1、七年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語期末所有語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)大匯總1. 動(dòng)詞原形和動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式（1）主語是第三人稱單數(shù)形式（he、she、it：單一的人；單一的名字：單一的事物）， 動(dòng)詞要用單三形式。實(shí)義動(dòng)詞變第三人稱單數(shù)的規(guī)則： 一般情況直接加"s",如：COrneComes, meetmeets 動(dòng)詞以 6 s, sh, ch, X 結(jié)尾，力IrzeS如：do-does; go-goes; teach-teaches 以輔音字母+y 結(jié)尾，變 y 為 i,再加 es,如 StUdy-StUdieSz fly-flies, try-tries 特殊情況:have-has（2）句型轉(zhuǎn)換 當(dāng)主語

2、為第三人稱單數(shù)：變否定句時(shí)，在動(dòng)詞前加doesn't,動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)原形；變一般疑 問句時(shí)，在句首加does,動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)原形。一般疑問句的肯定回答：Yes,人稱代詞+does：否定回答：No,人稱代詞+doesn't.如：She has Small eyesShe doesn't have Small eyesDoes She have Small eyes?Yes, She does /No, She doesn"t. 當(dāng)主語為第一、第二人稱變否定句，在動(dòng)詞前加don't,變一般疑問句，在句首加 do,肯定回答：Yes,人稱代詞+do：否定回答：No,人稱代詞+

3、don't.They have SmaIl eyes.They don't have Small eyesDO they have Small eyes?Yes, they do. / NOz they don't.2表示所屬關(guān)系（1）名詞性物主代詞二形容詞性物主代詞+名詞形容詞性物主代詞my your his her OUr their its名詞性物主代詞 mine yours his hers OUrS theirs its -WhOSe is this pen? IS it yours? -No, it's not mine My Pen is blue

4、（2）名詞所有格用于人或其他表示有生命的名詞后：單數(shù)或不以S結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)匸s,如:Jane's book； Women's Day以S結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)如：TeacherszDay Lucy's and Lily's bags 分有LUCy and Lily's room 共有ThOSe are Jane"s shoes.= ThOSe ShOeS are Jane's.Of表示所屬關(guān)系,用于沒有生命的物體,如：a map of China： a PhOtO Of my family【重點(diǎn)語法】1. 元音字母：Aa Ee Ii Oo UU包含有以

5、下元音的字母：e Aa HhJj Kki: Ee Bb CC Dd Gg PP Tt VVa Ii YyOu: IlU Qq WWe Ff Ll Mm Nn SS XX ZZ2. 大小寫句首字母，人名，地名，稱呼語，專有名詞，星期的首字母要大寫，引人注意。 LOOk! ISthat Jane? He COmeS from HUbeiZ China. Mr. Wangz this is my mom. What ClaSS are you in?I,m in CIaSS TenZ Grade SeVen. On SUndayz We go to the WeSt Hill for a picni

6、c.3. Be動(dòng)詞的用法我用am,你用are, is用丁-他、她、它，單數(shù)用is,復(fù)數(shù)就用are。含be動(dòng)詞的陳述句變否定句在be后加not,變一般疑問句將be提前。一般疑問句的肯定回答:Yes,人稱代詞+be；否定回答:No,人稱代詞+be+ not。如:-They are teachers. They are not teachers.Are they teachers? -YeSZ they are./ No, they aren't.4. 不定冠詞、定冠詞和and的用法(1)不定冠詞a, an的用法a/an都表示"一,一個(gè)"，a用在以輔音音素開頭的單詞前,如

7、:a book; a desk; an用在 以元音音素開頭的單詞前,如：an apple / an orange/ an EngIiSh book;/ an EngliSh boy/ an OId man;/an actor/ an EngliSh teacher/ an OffiCe worker.(2) thQ是定冠詞，表特指，單復(fù)數(shù)前面都可用 We are in the Same CIaSS The girl in a Pink Skirt is Jane. Where is the book? ThiS isn't my bike. The blue One is mine.(

8、3) and的用法數(shù)字相加看做單數(shù)：TWO and three is five.顏色相加也是單數(shù)：BIaCk and WhitelS gray.人和事物相加是復(fù)數(shù)：LUCy and Uly are sisters. The Pen and the eraser are Jane's,5. 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)(1)規(guī)則變化 一般在名詞詞尾加s,如：carcars; photophotos; toytoys; boyboys 以 Sz Xz Chz Sh 結(jié)尾的詞，在詞尾加一es,如I： boxboxes; bus-buses 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾,變y為i再加es,如：baby-babie

