1、土方開挖分項工程質量技術交底卡GD20131010 叵I 施工單位皇冠發展建設有限公司工程名稱時代城市分部工程地下室地基與基礎工程交底部位地下室基礎日 期2013年 10 月10 日一、施工準備（一）作業條件1、土方開挖（1）制定開挖方案，確定合理的開挖方式、施工順序和邊坡防護措施，選擇適當的施工機械。（2）將施工區城內的地上、地下障礙物清除和處理完畢。（3）做好建筑物的標準軸線樁、標準水平樁，用白灰灑出開挖線，必須經過檢驗臺格，辦理 完驗線手續。（4） 若設計基礎底面低于地下水位， 要提前采取降水措施，把地下水位降至低于開挖底面0.5m 以下。然后再開挖。（5）夜間施工時，應合理安排工序，防

2、止錯挖或超挖。施工場地應根據需要安裝照明設施， 在危險地段應設置明顯標志。（6）熟悉圖紙。（7）做好技術交底。（二）施工機具鏟土機、自卸汽車、挖土機、鏟運車及翻斗車等、蛙式或柴油打夯機、手推車、鐵鍬、35m鋼尺，20#鉛絲、膠皮管、尖、平頭鐵鍬、手錘、手推車、梯子、鐵鎬、撬棍、鋼尺、坡度尺、小線等。質量要求工藝流程（一）土方開挖（一）土方開挖工程質量要求項序項目允許偏差或允許值（mr)柱基、基坑、基槽挖方場地平整管溝地（路）面基層人工機械主控 項目1標高-50 30 50-50-502長度、寬度（由設計中 心線向兩邊量）+200-50+300-100+500-100+100-一般項目3邊坡設計

3、要求1表面平整度20205020202基底土性設計要求注：地（路）面基層的偏差只適用于直接在挖、填土方上做地（路）面的基層。四、操作工藝（一）土方開挖走。3、槽寬（cm）排列方式間距（m）深度（m小于80中心一排1.51.580 200兩邊錯開1.51.5大于200梅花型1.51.5柱基梅花型1.5 2.01.5，并不小于短邊尺寸4、釬探完成后，釬孔要用干中細砂貫實。同時在釬探平面布置圖上注明特硬、特軟點。基坑打釬探測完畢后，會請設計、建設、勘探單位及政府部門等人員驗槽。對不符合要求 的軟弱土層等情況作出處理記錄，處理完全符合要求后，參加各方會簽隱蔽工程記錄。5、雨期施工時，要加強對邊坡的保護

4、。可適當放緩邊坡或設置支撐，同時在坑外側圍以土堤 或開挖水溝，防止地面水流入。冬期施工時，要防止地基受凍。6、注意事項（1）(2)(3)開挖過程中，嚴格控制開挖尺寸，基坑底部的開挖寬度要考慮工作面的增加寬度，并 在開挖過程中試打釬，避免大面積的二次開挖。施工時盡力避免基底超挖，個別超挖 的地方經設計單位給出方案用級配砂石回填。盡量減少對基土的擾動，若基礎不能及時施工時，可預留 基礎時再挖。開挖基坑時，有場地條件的，一次留足回填需要的好土，多余土方運到棄土處，避免 二次搬運。土方開挖時，要注意保護標準定位樁、軸線樁、標準高程樁。要防止鄰近建筑物的下 沉，應預先采取防護措施，并在施工過程中進行沉降

5、和位移觀測。200300mn土層不挖，待作(4)專業技術負交底人:接受人:1、人工開挖淺基礎、管溝等測量放線T切線分層開挖T修坡T整平挖土自上而下水平分段進行，每層0.3m左右，邊挖邊檢查槽寬，至設計標高后，統一進行修坡清底。相鄰基坑開挖時，要按照先深后淺或同時進行開挖的原則施工。2、機械開挖一般深度2m以內的大面積開挖，宜采用推土機或裝載機淮土和裝土；對長度和寬度較大 的大面積土方一次開挖， 可采用鏟運機鏟土； 對面積大且深的基坑， 可采用液壓正、反鏟開挖; 深5m以上的設備基礎或高層建筑地下室深基坑，宜分層開挖。一般機械土方開挖由翻斗汽車 配合運土。機械開挖時，要配合少量人工清土，將機械挖

