1、小升初：祈使句精講及練習（含答案） 一、祈使句（Imperative Sentence ） 定義：用于表達命令、請求、勸告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做 祈使句. 祈使句因對象（即主語）是第二人稱，所以通常都省略。祈使句的動 詞都為一般現在時，句末則使用句號來表示結束。 例：Go and wash your han ds.（去洗你的手。命令） Be quiet, please. （ Please be quiet.）（請安靜。一請求） Be kind to our sister.（對姊妹要和善。勸告） Watch your steps.（走路小心。一警告） Look out ！ Danger ！（小

2、心！危險！ 一強烈警告，已如感嘆句） No parki ng.（禁止停車。一一禁止） 祈使句也常把主語 “You”表達出來，使對方聽起來覺得柔和些， 例如： You go and tell him, Chris.（克立斯你去告訴他。） 二、相關口令 祈使句無主語，主語you常省去； 動詞原形謂語當，句首加dont否定變； 朗讀應當用降調，句末常標感嘆號。 三、表現形式 （一）肯定結構： 1. Do型（即:動詞原形 什賓語）+其它成分）。如:Please have a seat here. 請這邊坐。 有的祈使句在意思明確的情況下，動詞可省略。 女口:This way, please. = Go

3、 this way, please. 請這邊走。 2. Be型（即:Be +表語（名詞或形容詞）+其它成分）。 如:Be a good boy!要做一個好孩子！ 3. Let型（即丄et +賓語+動詞原形+其它成分）。如：Let me help you.讓我來幫你。 （二）否定結構： 1. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加 dont構成。如:Dont forget me!不要忘記我! 2. Let型的否定式有兩種： （1） “ Dont + let +賓語+動詞原形+其它成分” “Let +賓語+ not +動詞原形+其它成分”。 如:Dont let him go. / Let him n

4、 ot go. 別讓他走。 3. 有些可用no開頭，用來表示禁止性的祈使句。如:No smoking!禁止吸煙!No fishing!禁止釣魚！ 四、”let帶頭的祈使句 由let帶頭的祈使句（Imperative Sentences）是個常見的動詞句型， 它 的主要用法有下列三種： 1. 表示建議”。 這個句型里的let后頭緊跟著一個第一人稱的代詞賓語，如： （1） Let me try. （2） Lets do it. （3）Let me go and look for it. 這個句型語氣委婉，比直接的祈使句客氣。試比較 （4）a和b: （4）a. Dont disturb him. b

5、. Lets not disturb him. （a）是直接命令，語氣強烈，不如（b）溫柔悅耳。 2. 表示間接命令”或愿望”。 這句型里的動詞賓語是第三人稱名詞或代詞，如： (5) Let Robert take charge of the marketi ng departme nt. (讓robert接管市場部。) (6) Let her join our choir.(讓她加入我們的合唱團。) 3. 表示警告”、蔑視”、威脅”等。 這種祈使句里的賓語也是第三人稱為主。除了口氣兇悍之外， 有時還語帶諷刺，如： (7) Let him try and he will expose his

6、in ability to work on his own. (8) Let the invaders come and our armed forces will wipe them out in no time. 五、用let的祈使句時，必須注意下列幾點： (一)、let的否定句有兩種。如果賓語是第三人稱用Dont let.(見例(9)；如果賓語是第一人稱，則用Let.not(見例(10): (9) Dont let this type of things happe n aga in. (10) Its raining now. Lets not go out until after t

7、he rain. (二) 、Let只適用于現在時態，可以有被動語態(the passive voice)，如： (11) Let the man be sent to pris on. (12) Let all the excelle nt staff be promoted. (三) 、Let后頭除了是不帶to的不定式動詞之外，還可以 是某些適當的副詞，如out, in, down, alone (13) Let the man out. (14) Open the windows and let the fresh air in. (15) The room is too sunny. L

8、et the bli nds dow n. (16) Let me alone, please. (四)、用Lets時，把談話者的對象包括在內；用 Let us時，并不 包括對方，如： (17) Lets try it, shall we? (18) Let us do it by ourselves, will you? 從(17)里的shall we和(18)里的will you，不難知道前者包括聽 話人，后者并沒有。 祈使句練習一 1. The TV is too loud. Please. A. turn it down B. to turn it down C. turn down

9、it D. to turn down it 2. late again, Bill! A. Dont to be B. Dont be C. Not be D. Be not 3. cross the road until the traffic lights turn green. A. Not B. Wont C. Doesnt D. Dont 4. Please help me carry it,? A. will I B. will you C. shall I D. shall we 5. Dont make so much noise,? A. will you B. wont y

10、ou C. shall we D. do you 6. Do you know the girlunder the tree? A. stand B. to stand C. standing D. stood 7. Kate,your homework here tomorrow. A. bring B. brings C. to bring D. bringing 8. me the truth, or ril be angry. A. Telling B. To tell C. Told D. Tell 9. Ive kept the dogMaomao for a long time.

