unit 3 the world of colours and light學生用書p218一、語基必備知識(一)重點詞匯分類記憶.閱讀詞匯知其意1abstract adj.抽象的n.摘要，概要2acute adj.銳角的；強烈的；(疾病)急性的；靈敏的；敏銳的3consensus n.共識，一致的意見4helicopter n.直升機5. shadow n.陰影，影子；陰暗處6pond n.池塘7dormitory n.集體宿舍8souvenir n.紀念物，紀念品9dip vt.& vi.浸，蘸10wrinkle vt.& vi.(使)起皺紋n.皺紋，皺褶，皺痕.核心詞匯寫其形1output n.產量，輸出量；輸出2medium n.(藝術創作的)材料，形式；媒介，傳媒adj.中等的3reward n.回報，報酬，獎勵vt.獎勵，給以報酬4passerby n.路人，過路的人5scenery n.風景，景色，風光6scholarship n.獎學金.拓展詞匯通其變1architecture n建筑；建筑學architect n建筑師；設計師2calculate vt.& vi.計算；推測calculation n計算；預測3commit vt.& vi.全心全意投入；犯罪，犯錯；承諾，保證committed adj.堅定的，忠誠的commitment n承諾，許諾，保證，任務4agent n代理人，經紀人agency n代理機構5accommodation n住處；住宿，膳宿；和解，調解accommodate vt.為提供住宿6changeable adj.多變的，易變的 change vt.改變 n變化7admission n(機構、組織等的)準許加入，進入權；承認；入場費admit vt.承認，準許進入，允許加入8disgusting adj.令人不快的，令人厭惡的，令人憤慨的disgust vt.使厭惡disgusted adj.厭惡的1.迷人的“景色”scenery自然風景scene 場面；景色view 景色sight 景象；視野landscape 風景；風景畫outlook 景色2.攻克后綴“ship”常用詞friendship友誼scholarship 獎學金leadership 領導地位relationship 關系hardship 苦難workmanship 手藝；工藝3.異樣的“心情”disgusted厭惡的frightened 害怕的terrified 感到恐懼的embarrassed 尷尬的touched 感動的disappointed 失望的astonished 驚訝的(二)重點短語記牢用活1upwards_of在以上，大于，超過2be_off_to動身去3cut_up切碎；切割開4lay_out布置，設計；鋪開，展開5cut_sth.out_(of_sth.)剪出，剪下6have_a_go_(at)試一試7put_on上演；穿上8experiment_with.用做實驗9range_from_.to_.從到(變化)10in_addition而且，另外11so_far到目前為止12be_eager_to_do_sth.渴望做某事13instead_of代替；而不是14make_a_reservation預定15find_out找到，發現；查明，弄清16be_made_out_of由制成，用制成17be_typical_of是特有的；是典型的18build_up增強；積累，增多19come_on_the_market上市，投入市場20act_as擔任，充當1.“have”相關常用短語have a go (at)試一試have trouble (in) doing sth./with sth. 做某事有困難have sth. in common with. 與有共同之處have a word with sb. 與某人談一談have words with sb. 和某人吵架have a good command of 掌握；精通2.“v.with”短語速記experiment with用做試/實驗meet with 遇見，碰上agree with 同意associate with 與交往deal/do with 處理；對付compete with 與競爭live with 與一起生活3.“makean.”短語薈萃make a reservation 預定make a difference有影響，有區別make a contribution 做貢獻make a mistake 犯錯誤make a noise 發出噪音make a decision 作出決定make a living 謀生(三)重點句式背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：hardly.when.一就hardly had we left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room.第二天早上，我們剛離開宿舍，就意識到我們把地圖忘在房間里了。句型2：虛擬條件句的倒裝省略had_you_come with us，i guarantee you would have enjoyed europe too.如果你們和我們一起來了，我保證你們也會在歐洲玩得開心。句型3：現在分詞短語作結果狀語after his graduation，this project was exhibited in art galleries all over china，making_him_famous_nationwide他畢業后，該項目在中國各地的美術館中展出，這使他聞名全國。二、語境強化訓練.語境填詞根據提示寫出該詞的適當形式1its beautiful scenery(景色) and pleasant climate make beidaihe a worldfamous summer resort.2sooner or later you will be rewarded(獎賞) for your positive attitude towards your work.3during a solar eclipse(日食), the moon casts a shadow(影子) onto earth.4manual workers need a good breakfast for highenergy output(輸出量)5we may talk of beautiful things but beauty itself is abstract(抽象的)6my mind was set at ease at last after receiving the admission (admit) notice.7the weather is very changeable(change) at this time of year, which makes me bored.8just contact a travel agency(agent), and they will do all the necessary things for you.9the government will provide temporary accommodation (accommodate) for up to three thousand homeless people.10i majored in architecture(architect), and then i took some courses in marketing.