1、八年級下冊重點語法和短語Unit 1 Will people have robots?重點語法：一般將來時態的應用do/does 的一般將來時態形式： (shall/will) dodo/does 的一般將來時態的被動語態： (shall/will) be done 一般將來時態的肯定句、否定句、疑問句形式： 肯定句例句： People will have robots in a few years. 否定句例句： People (will not/wont) have robots in a few years. 一般疑問句例句： Will people have robots in a f

2、ew years? 特殊疑問句例句： What will people have in a few years? 重點短語： wont = will nottheyll = they willshell = she willhell = he willIll = I willfall in love with(sb./sth.) 愛上(某人 /某物)be able to do sth. 能夠做某事come true 實現in the future 未來hundreds of 數以百計的thousands of 數以千計的look for(sb./sth.) 尋找(某人 /某物)will t w

3、ould情態動詞will的原形和過去式may t might情態動詞 may的原形和過去式Reading Strategy( 閱讀方法 )Look at the title and picture, and predict what you will read about. ( 看著標題和圖片，預知你要 閱讀那些方面的內容。 )This helps you get ready to acquire new information. ( 這樣可以幫助你 獲得一些新的信息。 )Unit 2 What should I do? 重點語法：過去將來時態(將來時態的委婉說法)do/does 的過去將來時

4、態形式： (should/would) do do/does 的過去將來時態的被動語態： (should/would) be done 過去將來時態的肯定句、否定句、疑問句形式：肯定句例句：You should write a letter to him.否定句例句：You shouldnt write a letter to him.一般疑問句例句： Should I write a letter to him?特殊疑問句例句： What should I do? 重點短語： keep sb. out 不讓某人進入Whats wrong? = Whats the matter? = What

5、s the problem? 怎么了？out of style 不時髦的；過時的call sb. up 給某人打電話pay for sth. 為某事付款part-time job 兼職工作the same as = be same (to/with) 與同樣in style 時髦的；流行的get on well with sb. = get along well with sb. 與某人相處(好)didnt = did notcouldnt = could notas . as possible 盡可能 (eg/ as soon aspossible 盡快)all kinds of 各種；許多

6、on the one hand 一方面on the other hand 另一方面ask sb. for sth. = ask sb. to do sth. 請求某人做某事ask sb. not to do sth. 請求某人不要做某事spend (money) on sth. = spend (money) in doing sth. 花錢做某事 sth. cost sb. (money) 某人花錢為了某事take sb. sometime to do sth. 花某人時間做某事find out 查明find sb. doing sth. 發現某人做某事be angry with sb. 生

7、某人的氣be angry at sth. 生某事的氣the same age as = as old as 與某人年齡一樣have fight with sb. 與某人打架learn to do sth. 學會做某事not . until . 直至U 才compare sth.(A) with sth.(B) 把某事(A)與某事(B)作比較its time for sth. = its time to do sth. 至該做某事的時間了 maybe adv. 或許may be (情態動詞 + 動詞原形)可能是shall t shoul情態動詞shall的原形和過去式pay t paid t p

8、a動詞pay的原形、過去式和過去分詞Reading Strategy(閱讀方法)You will learn to use new words better if you use a learners dictionary. ( 時刻學著應用新單詞來 學習比時刻使用字典這種途徑方法更好。 )A bilingual dictionary sometimes gives the wrong meaning for the situation you want. ( 在某些你需要的場合下， 一本雙語字典有時會給你錯誤的 解釋。 )Unit 3 What were you doing when the

9、 UFO arrived?重點語法：過去進行時態do/does 的過去進行時態形式： (was/were) doing do/does 的過去進行時態的被動語態： (was/were) being done過去將來時態的肯定句、否定句和疑問句形式：肯定句例句：l was walking down the street when a UFO landed.否定句例句：l wasnt walking down the street when a UFO landed.一般疑問句例句： Were you walking down the street when a UFO landed? 特殊疑問句

10、例句： What were you doing when a UFO landed?動詞 when 和 while 的選擇： when 后加瞬間動詞， while 后加延續性動詞。 例句： The boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed.=While the boy was walking down the street, the UFO landed.感嘆句結構： （1） How + adj. + the + 主語 + 謂語動詞=（2） What + （a/an） + adj. + n. + 主語 + 謂語動詞 例句： What

