1、The Past Perfect Tense過去完成時1.過去完成時的構成過去完成時的構成助動詞助動詞 had (用于各種人稱和數用于各種人稱和數) + 過去分詞過去分詞When I got to school, the bell had rung.2. 過去完成時的用法:主要是表示在過去某個時間,或是動作之前已經發生或完成的動作.也就是過去的過去.第1頁/共16頁The Past Perfect Tense過去完成時3. 常用的幾種方式:用介詞by, before 等構成的時間短語.用連詞when, before, after或者短語by the time引導的時間狀語從句.We had l

2、earnt 20 English songs by the end of last month.The plane had taken off when I reached the airport.By the time I got up , my brother had left home.第2頁/共16頁1. 否定形式：had + not + 過去分詞(had not照樣可縮寫hadnt)。2.一般疑問形式：had提到句首，回答用Yes, 主語 + had. / No, 主語 + hadnt. 例如：Had he told you to go there earlier yesterday

3、?他昨天告訴過你早點兒到那兒嗎？Yes, he had. / No, he hadnt. 是的，他告訴了。/不，他沒有。3. 被動語態形式：had + been + 過去分詞。如：When I got there, the windows had been broken. 第3頁/共16頁常用動詞的過去式和過去分詞play played playedwork worked workedleave left leftsay said saidgo went gonebe was/were beentake took takenget got gottenstart started started

4、第4頁/共16頁 break broke broken speak spoke spoken drive drove driven see saw seen eat ate eaten give gave given know knew known grow grew grown第5頁/共16頁第6頁/共16頁the policeman get to the shopTom run away By the time the policeman got to the shop, Tom had run away.第7頁/共16頁Speaking-freely :By the time or Wh

5、enLiu Mei wake up the concert be over By the time Liu Mei woke up, the concert had been over. 第8頁/共16頁his grandma come from AmericaLi Ming grow up By the time his grandma came from America, Li Ming had grown up.第9頁/共16頁2006 2011 learn 4000 English words By the end ofBy the end of 2006, I had learned

6、 4000 new words.第10頁/共16頁1. We _(learn) two thousands 1. We _(learn) two thousands words by the time I went to Middle School. words by the time I went to Middle School. 3. 3. When we _(arrive) at the station, When we _(arrive) at the station, they _(wait) for more than twenty they _(wait) for more t

7、han twenty minutes.minutes. had learnedarrivedhad waited2. I _ (know)2. I _ (know) him when I was a him when I was a student. student. had known4. One of the men didnt move, because he 4. One of the men didnt move, because he _ (break) his legs._ (break) his legs. had broken第11頁/共16頁5.By yesterday e

8、vening he _ that important letter.(write)6.I thought I _ the man before.(meet)7.By six oclock they _ for ten hours.(work)8.I went to Nicks house,but he _ out.(go)9.I _ the problem when class was over. (not understand) had writtenhad writtenhad methad methad workedhad worked had gonehad gonehadnt und

9、erstoodhadnt understood第12頁/共16頁口語練習1.a.I got up. My brother was in the shower already. b.By the time I got up,my brother _ in the shower already.2.a.I ran outside to the bus stop. The bus was gone. b.3.a.I got home. I realized that my homework was still at school. b. had gottenBy the time I ran out

10、side to the bus stop, the bus had already gone.When I got home,I realized that I had left my homework at school.第13頁/共16頁4.a.I woke up. My clock stopped two hours ago. b. 5.a.I got to the cinema at 8. The film started at 7:30. b. 6.a.I got to the party.Jim went home an hour ago. b. By the time I got to the cinema, the film had already s