派生詞練習用所給詞的適當形式填空1a new dorm was built to accommodate the freshmen；that is, the freshmen will be offered accommodation(accommodate)2what the factory did disgusted people living here. the smell it let off was disgusting and i was disgusted at it.(disgust)3it is obvious that we cant change the changeable weather. we have to adjust to it.(change)4tom applied for admission to the graduate program at northwestern university but wasnt admitted into it at last.(admit).選詞成篇have a go at; be off to; upwards of; cut down; lay outa boss 1.laid_out a building for a medical factory at the foot of the mountain. 2.upwards_of 1，000 trees in the forest have been 3.cut_down. local deers home has been destroyed. they will 4.be_off_to look for a new settlement. they are 5.having_a_go_at climbing over the mountain. luckily, the local government has realized this and is doing something to stop it.in addition; find out; (be) made out of; be typical ofit 6.is_typical_of him to 7.find_out the truth no matter how hard it is. for example, he once tried his best to test whether the box 8.made_out_of plastic is nontoxic(無毒的). 9.in_addition,_he also spreads scientific knowledge to people.完成句子1屠呦呦一上臺，觀眾們就發出雷鳴般的掌聲。hardly_had tu youyou stepped_on_the_stage_when the audience broke into thunderous applause.2要是他趕上早班火車的話，就不會開會遲到了。had_he_caught the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.3他每晚回來得很晚，這使他的妻子很生氣。he comes home late every evening, making_his_wife_very_angry學生用書p220 commitvt.& vi.全心全意投入；犯罪，犯錯；承諾，保證基礎練習單句語法填空the teacher is committed to protecting (protect) the interests of students.she doesnt want to make a big emotional commitment(commit) to steve at the moment.i would advise people to think very carefully about committing(commit) themselves to working on sundays.能力提升完成句子一個有頭腦的學生必須專心致志于自學。a thinking student must commit_himself_to_learning by himself.你不用在電話里承諾什么。you dont have to commit_to_anything over the phone.(1)commit an error/a crime/suicide做錯事/犯罪/自殺commit oneself/sb.to (doing) sth.承諾(做)某事be committed to (doing) sth.致力于(做)某事(2)commitment n.承諾；奉獻make a commitment to do sth.承諾做某事佳句背誦 he made a commitment to pay the rent on time.他保證按時付房租。 rewardn酬謝；賞金；獎勵v獎勵，報答，酬謝基礎練習單句語法填空(2018天津卷)the gold medal will_be_awarded (award) to whoever wins the first place in the bicycle race.a.(北京卷)the students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded with success in the end.bhe was rewarded for helping the injured to hospital and he was_awarded(award) a medal at the conference.(安徽卷)when asked for his views about his teaching job, philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding(reward)能力提升一句多譯我送給他一本從上海帶來的書來答謝他的幫助。 i gave him a book bought from shanghai in_reward_for_his_help(reward n)as_a_reward_for_his_help,_i gave him a book which was bought from shanghai.(reward n)i_rewarded_him_with_a_book which i bought from shanghai for his help.(reward v)(1)reward sb. for (doing) sth. 為(做)某事報答/獎賞某人reward sb. with.用報答/回報某人(2)as a reward for. 作為對的回報in reward for. 為了酬謝或報答(3)rewarding adj. 值得做的；有益的 佳句背誦 after being awarded the first prize, he expressed that he would continue to reward the people and the society with his hard work.在被授予一等獎后，他表示他將繼續努力工作以回報人民和社會。名師點津 reward表示“獎賞，酬謝”，指對有功績的事的報答或酬謝。