“先學后教，當堂訓練”模式下初中英語閱讀教學策略研究 Unit 9 Do you know when basketball was invented? 授課人：馬杰一、 教材依據人教版義務教育課程標準實驗教科書英語（新目標）九年級Unit 9 When was it invented ? 中的Reading: Do you know when basketball was invented ?作為教學內容。二、設計理念根據新課程標準要求，按“QA2L”模式進行教學活動設計，“QA2I”是指Question（問題）、Association（聯系）、Imitation（模仿）、Induction（梳理）等教學活動結合“先學后教，當堂訓練”模式。教學中讓學生觀看1936年柏林奧運會開幕式，NBA比賽錄像，創設真實的教學情境，提供生動、豐富的學習材料，讓學生在應用活動中理解所學的知識并解決實際問題，促進語言知識、交際技能與情感體驗的銜接。實施以學生主動參與的任務驅動型(Task-based activity)學習方式，設計了有趣的學習任務，讓他們都能享受到學習英語的樂趣。讓學生進行free talk以發展學生的聽、說技能；談論“ have sports”導入中心話題“ basketball”，并就這一中心話題進行open discussion完成課堂設置的有關本閱讀中語言知識方面的一系列Task-based activities來體驗和運用語言；然后要求學生通過小組討論的形式進一步鞏固所學的內容并共同評價活動的落實情況；最后教師引導學生將課文知識進行梳理延伸。 三、教學目標圍繞 “basketball”（籃球），讓學生掌握本文大意及文中所包含的語言知識，并滲透“熱愛體育，珍惜生命”的德育理念，增強學生的社會榮譽感及愛國主義教育。通過本課閱讀教學，讓學生初步掌握“mind-mapping”學習策略，學會信息與圖像的轉換。閱讀技巧方面培養學生抓住關鍵詞，找出中心句，劃分段落層次，學會寫出總結（summary），提升學生綜合技能。 四、教學重點1)It is believed that on December 21st ,1891. the first basketball game in history was played. 2)Knocking into players and falling downing would be dangerous 五、 教學難點 divideinto separate from in history六、教學準備1.讓學生預習課文2. To know sth. about basketball 七、教學工具1.小黑板 2.錄音機 3.卡片 4.投影 5.VCD 八、教學過程 Pre-reading 1、Show the studying aims 1）掌握大課文中的一些單詞和短語。 2）理解一些重要句子。 3）了解籃球發展的歷史和受歡迎的程度。 4）讓學生用mind-map 來復述課文，怎樣用mind-map歸納出課文主要內容。Task1、 lead-in為了給學生爭取到更多的語言表達機會，培養了聽說技能，調動了學生參加語言學習活動的積極性，采用free talk形式進行warming up 熱身活動，以學生熟悉的籃球為話題，為籃球的歷史做鋪墊，幫助他們形成積極向上的情感及樹立學好英語的自信心。T: Do you often have sports?S: Yes.T: Which do you like best ?S: Basketball, volleyball, footballT: What is Yaoming ?S: He is a basketball player.T: OK. Thank you .T：What do you know about Yaoming?S : 由于學生在八年級英語課本中已了解有關Yaoming的簡歷，也是學生崇拜的偶像。故導入話題“ basketball”時，學生有濃厚的興趣。觀看課件，開始學習與籃球有關的單詞，basket metal hoop shoot backboard court shoot以及短語divideinto separate from in history；播放錄像，觀看NBA 片段，柏林奧運會開幕式錄像，創設真實的情境，導入的話題聯系實際生活，因而很快地激起了學生的表達欲望和學習熱情。每個學生都敢于參與，課堂氣氛非常活躍。迅速轉入本課的話題討論之中。以開放討論的形式設置以下問題：Have you ever played basketball? If yes, describe it . If not, please imagine what it will be like.設計這項活動的目的是為每個學生營造一種充分表達自己觀點和充分發揮想象力的民主、和諧的課堂教學氛圍，同時通過這種相互溝通的開放式討論，學生能間接獲取有關 basketball的一些信息，為正式閱讀做好了鋪墊。Task2.Show and imagine Show the Ss some pictures and ask them to say and imagine something about basketball . And say why.經過開放式討論，每個學生對basketball 活動 規則有了一定的了解。學生把頭腦中的想象和現實聯系起來，要求學生說出各個圖片在籃球比賽中的作用。經過開放討論后再把他們帶入到一種真實的學習情境中，他們感到非常的輕松，且有強烈的表達欲望。提問: What is the hoop used for ? 時，學生們很快能回答。接著問: Why is it so popular in the world ? 時,學生們也能正確作答。盡管這項活動在不到幾分鐘的時間內就完成了，但同學從中找到了一種完成任務的成就感，并在這種輕松、愉快的情境中體驗了自身發現和解決問題的歡樂，繼續提問：Do you want to learn more about basketball? 引導學生進入重要教學環節。While-reading Reading skills這部分所要達到的教學目的就是使學生整體了解課文內容，通過語篇教學來掌握課本知識，并通過完成課堂設置的有關課文中語言知識方面的一系列Task-based activities(任務驅動型活動)來體驗和運用語言。問題設置，自主探究，激活思維。根據學生實際水平，分層次，分階段設置問題，訓練和培養學生的閱讀速度和能力，進行課文整體教學，問題設置采用循序漸進的方式 。 