9、s; family-families4）以fe結(jié)尾，變fe為V再加es,如：knife knives（2）不規(guī)則變化如：foot-feet; manmen; WOman-WOmen; SnOWmanSnOWmen;（3）集體名詞:PeOPleZ ClOtheSZ POliCeZ family（4）成雙出現(xiàn)的名訶：ShOeSZ PantS（trousers）, gloves, eyes, ears九一i討多義：An Orange （桔子）isorange （橙色的）1. 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞變一般疑問句及其回答Does he SPeak English?一 Yes, he does./ NOz he doe

10、srt.2詢問職業(yè)及工作地點(diǎn) What does your mother do?（書而）/What is your mother?（ 口語） She is an English teacher.Where does She work?一 She works/ teaches/StUdieS in a SChOOl / hospital / restaurant / on a farm / in an OffiCe3. 介紹家人ThiS is a PhOtO Of my familyThe young WOman in red is my mother.IS the young WOman in

11、 red your mother?（變一般疑問句）WhO is the young WOman in red?（對(duì)劃線部分提問）My grandparents, my COUSin and I are On the SOfaI have a big family.我有一個(gè)大家庭。I IOVe my family.我愛我的家。4. 就餐表達(dá)語1）Would you Iike SOmething to drink ?想不想喝些東西？Yes, a glass Of apple juice, PIeaSe / NOZ thanksSOmething to drink 一些喝的東西11SOmething

12、 to eat 一些吃的東西2) What WOUId you Iike to have / eat / drink ?你想吃(喝)些什么？I'd Iike SOme rice and chicken. / Let me see.我想想看。3) WOUld you Iike to have dinner With me?想和我共進(jìn)晚餐嗎?Yes, Kd IOVe to. / YeSZ d Iike to. m SOrryz I have to.4) What do you USUaIIy have for breakfast?你通常早餐吃什么?I USUaIIy have milk a

13、nd bread for breakfasthave.for breakfast/ IUnCh / dinner 早/午/晚餐吃5) May I take your Orderz sir?請(qǐng)問，要點(diǎn)菜了嗎?Fish With VegetabIeS and rice , PleaSe6) May I help you ? = Can I help you ? =What Can I do for you ?請(qǐng)問要吃/喝/買些什么?5.委婉地請(qǐng)求、提建議的五種表達(dá)WOUId you Iike sth./to do.?你愿意/想？What / HOW about sth. / doing.?怎么樣？

14、Why not do.?為什么不？LerSdO.!讓我們干.吧！Why don't you do.?為什么不?肯定回答:Yes” d like/love to. /Good idea. 0K. / All right./ Izd IOVe that.否定回答:No, thanks. / I'm SOrry I can,t, I have to do./ d Iike that, but l,m SOrry I have no time.【重點(diǎn)語法】1.人稱代詞的主格與賓格點(diǎn)撥：主格在句子中充當(dāng)主語，放在動(dòng)詞之前；賓格放在動(dòng)詞之后構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓短語，放在 介詞之后構(gòu)成介賓短語。主格IW

15、eyouheSheitthey賓格meUSyouhimheritthemDo you know them? YeS They are my new classmates.2. 可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞(1) 可數(shù)名詞：可以用數(shù)目來計(jì)數(shù)的名詞，有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分。如：banana, egg, apple, orange, noodles, Vegetable, hamburger 等。(2) 不可數(shù)名詞：不能用具體的數(shù)目來表示，前而不能加aan,沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。如： milk, chicken, bread, Coke, coffee, rice, juice, fish, tea, water, Ch

16、OCOIate 等。(3) 不可數(shù)名詞若要表示數(shù)量，可用：數(shù)詞+量iJ÷Of÷不可數(shù)名詞。如:a glass Of milk 一杯牛奶;ten bottles Of apple juice 十瓶橙汁：ten IOaVeS Of bread 十 條面包(4) some/ a IOt Of +可數(shù)名i司的復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞many +可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)much +不可數(shù)名詞【書信的格式】1. 稱呼：頂格寫，常用Dear.開頭，表示親切、客套，后面用逗號(hào)。2. 正文：從稱呼的下一行開始寫，開頭空兩格。3. 結(jié)束語：正文下面的客套話，寫在右下角，首字母大寫，末尾用逗號(hào)，常用YoUrSo4. 簽名：指寫信人的簽名，寫在結(jié)束語的下面。I1.時(shí)間表達(dá)法（1）直接表達(dá):"時(shí)+分",如:4:00 four OZClOCk; 12:05 twelve o five； 2:30 two thirty（2）30分鐘以內(nèi)：用“分+past+時(shí)"，表示"幾點(diǎn)幾分"如：8:15 a quarter PaSt eight;