3.C 句意：扔掉你兜里的最后一包煙。give away 泄露，分發；take away 拿走； throw（北京專用）2021 屆高三英語下學期 5 月全真模擬試卷 4 （含解析）3 / 232away 扔掉；keep away 不接近。4.C 根據下文的“ Every time you feel like smoking a cigaretteyourselfthat you are a

9、non-smoker. ”可知，你一定要意志堅定。determined 意為“堅決的”，符合語境。5.D remi nd 意為“提醒”，符合語境。6.A 根據本段的“ Go for a walk, clean your teeth, drink somewater, cleanthe house; in fact, do anything to keep your mind”可知，尤其是要讓手忙起來。especially 尤其是。7.B reach for 是固定搭配，意思是“伸手去拿”。8.A desperate 絕望的；satisfied 滿意的；arbitrary任意的；consciou

10、s 意識到的。根據語境可知是如果你感到絕望。9.C 從下文的“and have a cigarette”可知，如果你沒那么堅強了。 stick 堅持；continue 繼續；weaken 變弱；insist 堅持。10 .A 再試一次，你終究會成功的。eventually 意為“最終”，符合語境；constantly 不斷地；occasionally 偶然地；normally 正常地。根據語境可知 A 項正確。第二節 語法填空(共 10 小題；每小題 1.5 分，共 15 分)Si nee the start of reform and ope nin g-up, Shen zhe n11.

11、(grow) from a small fishingvillage to a modemcity, with its GDP12. (increase) soaring from less than 200 million yuan in（北京專用）2021 屆高三英語下學期 5 月全真模擬試卷 4 （含解析）4 / 2321980 to 2.4 trillion yuan in 2018.With a population of 12 million people, the 13. (south) city is known for its stronginnovation capabil

12、ities. It is home 14. more than 14,000 national high-tech gia nts, i ncludi ngHua-Wei and Tencent.Wang Xiaoguang, a professor of economics at the NationalAcademy ofGover nan ce, said in 15. article published on Aug 3 in the Outlook Weekly, a magazine 16.(attach) to Xinhua NewsAgency, that manygood e

13、xamples of Chinas reform and ope nin g-uporigi nated in Shen zhe n.It has accumulated valuable experie nee for Chin as reform and ope nin g-up17._modern construction,and has made significant18._ (contribute) toexplori ng the path of socialism with Chin ese characteristics, Wang said.The esse ntial f

14、eature of socialism with Chin ese characteristics is theleadership of the Party, 19. plays a central role in adjusting the overallsituation, he said ,20. (refer) to Shenzhen as a good example of handling the relati on shipbetwee n market and gover nment since Chin as reform and ope nin g-up bega n.【

15、答案】11. has grow n12. in creas in gly13. souther n14. to15. an16. attached 17. and 18. con tributi ons 19. which20. referri ng【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。改革開放以來，深圳已經從一個小漁村發展成為一個現代化的城 市，它為中國的改革開放和現代建設積累了寶貴經驗，為探索中國特 色社會主義道路做出了重要貢獻。11. 考查時態。句意：改革開放以來，深圳已經從一個小漁村發展成為一個現代化的城市。since 引導的時間狀語從句時，主句的謂語動詞常用現在完成時，Shenzhen 是（北

16、京專用）2021 屆高三英語下學期 5 月全真模擬試卷 4 （含解析）5 / 232句子主語。故填 has grown。12. 考查副詞。句意：深圳的 GDP 從 1980 年的不到 2 億元人民幣猛增到 2018 年的 2.4萬億元人民幣。修飾動詞soar 用副詞，in crease (增加)是動詞，它的副詞是increasingly(不斷增加地)。故填 increasingly 。13. 考查形容詞。句意：深圳這個南方城市擁有1200 萬人口，以其強大的創新能力而聞名。使用形容詞修飾名詞 city 作定語，south（南方）是名詞，它的形容詞是 southern（南方的）。故填 south

