目錄1設(shè)計(jì)題目12設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容13方案總體設(shè)計(jì)與論證14硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)241最小系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)242傳感器模塊243負(fù)載模塊344鍵盤模塊445顯示模塊45軟件設(shè)計(jì)551主函數(shù)部分552中斷部分653顯示刷新部分654按鍵掃描部分755按鍵功能實(shí)現(xiàn)部分856更新輸出控制信號(hào)部分957PID控制部分1058LCD顯示部分1159延時(shí)部分116系統(tǒng)調(diào)試127結(jié)束語128參考文獻(xiàn)12附錄一系統(tǒng)硬件原理圖13附錄二源程序代碼14摘要本文章介紹了由51單片機(jī)以及直流電機(jī)、三極管驅(qū)動(dòng)電路、矩陣鍵盤、LCD和紅外傳感器構(gòu)成的轉(zhuǎn)速閉環(huán)控制系統(tǒng)。其中紅外傳感器負(fù)責(zé)對(duì)電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速進(jìn)行測量，并將測量的結(jié)果反饋給控制中心，并由控制中心將之與設(shè)定值進(jìn)行比較得到偏差，再由偏差產(chǎn)生直接控制作用去消除偏差。文章不但介紹了基于單片機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速控制系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì)，還涉及了硬件設(shè)計(jì)方法。文中介紹系統(tǒng)不但可以實(shí)現(xiàn)手動(dòng)控制，還有無人值守，自動(dòng)調(diào)速功能。關(guān)鍵詞直流電機(jī)閉環(huán)控制單片機(jī)矩陣鍵盤LCD課程設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書設(shè)計(jì)題目基于單片機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)生姓名課程名稱智能義器義表設(shè)計(jì)與調(diào)試專業(yè)班級(jí)測控地點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)樓I512起止時(shí)間2010621至201072設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容及要求要求設(shè)計(jì)的轉(zhuǎn)速控制系統(tǒng)完成以下功能1基本功能按鍵設(shè)定并顯示轉(zhuǎn)速，實(shí)時(shí)顯示實(shí)際轉(zhuǎn)速按鍵控制電機(jī)起停、正反轉(zhuǎn)PWM轉(zhuǎn)速閉環(huán)控制。2擴(kuò)展功能實(shí)現(xiàn)與PC機(jī)的通訊將轉(zhuǎn)速的設(shè)定值和實(shí)測值發(fā)送到PC機(jī)顯示，PC機(jī)可以設(shè)定速度，發(fā)送到單片機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)1轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)節(jié)范圍1500轉(zhuǎn)/分3000轉(zhuǎn)/分2測速誤差100PWM100PWM100PWM100PWMPWMSCANFLAG1IFCONTRL1000CONTRL0REFLAG1AIFA5CTRLFLAG1A0VOIDDISPLAYIFREFLAG1ACCEPTNUMBER15RECEIVED1ACCEPT/10000X30RECEIVED2ACCEPT1000/1000X30RECEIVED3ACCEPT100/100X30RECEIVED4ACCEPT100X30REFLAG0DISPZIMU2,4,8,RECEIVEDNUMBER0IFPWMFLAG1|AUTOFLAG1ZKB0PWM/1000X30ZKB1PWM/10100X30ZKB2PWM100X30PWMFLAG0DISPZIMU3,4,3,ZKBIFSETFLAG1SSPEEDQ1000B100S10GDISPZIMU1,4,8,SETNUMSETFLAG0VOIDKEY_FUNCIFREKEY0IFREKEY11MODE0IFREKEY12MODE1IFREKEY1IFPWM100PWM100IFPWM100PWM100IFPWM4TEMP_DATA24TEMP_DATA20XFORI0I100I/按鍵掃描函數(shù)/頭文件/IFNDEF_KEYSCAN_H_DEFINE_KEYSCAN_H_INCLUDE“REG51H“UNSIGNEDCHARKEYSCANVOIDENDIF/C文件/INCLUDE“KEYSCANH“UNSIGNEDCHARKEYSCANUNSIGNEDCHARI,DATA1,DATA2UNSIGNEDINTX,KEYNUMP20X0FDATA1P2IFDATA10X0FI0RETURNIFORX0X1000X/消抖P20X0FDATA1P2/P2GAIBIANIFDATA10X0FI0RETURNIP20XF0|DATA1DATA2P2DATA1DATA1|DATA2SWITCHDATA1CASE0XE7KEYNUM1WHILEP20XE7BREAKCASE0XEBKEYNUM2WHILEP20XEBBREAKCASE0XEDKEYNUM3WHILEP20XEDBREAKCASE0XEEKEYNUM4WHILEP20XEEBREAKCASE0XD7KEYNUM5WHILEP20XD7BREAKCASE0XDBKEYNUM6WHILEP20XDBBREAKCASE0XDDKEYNUM7WHILEP20XDDBREAKCASE0XDEKEYNUM8WHILEP20XDEBREAKCASE0XB7KEYNUM9WHILEP20XB7BREAKCASE0XBBKEYNUM10WHILEP20XBBBREAKCASE0XBDKEYNUM11WHILEP20XBDBREAKCASE0XBEKEYNUM12WHILEP20XBEBREAKCASE0X77KEYNUM13WHILEP20X77BREAKCASE0X7BKEYNUM14WHILEP20X7BBREAKCASE0X7DKEYNUM15WHILEP20X7DBREAKCASE0X7EKEYNUM16WHILEP20X7EBREAKRETURNKEYNUM/PID控制算法/頭文件/IFNDEF_PID_H_DEFINE_PID_H_INCLUDE“REG51H“INTPIDINTSETPOINT,INTACHIEVEDSBITLEDP00ENDIF/C文件/INCLUDE“PIDH“INTPIDINTSETPOINT,INTACHIEVEDFLOATP5,I1,D05STATICFLOATEUN00,EN00,EN100,EN200STATICINTOUTP