11、 A. Name B. namedC. naming D. to name 10. Dont you know thatis good for our health? A. swim B. swimming C. swam D. swims 祈使句練習二 I.將以下祈使句改為否定式： 1. Come here early. . 2. Ask him. 3. Please wait for her. Please dont wait for her 4. Read the book carefully. Dont read the book carefully. 5. Sit under the

12、 tree, please. Dont sit under the tree,please. 6. Let s go there together. Lett not go there together. 11. 選擇最佳答案填空： 1. If you are tired,a rest. A. have B. having C. to have D. had 2. me go. It is very important for me. A. Do let B. let do C. Doing let D. To do let 3. He is not honest.believe him. A

13、. Not B. Don G.To not D. Not to 4. If you want to stay, let me know,? A. will youB. shall we C. do you D. do we 5. Never come late again,? A. will you B. won tC. do youD. does he 6. up early tomorrow, or you can t catch the train. A. Getting B. Get C. To get D. Got 7. in the street. It s dangerous.

14、A. Not play B. Not to play C. Don t play D. Don t to play 8. Pleaseme some money, will you? A. lendB. lendingC. to lend D. be lend 9. The film is about to begin. Pleaseseated. A. be B. are C. is D. being 10. the boxes. You may use them later. A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. Kept III. 用括號內所給動詞的適當形式填

15、空。 1. It s an important meeting.(not, be )late. 2. (not,make) any noise! Your mother is sleeping. 3. (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and (be) polite. 4. ( not, talk) andread(read) aloud. 5. (not,leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry. 6. (look) out! A car is coming. 7. (give) us ten year

16、s and just see what our country will be like. 8. (not, let) the baby cry. 9. Wear more clothes or you(catch) a cold. 10. Let s(not, say) anything about it. VI.選擇填空 ()1 .Her doctor said:“work so hard ” A StopB Don t C Can t D No ()2. Sindy,to be here at 8 o clock A is sure B is sure that C will be su

17、re D be sure ()3.when you cross the road. A Do care B Care C Do be careful D To be careful ()4.him the secret, will you? A Don t tell B Not to tell C Not telling D No telling ()5.in bed. It s bad for your eyes. A Not to read B Don t read C Don t to read D Not read ()6.Your child. We ll look after hi

18、m. A Not to worry about B Don t worry about C Not worry forD Don t worry with ( )7.They are very tired. Whyhave a rest? A not they B do not they C don t they D not to ()8 -You look rather tired.stopping to have a rest? -All right. A Why not B How about C Why not to Dwhy don t ()9tell a lie. A Hardly

19、B Not C No D Never ( )10.Pleaselook outside. Look at the blackboard. A not B don t C aren tD can t ()11. Why don t you join us in the gan(考察 why dont you =?) A What not B Why not C Why to D How to ()12go for the book alone, Ms Zhang. A Let s B Let me C Letus D Allow ()13 John, read the text for us,?

20、 A does he B will he C do you D will you ()14. Let s do it at once,? A shall we B will you C do we D do you ()15. Let us do it at once,? A shall we B will you C do we D do you V.將下列漢語翻譯成英語 1. 請照看好您的包。 2. 讓我們去學校吧！! 3. 親愛的，高興點兒！! 4. 不要把書放這兒。 , 5. 不要讓貓進來。. 祈使句練習一答案：1-5 ABDBA 6-10 CADBB 祈使句練習二答案： 1.將以下祈使句改為否定式： 1. Dont come here early. 2. Dont ask him 3.Please dont wait for her 4. Dont read the book carefully 5. Dont sit under the tree,please. 6. Lett not go there together. （注 意 lets 否定是 lets not） II. 選擇最佳答案填空：1-5 AABAA 6-10 BCAAA 解析：（是對動詞的強調，記住在動詞前加助動詞） III. 用括號內所給動詞的適當形式填空。 Do