17、ern 。14. 考查固定搭配。句意：它是包括華為和騰訊在內的 14,000 多家國家高科技企業所在地。固定詞組 be home to 的意思是“為. 的所在地”。故填 to。15. 考查冠詞。句意：王小光教授在一篇文章中說，中國改革開放的許多很好的例子 起源于深圳。根據句意此處泛指“一篇文章” ，所以使用不定冠詞。 article 是以元音 音素開頭的單詞。故填 an。16. 考查非謂語動詞。句意： 展望周刊是新華社的一本雜志。 be attached to 附 屬于。分析句子結構， 謂語動詞是 said ， attach 是非謂語動詞， 因此使用 attached to 短語作后置定語修飾

18、 magazine。故填 attached。17. 考查并列連詞。句意：深圳為中國的改革開放和現代化建設積累了寶貴經驗。該 空應填入并列連詞連接 Chinas reform and opening-up 和 modern construction 。故 填 and。18. 考查名詞。句意：深圳為探索中國特色社會主義道路做出了重要貢獻。固定詞組make contributions to意為“為做貢獻”。故填 contributions 。19. 考查非限制性定語從句。句意：王小光教授說，中國特色社會主義的根本特征是 黨的領導，它在調整大局中起著中心作用。分析句子結構可知，此處需填入引導非限 定性

19、定語從句的關系詞，先行詞是 the leadership of the Party ，從句缺主語，所以 填 which。故填 which。6 / 23920. 考查非謂語動詞。句意：王小光教授提到深圳是中國改革開放以來處理市場與政 府關系的一個很好的例子。分析句子結構可知， refer 是非謂語動詞，它與句子主語 he 是主動的關系，應使用現在分詞 referring 。故填 referring 。第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節， 38 分）（北京專用） 2021 屆高三英語下學期 5 月全真模擬試卷 4（含解析）7 / 235（北京專用） 2021 屆高三英語下學期 5 月全真模擬試卷 4（含解

20、析）第一節（共 14 小題；每小題 2 分，共 28 分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AKQEDis a Public Broadcasting Service station in California, US. The station is owned byNorthern California Public Broadcasting. Someof its radio programs are as follows:The CoolerAs one of the most popular programs among young listeners

21、, the Cooler is a podcast（ 博客 ） about pop culture stories and music, presented in a smart, fun and personal way. Comeand join us on our journey.Time: MON-THU, 8 pm 9 pm. Here & NowA live production, in cooperation with stations across the country, Here& Now reflects the world of news as its

22、happening in the middle of the day, with timely,in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin YoungTime: MON-THU, 11am 1 pm Mind ShiftThe Mind Shift podcast explores the innovations （創新 ） in education thatare shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listener

23、s toeducators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improvehow kids learn. They cover topics like how teachers are developing surprising methods todeal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts is helping kids develop reading8 / 239skills.（北京專用） 2021 屆高三

24、英語下學期 5 月全真模擬試卷 4（含解析）9 / 235Time: THU-SUN, 7 pm9 pm Living on EarthLiving on Earth is a weekly news and information program about the worldschanging environment, ecology, and humanhealth. If theres something new about climatechange, environmental politics or environmental quality and human health,

25、you can count onHost Steve Curwood and the LOE public radio news team to keep you up to date.Time: WED, 9 am 10 am21. At what time can the audience enjoy pop culture stories?A. Tuesday, 8 pm 9pm. B. Wednesday, 9 am 10 am.C. Friday, 8 pm 9pm.D. Sunday, 7pm 9pm.22. From which radio program can listene

26、rs pick up news at noon?A. The Cooler. B. Here & Now.C. Mind Shift. D. Living on Earth.23. Which of these topics might be covered in Living on Earth?A. Education policies. B. Economic problems.C. Human population. D. Global warming.【答案】 A B D 【語篇解讀】這是一篇應用文。文章介紹了美國加利福尼亞的公共廣播服務中心 KQED 的節目，包括節目內容、播

27、出時間等。21. 細節理解題。根據文中“ The Cooler ”這一部分提到“ As one of the most popularprograms amongyoung listeners, the Cooler is a podcast（博客）about pop culture stories andmusic, ” the cooler 是關于流行音樂的節目，其播出時間為周一至周（北京專用）2021 屆高三英語下學期 5 月全真模擬試卷 4 （含解析）10 / 238四，根據題目要求，A 項符合題意，故選 A。22. 細節理解題。文章“ Here & Now”部分提到該節目播出