11、 a beautiful flower it is!=How beautiful the flower is! What beautiful flowers they are! =How beautiful the flowers are!重點短語： get out 出去；離開 take off 起飛 run away 逃跑；跑掉 come in 進來 hear about = hear of 聽說 take place 發生as . as 像一樣（eg/ as old as him 像他一樣老）anywhere = everywhere = here and there 任何地方 think

12、 about 考慮 think of 認為get up = get out of the bed 起床 at the doctors 在診所 every day 每一天 everyday adj. 日常的 most adj. 大部分 the most 最多的 in space 在太空中 national hero 民族英雄all over the world = in the world 全世界Reading Strategy（ 閱讀方法 ）The title can be helpful for you to understand a text. （ 一篇文章的標題可以幫助你理解整篇文 章。

13、）lts also a good idea to read the first sentence of each paragraph before you read.（在閱讀整篇 文章之前，閱讀每段的第一句話也是一個很有效的方法。 ）Unit 4 He said I was hard-working.重點語法：賓語從句結構：主語 + 謂語動詞 + 賓語從句 （主語 + 謂語動詞 + 賓語/表語 ） 例句： Im good at English. He says. （ 改為加賓語從句的復合句 ）He says Im good at English.注意：主句是一般現在時態，賓語從句的時態不受其影

14、響。例句： He says Im good at English now.He says I was good at mathematics when I was young. 主句是過去時態，賓語從句也要用過去時態。例句： He said I was good at mathematics when I was young yesterday . He said I was good at English now yesterday. 賓語從句是客觀真理時永遠用一般現在時態。例句： Our teacher says 24 hours make a day.Our teacher said t

15、he sun gives us so many energy yesterday. 動詞原形不能作主語，必須用其-ing形式。例句： She said helping others changed her life.重點短語： direct speech 直接引語reported speech = indirect speech 間接引語 first of all = at first 首先 pass on 傳遞 be supposed to do sth. 應該做某事 be good at = do well in 在某方面做得好 in good health 身體健康 get over 克

16、服 open up 打開care for = take care of = look after 照料；照顧 not any more = not any longer = no longer 不再 have a cold 感冒 end-of-year exam 年終考試 get nervous 變得緊張forget to do sth. 忘記做某事（該事未做） forget doing sth. 忘記做某事（該事已做）its + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. 做某事對某人來說 （加形容詞）context 上下文Reading Strategy（ 閱讀方法 ）Firs

17、t read for meaning, not for detail. （ 首先理解文段的大致意思， 不在于文段的細節部分。 ）You can understand the meaning of a word you dont know from the context. （ 至于不懂的單詞，你可 以通過上下文來尋找它的正確釋義。 ）Unit 5 If you go to the party, youll have a great time!重點語法： if 引導的條件狀語從句 結構：主句 + if + 條件狀語從句if + 條件狀語從句 + （comma） + 主句注意：在 if 引導的條件

18、狀語從句中，主句應用將來時態，狀語從句用一般現在時態。 例句： Youll have a great time if you go to the party.=If you go to the party , youll have a great time. 重點短語： take away 拿走around the world = all over the world 在世界各地 make a living 謀生 all the time = always 一直Whats the problem? = Whats the matter? = Whats wrong? 怎么了？in order

19、to do sth. 為了做某事make sb. do sth. 使得某人做某事（ to 省略，該結構是一個不帶 to 的不定式。 ） make sb. adj.使得某人 （加形容詞）make sb. done 使得某人被做be famous for為而出名be famous as 作為而出名in class 在課堂上spend .（time/money） on sth. = spend .（time/money） in doing sth. 花 （時間 /錢）用于做某事see sb. do sth. 看見某人做某事（強調整個過程）see sb. doing sth. 看見某人做某事（強調偶然

20、性）say t saidsa動詞say的原形、過去式和過去分詞tell t told t 動詞tell的原形、過去式和過去分詞eat t ate t eat動詞eat的原形、過去式和過去分詞speak tspoke t spoken 動詞 speak 的原形、過去式和過去分詞Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?重點語法：現在完成進行時態do/does 的現在完成進行時態形式： have/has been doing do/does 的現在完成進行時態的被動語態： have/has been being done 現在完成進行時態所應用