6、不到的地方運到機械作業半徑內，由機械運 機械開挖在接近槽底時，用水準儀控制標高，預留2030cm土層人工開挖.以防止超挖。開挖到距槽底50cm以內后，測量人員測出距槽底50cm的水平標志線，然后在槽幫上或基坑底部釘上小木樁，清理底部土層時用它們來控制標高。根據軸線及基礎輪廓檢驗基槽尺 寸，修整邊坡和基底。土方開挖完畢后，對基底要進行釬探。若設計無特殊說明，釬探布置按下表執行。Earthwork excavationSub-project quality and technical tests CardGD201310103Con structi on Un itProject n ameYan

7、gon City TimePart of projectBaseme nt foun dati on projectTest partBaseme nt foun dati onDate10.10.2013Crow n Developme nt Con structi on Co., ltdContents1Preparati on of con struct ion1. Work ing con diti on2、Earthwork excavati on(1) En sure the reas on able excavatio n method, con struct ion seque

8、 nee, side slope protecti on, and select the appropriate con structi on mach in ery.(2) Clear the obstacles materials on the con struct ion site。(3) M ake sure the standard piles of the structure, level, and marks the excavation line before the excavati on work start(4) When the foundation base is b

9、elow the groundwater level, the water level should drop to 0.5m below the base and start the work(5) When work ing at ni ght, should arrange the reas on able of work ing procedure to preve nt wrong dig or over dig. Accord ing to the requireme nt the site should in stall the light ing facilities , ob

10、vious marks shall be set up in a dan gerous zone.(6) Well know about the draw ing details.(7) Tech nical disclosure.2.C on structio n mach ineryBackhoe, loader, dump truck, hand trolley,3-5m steel ruler, steel bar,20sizeSteel wire, plastic pipe, hammer, ladder etc .2. Quality requireme nt(二) Earthwo

11、rk excavati on quality requireme ntTypeNo.ProjectAllowable deviati on or permitted(mmFoun dati onDampi ngDrain depthRoad surfaceLaborMach ineryMajor1Dime nsi on-50 30 50-50-502Len gth ,width(measure from cen tre to both sides )+200-50+300-100+500-100+100-minor3Side slopeAvailable draw ing1Surface le

12、vel20205020202Soil typeAvailable draw ingNote : road surface deviation level is only applicable to directly earth fill level3.Tech ni cal processExcavati on workMake sure the excavatio n seque nee and side slope, cut of the groove edge con tour along the mark line. Excavate layer by layer, clea ning

13、 the base.4.Operatio n processEarthwork excavati on7、Manual foun dati on and drain excavati on.ill ar ISurvey Layer by layer Slope protect ionDamp ing8、Diggi ng from up to bottom level, each layer differe nee is 0.3m or more. Dig and check the width, whe n achieved the requireme nt height, prepari n

14、g the clea ning.When excavat ingbesidefoun dati on,should excavate in accorda nee with the principle excavation construction.In case of large surface excavati on work, the earth can be moved by hydraulic,loader. More than 5mdeep foundation or high-rise building,basement foundation should excavate la

15、yer by layer. I n gen eral earthwork excavati on the earth can be moved by track machi nery. ;During machinery excavation, there may be some difficult for excavate, the n some labor may require to take part. When the excavati on is n ear the base, should rema in 20-30cm soil layer for man ual excava

16、te in order to preve nt over dig.9、When excavation work has reached 50cm above the base, the surveyorthe water level and mark, and clea ning work should be based on this mark.mach inery toshould surveyfollow tabel。10、After the excavation work, testingthe base can be based on theContentsWidth (cm)Arr

17、an geme ntSpaci ng(mHeight (m)Less than 80Cen ter to cen ter1.51.580 200Outside to outside1.51.5Large tha n200Blum blossom shape1.51.5Foot ingBlum blossom shape1.5 2.01.5 , not less than shortside dime nsionAfter the testi ng, desig ner, i nspector, and gover nment staff will recheck theresult, and

18、report ing.5. When the rain period con struct ion, should protect the side slope well 。 Can be set up support if requirement, and surrounded by earth fill on the side of pit excavation ditch, to preve nt surface water in flow.6.Atte ntion(5)During excavationwork, strictly control sizeof foundation width, consider(6)of foun dati on size in creased, avoid the sec on dary excavati on, to avoid the basal