28、時間為周一至周四，上午 11 點至下午 1 點，B 項符合題意，故選 B。23. 細節理解題。文章“ Living on Earth ”部分提到“ Living on Earth is a weeklynews and information program about the worlds changing environment, ecology, andhumanhealth. ”該節目是關于全球環境、生態、人類健康等方面。D 項符合題意，故選 D。BIn the trailer （ 拖車式房屋），Sischo was refreshing the snails （鍋牛）accommod

29、atio ns-a n ongoing routi ne that takes days of careful work. He had found a doze nof Achati nellabulimoides-a third of the worlds populati onof the species. Once every in dividual was acco un ted for, he clea ned the cage and packed innew leaves. The work took much trouble, but the resp on sibility

30、, he said, was like “ a heavyweight sitt ing on you. ”The trailer is very vulnerable . It s designed to keep away would-be thieved, and to resisthurricanes.But a fire could easily destroy it, or a disease couldsweep through it. Last September , a mystery pathog on （病原體）appeared to have enteredthe tr

31、ailer on leaves fed to the snails, killingalmost an entire species.As sad as the eve nt was, there s no good way to in sure aga inst future catastrophe. Thesnails can t simply be spread amongzoos or other facilities: theyneed special equipment,experieneed handlers, and a diet of native Hawaiian pla

32、nts.（北京專用）2021 屆高三英語下學期 5 月全真模擬試卷 4 （含解析）11 / 238Consequently, it can be hard for the snails minders to relax, even when12 / 239（北京專用） 2021 屆高三英語下學期 5 月全真模擬試卷 4（含解析）theyare outside the trailer. “Howdo you switch off when your decisions mean existence orextinction? Sischo said. While action lightens

33、the burden, yet with animals whose naturalhistory is largely unknown, that action can be dangerous. If you do it wrong, the snails die. ”Snails are neither intelligent nor beloved. Sischos friends sometimes tease him aboutbeing the strange snail guy ; strangers ask why he cares. Its hard to convince

34、 people, but heinsists that if he can just get them in the trailer, they will understand why the Achatinellabulimoides are worth saving. People melt, he said “Whenyou showthem that the entirepopulation is in this chamber, it hits them.24. What is the trailer used for?A. Accommodating guestsB. Shelte

35、ring snailsC. Planting vegetables.D. Alarming thieves.25. What does the underlined word“vulnerable mean in paragraph?A. Quite.B. Safe.C. Easily affected.D. Well protected.26. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?A. The Last of Its KindB. The Worst of TimesC. Mourn Its LossD. R

36、esist Possible Dangerous【答案】 B C C A 【解析】本文為說明文。主要說明為了拯救瀕臨滅絕的蝸牛物種，人類為它們制作了 特殊的設備 - 拖車式房屋，經驗豐富的馴養員和夏威夷本地植物的飲食，這些都有益 于蝸牛的保護北京專用） 2021 屆高三英語下學期 5 月全真模擬試卷 4（含解析）24. 推理判斷題。根據第二段的內容“ The trailer. Its designed to keep awaywould-be thieved, and to resist hurricanes. But a fire could easily destroyit, or a d

37、isease could sweep through it. .As sad as the event was, theresno good way to insure against future catastrophe. The snails cant simply bespread among zoos or other facilities: they need special equipment.”可知，拖車房屋很脆弱。它的設計是為了避免可能被盜，抵御颶風。但是火災很容易摧毀它， 或者疾病可以席卷它。 . ，但沒有好的辦法來防止未來的災難。蝸牛不能簡單地在動物園或其他設施中生存：它們

38、需要特殊的設備 . 。這個特殊的設備就是 the trailer 。由此可知，這個和 the trailer 是給蝸牛住的房子，是收容蝸牛，為其遮風 擋雨的。分析選項可知，故 B 項符合題意。25. 猜測詞義題。根據劃線詞 The trailer is very vulnerable 后的內容 “ It s designed to keepaway would-be thieved, and to resist hurricanes. But a fire could easily destroy it, or a diseasecould sweep through it. Last Sep