award作名詞時，指正式或官方頒發或授予的獎章、獎金等；作動詞時指正式地或官方地頒發、授予、給予，常用搭配：award sb. sth. award sth. to sb.。 accommodationn住處；住宿，膳宿；和解，調解基礎練習單句語法填空he will accommodate me with the use of his house while he is abroad.wherever he goes, he quickly accommodates himself to the changed conditions.hotel accommodation(accommodate) is included in the price of your holiday.能力提升完成句子建于2018年的那座旅館能容納多達500位客人。the hotel, which was built in 2018, is able to accommodate_up_to_500_guests(1)make/provide accommodations for為提供食宿(2)accommodate vt.供應，供給；使適應；向提供；容納accommodate to sth.順應/適應(新情況)accommodate sb.to sth.使某人適應某事accommodate sb.with sth.為某人提供某物accommodate oneself to.使某人自己適應于佳句背誦 after the earthquake，the first thing the local government did was to provide accommodations for the homeless families.地震之后，當地政府首先要做的事情是給無家可歸的家庭提供食宿。 disgustingadj.令人不快的，令人厭惡的，令人憤慨的基礎練習單句語法填空to her great disgust，some young people behave badly in public.i am disgusted(disgust) with his way of speaking.it is disgusting(disgust) that he always shows off his wealth.there was a disgusted expression on the childs face when he saw the disgusting scene.(disgust)能力提升完成句子我一做完那件事就對自己感到十分厭惡。immediately ive done it i feel completely disgusted_with_myself(1)disgust vt.使生氣；使惡心(2)disgust n.u厭惡，反感；憤慨to ones disgust使某人氣憤/反感的是in disgust厭惡地，氣憤地(3)disgusted adj.厭惡的；憎惡的be disgusted at/by/with對感到反感/厭惡名師點津 disgusting與disgusted都可用作形容詞，但disgusting 意為“令人厭惡的”，常用來修飾物；disgusted意為“感到厭惡的”，常用來修飾人。 cut up切碎；使傷心，難過基礎練習用cut的相關短語填空she was really cut_up when all her friends refused to help her.when you give a speech, youd better cut_out unimportant details.i was speaking to ann on the phone when suddenly we were cut_offevery one of us can make a great effort to cut_down the use of energy in our country.she kept cutting_in on our conversation, which made us very angry.cut in插嘴；打斷(談話)cut down砍倒；削減cut out刪掉；剪除cut away砍掉，切掉cut off切掉；使與外界隔絕；中斷佳句背誦 my mother was cutting up the meat for making dumplings when i got home.當我到家時我的媽媽正在切肉包水餃。 lay out布置，設計；鋪開，展開；花(錢)一詞多義寫出下列句中lay out的含義she laid out all her new clothes on the bed.展開，鋪開we spent the whole morning laying out pictures for the magazine.設計the gardens were laid out with lawns, flower beds and fountains.布置基礎練習用lay的相關短語填空to their relief，the drug dealers have offered to lay_down their arms.lets lay_aside our differences and try to reach a compromise.lay sb.off裁員，解雇某人lay sth.aside 把放在一邊；儲存lay down放下；中斷(工作)；制定(條例或原則) 佳句背誦 she is always hard up because she doesnt lay out her money wisely.她總是很拮據，因為她沒有合理規劃錢。the international company decided to lay off its redundant staff in all its departments.那家跨國公司決定精減所有部門的閑員。 hardly.when.一就(教材p41)hardly had we left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room.第二天早上，我們剛離開宿舍，就意識到我們把地圖忘在房間里了。基礎練習單句語法填空we were_discussing(discuss) the problem when there was a power failure.they had just covered three miles when they realized they had left their ids at home.she opened her eyes with a start and was about to_cry (cry) out when she heard her father urgently telling her to keep quiet.能力提升句型轉換he had hardly collected the papers on his desk when the door burst open.hardly_had_he_collected the papers on his desk when the door burst open.(倒裝)(1)hardly.when.意為“一就”，主句常用過去完成時，when引導的從句常用一般過去時。當hardly位于句首時，主句用部分倒裝。(2)no sooner.than.和scarcely.when.也表示“一就”，與hardly.when.