Activity 1（fast reading）Read and answer the following questions.1.Write the “who” of the article _2. Write the “what” of the article _3. Write the “when” of the article _4 Write the “where” of the article _.Keys :1.Dr Naismith 2.basketball 3.in 1891 4.Canada Activity 2本課內容為籃球的發展演變過程，圍繞籃球在國際合作、交流中的重要性，樹立良好的情感態度和價值觀，作為閱讀開頭表達作業，設計如下5個問題：1.Do you dream of becoming famous basketball players?2.What is NBA?3.Why do so many people like basketball ?4.Why were Berlin Olympics important for basketball ?5.Who invented basketball ? Activity 3(careful reading)為了幫助學生回答這5 個問題，有繪出如下主要情節脈絡圖，讓學生小組討論、合作完成。 這樣，只用幾個問題，幾根線條，不多幾個單詞就使文章結構、人物關系印入學生腦海，留下深刻的印象。Post-reading Activity 1 拓展T:Please read again silently and complete the mind- map for five minutes .Then check the answer.T:Let us have a competition between the boys and the girls .say something about basketball. Activity 2聽說讀寫綜合技能訓練要求：1. With your partners you are to read and summarize each paragraph in this reading .First one student reads a paragraph to the other student. You can help each other out with the hard words. It is very important to listen carefully!2. The student that did not read the paragraph must write a one or two sentence summary of the paragraph .You can discuss the summary and help each other with the wording and the spelling .It is important to write the most important things. Remember, you are summarizing the paragraph.3. The student that summarized the first paragraph reads and the other student listens. Then the listener writes the summary .The group continues reading, taking turns reading and summarizing. Remember the teacher is looking for “just the facts .”Fill in work sheet below as your cooperative group completes the activity.Paragraph#1Summary_Paragraph#2Summary_Paragraph#3Summary_Paragraph#4Summary_Paragraph#5Summary_Paragraph1 : Basketball is enjoyed for fun and exercise.Paragraph2: Basketball has been played in parks, schools and factories in China. Paragraph3: Basketball was invented by a Canadian doctor named James Naismith .Parageaph4: Dr Naismith taught people how to play the new game.Paragraph5: The first basketball game in history was played on December 21st .1891.4. Working cooperatively, write a summary of all the paragraphs. Remember ,“just the facts”_ _5. If you could only use 20 words or less to summarize this reading ,what would you say? Write your summary below._以上設計遵循了“先學后教,當堂訓練”與任務型教學的新理念，學生們在這些活動中注意力非常集中，積極主動，他們不僅獲得相當的成就感，且在生動的應用活動中理解了所學的知識,并通過體驗和運用語言促進了語言知識、交際技能與情感體驗的銜接。點撥：教學重難點講解1）divideinto separatefrom Divideinto: form into smaller parts分成若干較小的部分，例如:The house was divided into flats.那房屋被割成數套房間。2) separate fromSeparatefrom:使分開分開，隔開，例如:（1）England is separated from France by the Channel.英國和法國被英吉利海峽隔開。（2）The land was separated into small fields.那塊地被分割為小塊田地。3)invent: to think of or make sth for the first ,or design sth that didnt exist before.發明. for exampleBell invented the telephone.4). discover : to find or learn sth that nobody knew or had before.發現，Who discovered America ? 5)It is believed that on December 21st ,1891. the first basketball game in history was played. 6)Knocking into players and falling downing would be dangerous5.Homework1. Learn the language points by yourself