39、tember , a mystery pathogen appeared to have entered thetrailer on leaves fed to the snails, killing almost an entire species. ”拖車房屋的設計是為了防止潛在的盜竊，并抵御颶風。但是一場火災可以輕易地摧毀它，或者一種疾病可以席卷它。由此 可推斷出，這種拖車房屋很容易被火燒，疾病可摧毀它，所以它是易受其他因素影響 的。故選 C。26. 主旨大意題。根據第一段中的“ . He had found a dozen of Achatinellabulimoides -a thi

40、rd of the worlds population of the species”一天他發現了12 種蝸牛，占世界蝸牛總數的三分之一。第二段中的“ Last September , a mystery pathogon（病原體） appeared to have entered the trailer on leaves fed to the snails, killing almost anentire species.” 去年 9 月 , 一個謎似的 （ 病原體進入北京專用） 2021 屆高三英語下學期 5 月全真模擬試卷 4（含解析）10 / 2310北京專用） 2021 屆高三英語

41、下學期 5 月全真模擬試卷 4（含解析）15 / 2311了拖車中蝸牛吃的樹葉 , 幾乎殺死整個物種。 第三段中的“ Howdo you switch off when yourdecisions mean existence or extinction?” Sischo said 。“你的決定會影響它們的生存或毀滅，你怎么能不擔心呢？你的決定會影響它們的生存或毀滅，你怎么 能不擔心呢？”由此可推斷出：這種蝸牛的數量極少，也就是說“這種物種最后的幾 條蝸牛“。分析選項可知 A 項“這種物種最后的幾條蝸牛”為短文最佳標題。故選 A。CFood experts say washing could

42、spread the germs on your turkey in the kitchen sink ornearby food. But its been a challenge trying to convince cooks to stop rinsing（沖洗） off rawpoultry. Germs that can make people sick are common in the guts of healthy poultry and arelegally allowed to be on raw turkey and chicken. The assumption is

43、 that nobody eats theirpoultry raw, and that thorough cooking will kill the bacteria.The do not wash raw poultry advice from the USDA is relatively new and perhapshasnt caught on because it goes against the common belief that washing makes things clean,said Chapman.Benjamin Chapman,a study author an

44、d food safety expert at North CarolinaState University, said the instinct to wash raw poultry goes back at least decades whenpeople relied more on visual clues to spot problems with poultry. Meanwhile, washing handsand surfaces are also important.But food preparation is a complicated act, and germs

45、from poultry can be spread even ifits not washed, especially when birds are removed from packaging.The USDA-funded study stresses that point. Researchers sprayed raw chicken16 / 2312（北京專用）2021 屆高三英語下學期 5 月全真模擬試卷 4 （含解析）with a harmless strain of E. coli（大腸桿菌）and watched volun teer cooks attest kitche

46、ns. Amongthose who washed their raw chicken, about a quarter ended upspreading the bacteria to their lettuce. But even some of those who did not rinse the chickengot germs on the lettuce. And there are other opportunities for germs to survive on turkeys:melting and cooking.To ensure a bird is thorou

47、ghly cooked, they say to use a thermometer to check that thedeepest and thickest parts of it have reached 165 degrees. Even after the meal is cooked,you arent out of the dan ger zone. To keep turkeys and other leftovers safe, experts say theyshould be refrigerated after two hours.27. People dont acc

48、ept USDAs advice because_.A. the advice is relatively newB. clea ning seems more trustworthyC. cooks clea n the turkey before cook ing itD. heat can kill most germs and no one eats raw food28. What can be con cluded from Paragraph 4?A. Food packages carry germs.B. Hands and surfaces are easy to get

49、E. coli.C. Germs from a turkey can be spread whether it is washed or not.D. Multiple methods should be applied to food to get rid of germs.29. Which way may help to cook a turkey safely?A. Rinse off the turkey before it is heated.B. Keep the turkey away from the lettuce and refrigerator.C. Wash hand

50、s and packages before tak ing out the turkey.北京專用） 2021 屆高三英語下學期 5 月全真模擬試卷 4（含解析）17 / 2313D. Use a thermometer to check the temperature of the turkey.30. From which section of a magazine is the text probably taken?A. Culture.B. Science.C. Education.D. Medicine.【答案及解析】 B C D B 本文是一篇說明文，介紹了食品專家說清洗可能會在