21、的場合： 某事從過去發生一直持續到現在都在做 過去發生的動作對現在造成影響 例：我已上了三年初中。I have been in Junior School for 3 years. 自從那次他與我談過心后，我天天都在進步。I have been making progress since he talked with me that time. 現在完成進行時態的肯定句、否定句和疑問句形式： 肯定句例句： I have been skating for five hours. 否定句例句： I havent been skating for five hours. 一般疑問句例句： Have

22、you been skating for five hours? 特殊疑問句例句： How long have you been skating? 注意：瞬間動詞不能和一段時間連用。例句：你借這本書已經多長時間了？How long have you been keeping this book?重點短語： run out of 用完；用盡by the way 順便說說be interested in doing sth. 對某事感興趣more than 比多far away 在遠處would like to do sth. = want to do sth. = feel like doing

23、 sth. 想要做某事 send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 把某物贈送給某人 in fact 實際上 room 房間（用于可數名詞） ；空間（用于不可數名詞）com mon more com monthe most com mon 形容詞 com mon 的原級、比較級和最高級Reading Strategy（ 閱讀方法 ）Let your eyes scan the text quickly to find details that youre looking for. （ 在閱讀文章之前，用 眼睛 “橫掃 ”整篇文章， 快速尋找你需要的文章要點。 ）You c

24、an find information quickly without reading the whole text. （ 這樣你就不用細讀整篇文章，就能尋找到你需要的一些信息。 ）Unit 7 Would you mind turning down the music? 重點語法： mind ones doing sth. 介意（某人）做某事 重點短語： not at all 一點也不turn down 調節使音量變小right away = in a minute = at once 立刻；馬上wait in line 排隊等候cut in line 插隊等候hasnt = has not

25、keep . down 壓低聲音；使緩和at first = first of all 首先take care 當心；小心take care of = care about = look after 關心；照顧break the rule 違規obey the rule 遵守規定put out 熄滅pick sth. up 撿起某物wait for sb. 等候某人depend on 依賴；依靠get back = return 要回meanmeant mean動詞 mean 的原形、過去式和過去分詞Reading Strategy（ 閱讀方法 ）As we read, we need to

26、find topic sentences.（ 在我們閱讀的時候，我們需要尋找 “主題語句 ”， 也就是和文章中心最相關的語句。 ） These sentences usually gives us a summary, or overall meaning of each paragraph and help us understand what the paragraph is about.（ 這些語句通常會 給我們一些文章的 “概要”，或者每個文段的全部意思， 來幫助我們理解段落大意。 ） After the topic sentence comes more detail and exp

27、lanation.（ 當 “主題語句 ”出現后，該段的一些解釋和細 節也就會隨之出現。 ）Unit 8 Why dont you get her a scarf?重點語法：詢問別人為什么要做或者不做某事why dont you do sth. = why not do sth.例句： Why dont you get her a camera? = Why not get her a camera? what about = how about例句： How about some tennis balls? = What about some tennis balls? 重點短語： fall

28、asleep 入睡give away 贈送；分發hear of = hear about 聽說take an interest in = be interested in 對感興趣make friends with 與交友make progress 取得進步keep t keptkept詞 keep的原形、過去式和過去分詞feed t fed t fe動詞feed的原形、過去式和過去分詞 fall t fell t fa動詞fall的原形、過去式和過去分詞 hear t heard t heat詞 hear的原形、過去式和過去分詞Reading Strategy（ 閱讀方法 ）To under

29、stand the important ideas from the text, we must summarize.（ 為了了解文段最主要的 意圖，我們必須要進行總結。 ） Do this by answering who, what, where, why questions as you read.（在閱讀時，常注意回答時間、地點、人物這些基本要素問題，達到總結的目的。）Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement?重點語法：現在完成時態do/does 的現在完成時態形式： (have/has) donedo/does 的現在完成時態的被動語態： (have/has) been done 現在完成時態主要強調過去發生的事情對現在的影響。例句：我去年去過美國，那是我第一次出國。I have ever