用法相同。be about to do.when./be on the point of doing.when.正要做某事，這時突然be doing sth.when. 正在做某事，這時突然had just done.when. 剛做了某事，這時突然 現在分詞短語作結果狀語(教材p43)after his graduation，this project was exhibited in art galleries all over china, making him famous nationwide.他畢業后，該項目在中國各地的美術館中展出，這使他聞名全國。基礎練習單句語法填空the news shocked the public，leading(lead)to great concern about students safety at school.they reached the company out of breath, only to_be_told(tell) they were fired.能力提升句式升級(普通表達)first of all, i speak english fluently. it allows me to communicate with visitors without delay.(2019全國卷)(高級表達)first of all, i speak english fluently, allowing_me_to_communicate_with_visitors_without_delay(現在分詞短語作狀語) making him famous nationwide為現在分詞短語作結果狀語。(1)現在分詞(短語)作結果狀語常表示意料、情理之中的結果。(2)不定式(短語)作結果狀語常表示出乎意料的結果。 佳句背誦 the hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment，allowing more patients to be treated.醫院最近獲得了新的醫療設備，使更多的病人得到救治。(2017天津卷)學生用書p223維度一在空白處填入括號內單詞的正確形式1committed to providing (provide) better services，the company will offer netizens all the information they need.2each student dipped(dip) a finger into the mixture, sucked it and made a face.3he has_been_rewarded (reward) for his hard work over those five yearsmore than 10，000 yuan a month.4john was_studying(study) in his room when he heard screaming.5he lifted a rock, only to_drop (drop) it on his own feet.維度二在空白處填入1個適當的單詞1hardly had we sat down at the table when the phone rang.2he employed a foreigner to act as his bodyguard.3while delicious，they tend to be expensive so you can have a go at making your own.4it was calculated that about 2，000 students had visited the old temple.5we are off to a new city for a holiday next month.維度三語境品詞(寫出加黑詞匯在語境中的意義)1(2019天津卷)however，we can achieve meaning only if we have made a commitment to something larger than our own little egos(自我), whether to loved ones，to fellow humans, to work, or to some moral concept.承諾2i cast my own shadow upon my path because i have a lamp that has not been lighted.影子3to make the soup, you should first cut up some carrots and beef into small pieces and then put them into the pot.切碎4a number of trees have been cut down to make way for the highway in recent years, which makes us very upset.砍倒維度四易錯誤用(改正下列句子中的錯誤)1once the project is completed, they are off the next opportunity.在off后加to2hardly had he finished his talk than he was surrounded by the excited workers.thanwhen3it is important that our plan should be well laid off before we begin to work.offout4he cut off the electricity quickly, prevented an accident.preventedpreventing5teaching is not very financially reward.rewardrewarding6i have committed myself to sit on two committees.sitsitting7we wouldnt have got into trouble if had we followed his advice.刪除if8the kitchen was in a disgusted state when she left.disgusteddisgusting維度五完成句子1只有生病了才知道健康的可貴。only when one falls ill does_one_know_the_value_of_health29月臺風杜鵑襲擊了浙江省，造成嚴重的水災。typhoon dujuan hit zhejiang province in september，causing_serious_flooding3眾所周知， 你如果不進行有規律地鍛煉， 身體就不會健康。 it is known to all that unless_you_exercise_regularly,_you wont keep fit.4建筑師承諾她會在一個月之內完成設計。the architect has committed_herself_to_finishing the design within a month.5(湖北卷)我去書店的路上， 在一個十字路口等綠燈， 這時一個大約十歲的女孩被一輛駛過的車撞倒了，(然后)這輛車迅速開走了。 