51、廚房水槽或附近的食物中傳播火 雞身上的細菌，但美國農業部的研究強調無論是否被清洗，火雞身上的細菌都會傳播， 同時指出用溫度計檢查火雞的溫度有助于安全地烹飪火雞。27. 細節理解題。根據第二段中的“ The do not wash raw poultry advice from theUSDAis relativelynew and perhaps hasnt caught on because it goes againstthe common belief that washing makes things clean, said Chapman. ”可知，查 普曼說，美國農業部提出的“不清

52、洗生禽”的建議相對較新，但可能還沒有流行起來， 因為這違背了人們普遍認為的“清洗可以使東西干凈”的觀念，由此可知，人們不接 受美國農業部的建議是因為清洗似乎更值得信賴，故B 項正確。28. 推理判斷題。 根據第四段中的 “Amongthose whowashedtheir raw chicken, about aquarter ended up spreading the bacteria to their lettuce. But even some of those who did notrinse the chicken got germs on the lettuce. And the

53、re are other opportunities for germs tosurvive on turkeys: melting and cooking. ” 可知，在那些清洗生雞肉的人中，約四分之一的人最終將細菌傳播到生菜上，但即使 是一些沒有清洗雞肉的人，生菜上也有細菌，火雞身上的細菌還有其他生存的機會： 融化和烹飪，由此可知，不管火雞是否被清洗，它身上的細菌都會傳播，故C 項正確。29. 細節理解題。 根據最后一段中的“ To ensure a bird is thoroughly cooked, they say to use北京專用） 2021 屆高三英語下學期 5 月全真模擬試

54、卷 4（含解析）18 / 2313a thermometer to check that the deepest and thickest parts of it19 / 2314（北京專用） 2021 屆高三英語下學期 5 月全真模擬試卷 4（含解析）havereached 165 degrees. ”可知，為了確保一只家禽被徹底煮熟，他們說要用溫度 計檢查它最深和最厚的部分是否達到 165 度，由此可知，用溫度計檢查火雞的溫度有 助于安全地烹飪火雞，故 D 項正確。30. 推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了食品專家說清洗可能會在廚房水槽 或附近的食物中傳播火雞身上的細菌，但美國農業部

55、的研究強調無論是否被清洗，火 雞身上的細菌都會傳播，同時指出用溫度計檢查火雞的溫度有助于安全地烹飪火雞， 這屬于科學范疇，因此這篇文章最有可能出自于雜志的科學版塊，故B 項正確。DThe new garbage sorting regulation has taken effect in Shanghai starting July 1. Manycitizens are still confused about the classification of the four different types of trash.Thankfully, authorities have releas

56、ed an official guideline to explain the new rules.The guideline, published by the Shanghai Greenery and Public SanitationBureau, provides a rather clear definition on the four kinds if waste: recyclable waste, harmfulwaste, household food waste and residual （剩余 ）waste.A team from the U. K.s National

57、 Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicineexamined 14 lean and overweight men and analyzed their metabolic （新陳代謝 ）health. The participants were either assignedHarmful waste, as the name suggests, includes various poisonous materials like usedbatteries, light bulbs, out-of-date medicines, paint and pest

58、icides.Household food waste which is translated to wet trash” in Chinese refers to food leftovers, rotten food, pet food, fruit peels, remains of TCM20 / 2315（北京專用）2021 屆高三英語下學期 5 月全真模擬試卷 4（含解析）herbs（ 中藥 ） and flowers.Paper, plastic, glass, metal and textiles （紡織品） are counted as recyclable waste.Th

59、e definition of residual waste is a little confusing. Anything that is not listed abovebelongs to this category.As specificas the new guidelineis, residentsstillhave a hard time sortingtrash correctlyand are findingitchallengingtomemorize them all. Forinstance, bothplastic bottlesand bubble teaor co

60、ffee cupsare plasticmaterials. However, the former falls to the category of recyclable waste and the latter belongsto residual waste. To save the hassle, some netizens have come up with their own way to sorttrash.Weshould do this from a pigs angle, commentedone netizen. Those edible （ 可食用 ）for pigs are household f