TableManners,演講者：張望舒，曾子恒制作者：王其梅，楊瑩，曾子恒，毛亞平，徐唯一英語10-1,Tableware餐具,Chopsticks,Knivesandforks,Dinnerknifebutterspreader(奶油刮刀）刀Fork：saladfork,dinnerfork,dessertfork叉（餐叉分得很細(xì)）Goblet:watergoblet,redwinegoblet,whitewinegoblet酒杯Spoon:soupspoonteaspoon勺子Soupbowl碗Serviceordinnerplatebreadandbutterplate餐盤Napkin餐巾,ChopsticksareusedtoeatmostkindsofChinesefoods.Holdyourchopstickstowardstheirend,notinthemiddleorthefrontthirdwhendiningwiththem.Whenyouarenotusingyourchopsticks,orhavefinishedeating,laythemdowninfrontofyouwiththetipstoleft.,butterspreader(奶油刮刀）,餐具擺放(theplaceofthetableware),Informalsettings,allthesilverware,glassware,cups,saucersandthelikeareplacedonthetable,soitsoftendifficulttoknowwhichforktousewhenorwhichwaterglassisyours.Asageneralruletothumb,silverwareislinedupintheorderinwhichapersonwillusethem,goingfromtheoutside,in.Forinstance,theforkandknifeusedforthesaladareplacedintheoutermostofthesetting,farthestfromyourplate(withtheexceptionofthespoon).Dessertsilverware,ifnotbroughtoutwiththedessert,areplacedatthetopofyourentreplate.Glassware,cupandsaucerareplacedtoyourright,whilethenapkin,breadplateandbutterspreadertoyourleft.,餐具的使用（theuseofthetableware),Rulesonflatware(扁平的餐具，指刀，叉，匙等）Startfromtheoutsideandworkyourwayintowardtheplatesasthemealprogresses.Usually,thebigforkisfortheentree;thebigspoonforthesoup.餐具的使用根據(jù)上菜的順序由外向里使用。通常，最大的叉子是用來食用主菜的，最大的湯匙是用來喝湯的。“bd”手勢：吃在你的左手邊，喝在你的右手邊！/Eatbreadisonurleft，drinkisonurright，擺餐具也照此守則Usetheknifebyyourrighthand.andusetheforkbyyourlefthand.,Onceautensil(餐具）hasbeenused,itnevergoesbackonthetable.whenyouaretakingbreak,restyourforkandknifeentirelyontheplate.whenyouarefinished,placethemdiagonally（對角地）ontheplate,sidebyside,withthehandles（手柄）at4oclock.Theknifeblade（刀片）shouldfacethecenteroftheplate,notpointouttowardanotherguest(anancientsignofaggression)任何器具用過之后就要被撤下，不可再回到餐桌上，在用餐的過程中如要休息放下手中的刀叉時，刀叉應(yīng)對角地（八字型）分別放在餐盤邊上，不可一半在餐盤上一半在餐桌上，而且刀刃要朝向餐盤的中央，不能朝外對著旁邊的客人，這在古代會被看作是一個挑釁的信號。每吃完一道菜后，刀叉要并攏放在盤中，等服務(wù)員撤走。,TheorderofdishesinChina,Themealusuallybeginswithasetofatleastfourcolddishes,tobefollowedbythemaincoursesofhotmeatandvegetabledishes.Soupthenwillbeservedtobefollowedbystaplefoodrangingfromrice,noodlestodumplings.Ifyouwishtohaveyourricetogowithotherdishes,youshouldsaysoingoodtime,formostoftheChinesechoosetohavethestaplefoodatlastorhavenoneofthematall.,TheorderofdishesintheWest.Dinnerstartwithasmalldish,whichisoftencalledanastarter.Afterthestarteryouwillgetabowlofsoup.Then,fishcourse.Thenextdishisthemaincourse,itusuallyisabeefsteak.Avegetablesaladwillbeserved.Thenadeliciousdessertwillappearatthetable.Atlastisacupofteaorcoffee.,starter,soup,Fishcourse,Maincourse,vegetable,dessert,coffee,MannersintheWest,1)Whenleavingthetableduringthecourseofyourmeal,putyournapkinonyourchair,notthetable.Noonewantstoseeyourstainednapkin.Andatthecompletionofthemeal,placeitontheleftofyourplate,orifyourplatehasbeencleared,inthecenter.2)Wheninasituationwhereyouhavetopassfoodorcondimentstoothersatthetable,passittoyourright,orcounterclockwise.Neverdoa“boardinghousereach”acrossthetable.,3)Whilecuttingmeat,thecorrectwayistocutapieceandthenswitchyourforktoyourrighthandtopickitup.Thismethodisconsideredthe“American”way.Notswitchingyourforkandusingyourleftiscalledthe“Continental”way,andisdonemostofteninEuropeancountries.ThiswayisgainingacceptanceandIwouldntbesurprisedifonedaysoonitsconsideredacceptableinfinedining.Also,cutmeatapieceatatime.Cuttingtheentiremeatupintopiecesorcuttingmorethanoneatatimeistacky,4)Whenyouredonewithyourmeal,theproperplacementofthesilverwareistolaythemparalleltoeachotherandacrosstheplatewiththehandlesfacingtheright.Toclarify,theendswouldbefacing10oclockandfour.Note:Notallwaiterswillknowthisandtheystillmayaskyouifitsokaytoclearyourplate.Atleastyouappearclassy.,MannersinChina,1)SpittingOuttheBonesInChinaitisalsocommonpracticetospitthingsoutonthetableorthefloor.Oftenfoodhassmallpiecesofboneorotherinediblepartsthatneedtoberemovedfromthemouth.Usingchopsticks,ahandoratissueisapolitewayaroundtheproblem.2)TouchingTablesThoughintheWestitissometimesconsideredrudetoputoneselbowsonthediningtable,thisisquiteacceptableinChina,particularlywheneatingnoodles.Youhowevermaywanttoavoidthisinsomerestaurantswherethetableisonlywipedwithanoldclothandtheremaybesomeunseenresiduefromthepreviouspatronsmeals.,3)DessertEatingsomethingsweetfordessertisnotaChinesecustom.SweetthingscanbefoundhiddenamongeverythingelseonaChinesemenu.FruitsaladsandcaramelcoveredappleareChinesesweetdishesthatarepopularwithWesterners.,4)DrinkingBeerisverypopularinChina,butitisallverysimilarwithnoneofthestrongerordarkervarietiesbrewedintheWest.Theotherpopularalcoholicdrinkisricewine.Beware,thiscanbeverystrong.InChina,drinkingalcoholisstillmainlyamalecustom.Maleguestsareroutinelyofferedalcoholandc