i was on my way to the bookstore and was_waiting_for_the_green_light_at_a_crossing_when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car, which drove off quickly.提能一語段填空(短文中黑體部分為本單元核心知識點，請補全短文，并背誦體會黑體部分用法)it is a consensus that he was a famous painter, 1.whose birthplace was spain. he was expert in abstract still life and oil painting. when he was young, he showed great interest 2.in painting and was 3.committed(commit) to this art. when he was 15 years old, he was off to learn from a famous artist. when he was 19, he gained an 4.admission(admit) to an art university and he also got scholarship. it is 5.calculated(calculate) that it was his changeable painting style 6.that made him upwards of his teacher. he acutely observed the scenery and things around him, such as trees and shadows, beings in the pond and the starry sky. he thought that his efforts were 7.rewarding(reward). his works 8.are_displayed(display) in a famous gallery at present. meanwhile, he also enjoyed his life. in 9.his(he) spare time, he acted as a chef. he often laid out a piece of cloth on the table and cut up some meat on it 10.to_cook(cook) a good meal.提能二話題寫作(用本單元詞匯、句式和語法知識寫滿分作文)1補全要點句(黑體部分請用本單元所學詞匯)上周我和兒子到北京參觀了一個畫展。last week i was_off_to_a_gallery in beijing with my son.里面有很多抽象派油畫在展出，時間跨度從13世紀到20世紀。there were many abstract paintings on show，ranging_from the 13th century to the 20th century.有些油畫單件價值數百萬美元以上。some of the paintings are worth upwards_of millions of dollars each.由于免費入場，據估計當天有5 000人欣賞了那些漂亮的油畫。because admission was free, it_was_calculated_that more than 5，000 people enjoyed the beautiful paintings that day.我兒子一看到這些油畫，就承諾要學習繪畫。hardly_had my son seen these paintings when he committed_himself_to studying painting.如果足夠努力，他一定會有回報的。should_he make enough efforts，he would receive a reward2升級平淡句用定語從句升級句there_were_many_abstract_paintings_on_show,_which_ranged_from_the_13th_century_to_the_20th_century.用介詞短語作狀語升級句because_of_free_admission,_it_was_calculated_that_more_than_5，000_people_enjoyed_the_beautiful_paintings_that_day.3銜接成美文_one possible version：last week i was off to a gallery in beijing with my son.there were many abstract paintings on show, which ranged from the 13th century to the 20th century.some of the paintings are worth upwards of millions of dollars each.because of free admission, it was calculated that more than 5，000 people enjoyed the beautiful paintings that day.hardly had my son seen these paintings when he committed himself to studying painting.should he make enough efforts, he would receive a reward.課時練12篇閱讀1篇完形學生用書p399(單獨成冊) 閱讀理解a(2020黃山高三模擬)in mark turins article“protecting our public spaces” in issue 14, he claims that “all graffiti(涂鴉) is vandalism(故意破壞財物的行為), pure and simple, and offers no benefit to our public spaces”. i would like to point out that many people believe that graffiti is an art form that can benefit our public spaces just as much as sculptures, fountains, or other more accepted art forms.people who object to graffiti usually do so more because of where it is, not what it is. they argue that posting graffiti in public places is considered an illegal act of property damage. but the location of such graffiti should not prevent the images themselves from being considered real art.i would arg