1、精心整理PartAGRAMMARSubject-VerbAgreementSubject-verbagreeme ntisaverycomplicatedissuea nditis no touri nten ti ont ocoverallthegro un di nthis un it.Whatweattempttodohereistobri ngstude ntsatt en tio ntosomepoi ntsparticularlytrickya ndletthemlear nbypractice.Themeth odweuse in thegrammarsectio no fthi

2、sbookisthediscoveryapproach-toletstuI den tsfi ndouttheirow nan swers.Wehopethisca nraisestude ntsi nteresti nlearniZ/i UJn ggrammara ndsharpe ntheir in ductiveskills.Thequestio no fsubject-verbagreeme ntisverycomplicated.Ge nerallyspe akin g,therearethreebasicpri nciples:grammaticalagreeme nt, noti

3、o nalagreem en t,a ndthepri ncipleofproximity.In his un it,wearego in gtoapproachthisissuei n fourc on texts:WhenthesubjectiscompoundReferencefortheClassroomActivitiesSummary:1. Acompoundsubjectwithandtakesapluralverbinmostcases,butwhenitexp ressesas in gularmea nin gorwhe neachofthesi ngularsubject

4、sisc on sideredi n dividually,ittakesasi ngularverb.2. Afteracompoundsubjectwithor,nor,eitheror,neithernor,notbut,th everbagrees innu mbera ndpers on withthe nearerpartofthesubject.3. Interveningphrasesorclausesnotintroducedbycoordinatingconjunctions dono taffectthe nu mberofaverb.Suchphrasesare nor

5、mallyi ntroducedbypr epositi on sorprepositi on alphrasessucOswellas,asmuchas,rathertha n,al on gwithi nadditi on to,togetherwith,with,plus,a ndi ncludi ng.l Il ( rWhenthesubjectexpressesquantity儼.3 - 役l I I A、 U Vi lrx !.J 1 ReferencefortheClassroomActivities I、 ! | 1，b .：/z yL“7Allthese nten cesar

6、ecorrect. ” XJ / i ： ：| I 、弋ryI 、Summary:1. Nominalphrasesoftime,money,weightandmeasurementnormallytakeasi n gularverb.送慕很達(dá)冷謎、L i 2. Somewordsorphrases,such謝l,most,half,thelast,theresttakeasingularz、.、*, Iorpluralverb,depe ndingon themea nin gofthe nounorpronoun thatfollows. Phraseslilelotsof,heapso

7、f,loadsofekesingularorpluralverbsdependingoIn theformofthe noun sthatfollow. Insentenceswithmorethanoneormanyamodifyingthesubjectnouns,theve rbshouldtakeasi ngularformthoughitisplurali nmeaning.Whenthesubjectisarelativepronoun,awhat-clause,orinthethere-bestru ctureReferencefortheClassroomActivities1

8、) .Hewas on eoftheca ndidateswhowereabletocarryouttheircampaig npledges.l Il ( rHewasthe onlyon eoftheca ndidateswhowasabletocarryouthiscampaig npledA- 3 J f IIlli I .Iges汽 1Afterarelativepronoun(who,which,that),theverbhasthesamepersonandnIumberasthea ntecede nt.(l nthesec on dse ntencein Paira,thea

9、 ntecedehes onlyone,no ttheca ndidates) Afterawhat-clause,theverbisusuallysingular,.Butifthewhat-clauseisinacompo un dstructureplurali nmeanin g,theverbis in pluralform.X V.*.I _z_-%2) .Whathewa ntsisjustalittlelovefromhisfosterpare nts.B I IWhato nethi nksa ndsaysare notalwaysthesame.3) .Thereisach

10、errytreea ndseveralorchidflowers in thegarde n.Therearehu ndredsofapplica ntson thewait in glistforthejob.送富忍建皐謎J WSummary:3. Inthethere-bestructure,theverbissingularorpluraldependingonthenumbe rofthesubject.Thes in gulaithereismaybeusedto in troduceacompo un dsubj ectwhe nthefirst noun ornomi nalph

11、raseiss in gular.OthersReferencefortheClassroomActivitiesi |J f1) .Nobodyi ntow nadmitsseei nghim.ill l. m ； i1 J：3) .Area nyo fyougo in gtotheexhibiti on? 、卜/I IdfI 、;、4) .N on eworks/worksohardashedoes.5) .Booksareherchiefsourceofenjoyme nt.6) .The on ethi ngyoumustbereadyfoistheirattemptstobreaku

12、pthemeeti ng7) .Thejuryisfi nallycomplete.8) .Thejuryweredividedi ntheirOpi nio ns.9) .New YorkTimes ishisbible.10) .Sema nticssthestudyofmea nin gs.Summary:1. Indefinitepronounssuchasanybody,anyone,each,everybody,nobody,noon e,a ndsomebodge nerallyrequireas in gularverb.2. Thepronounsanyandnonetake

13、eithersingularorpluralverbs.3. Thecomplementofthevertbedoesnotaffectitsnumber.4. Acollectivenountakesasingularverbwhentheclassitnamesisthoughtofasauni t,butapluralverbwhe nthemembersoftheclassarethoughtofas in dividuals.xx、 Xz N飛:A： i i5. Titlesofbooks,magazines,movies,newspapers,plays,andtheliketak

14、easin|沆J11 gularverb.6. Certainnounswhicharepluralinformbutsingularinmeaninggenerallytakeas in gularverb.Someofthesearphysics,mecha nics, news,statisticajndwhereabouts.PartBKeystotheFOLLOW-UPEXERCISES1.1) .Thelittleboywaschicke n-hearted.2) .Thatstatesma nisarespectablefigurei nthepoliticalare na.3)

15、 .Wesatdow nbytheoaktree,enj oyin gthebreezeco min gfromthelake4) .We needtodri nkthemilkbeforeitsours.5) .Thechildhaddifficultyfi ndi nghiswaytoschool.6) They oun gwoma nreceivedalotofflowersa ndgifts.7) .Myfatherdrewbackthecurta in alittlelestlseehim.8) .0uru niversityca naccommodate4,000stude nts

16、.9) .Socialcustomsvarygreatlyfromco un trytocou ntry.2. Thewritersattitudecha ngesfro mn egativetopositive in eachpairofse nte nces3. (1)experie nced(2)elapsedJ lJ,i . I -(3)attempti ng(4)withS .I I Wx.J JL, 心么汽 11X .* ! jI _ _(5)takeup(6)made(7)e ndeavor(8)true4.1) .Thestateattor neysaidthatthema n

17、wouldbeprosecuted.2) .Wesupposethatarefereeshouldbedis in terestedbut notunin terested3) .T onycan hitaballfarthertha nIca n.4) .Wemustpursuethismatterfurther.I5) .Thepri nciplesbehi ndourc on stitutio nareapri ncipalreas on foritsasto undin gsuccess.6) .AI1theba ndin strume ntsexceptthetubawillbeca

18、rriedtotheauditoriumforthemusicc on test.7) .Thefederalgovernme ntcomprisesthelegislative,judicial,a ndexecutive bran ches8) .Thewholeregio nwasstruckbya necono micdisaster.9) .(correct)10) .Hewasawakedtotherisk.i |g小；- -.*5. MysisterLuluacceptedascholarshiptostudyi ntheUK.Shehadd on everywell-: .I；

19、in schoola ndthepri ncipalthoughtthatlivi ngwithaBritishfamilywouldteachheSV/ VL ： 7ralot.Mothersaidshewouldlethergoifsheboughtaboxofstatio nerya ndpromis edtowritehomeeveryweek.Shesaidthatshewouldliveuptoherpromisea ndsheI 、alwaysdoesprettywelli nl ivi nguptoherpr in ciples.So on aftershearrivedi n

20、the UK.,sheadaptedtohernewe nviro nmen t.Hernewlifedid no taffectheragreatde al.Shek newthatasastude ntshehadtobeec ono micala ndshewas no tself-c on sci ousofherpoorclothi ngan dstra ngeacce nt.Thesewerethethi ngsshewas unin ter estedi n; whatfasc in atedheri nsteadwastheculturaldiffere ncesbetwee

21、nthetwo coun tries.Shefo un dpeopletherelikedtopaycomplime ntsa ndweremorecredu loustowhatshesaid.Ofcourse,she neverliedtothemabouthermotherla nd.Tho ughsheexperie ncedculturalshocksc on ti nu ally,shedevelopedafairattitudeto wardstheotherculturen theproceedi ngyears,shesettleddow nin theUK.a ndb ec

22、ameapers on witha nalternativeculturalide ntity.6.1) .Sixtyhoursistheam oun tofworktimeIco ntractedfor.2) .Thejuryisexpectedtoreachitsdecisi onv eryquickly.3) .Eachoftheca ndidatesforthepositi on hasexcepti on allyhighqualificati on s.4) .Everyboya ndgirli nthesixthgradewas/iseagertowi nthec on test

23、.5) .Corn breada ndmilkisapopularbreakfasti ntheruralSouth.l IrI XX6) .Thei nstructoraswellasthestude ntswasatfault.:.i i1 i I1 u I, Tj汽i 7) .Heis on eofthestude ntswhopla ntoatte ndthespeechc on test.8) .Thejuryaretobeisolatedi nin dividualhotelroomseach nightduri ngthetri嘔I IIal9) .Samsprawledi nthechaira ndkno ckedovero neofthelampswhichwere on display弋慕總罷錄*沐彳%10) .Thesymptomsofmercurypois onin gvarywitheachi ndividualcase.11) .Hebelievesthatathleticsimprovesschoolmorale.I12) .Upgoe