初中英語現在完成時語法總復習一、 Topic:現在完成時二、lead in：一般現在時（經常性動作或狀態；客觀事實或真理）現在進行時（正在進行的動作或持續的狀態） 一般過去時（過去發生的，或過去經常性動作，回憶過去）過去進行時（過去正在發生的動作或狀態） 一般將來時（將來動作，將來經常性動作，打算或即將發生的動作/狀態）現在完成時：表示到說話時為止（或到現在為止）已經發生或完成了（不一定結束）的動作或狀態。強調過去發生或已經完成的動作對現在造成的影響或結果。三、presentation1.結構：主語+have/has+動詞過去分詞+其他 否定句： 一般疑問句及答語：2.用法： 表示過去發生或已經完成的某一動作對現在造成的影響或結果?？荚囍薪洺０殡S明顯的上下文提示。常用標志詞有already, yet, just, ever, never, before, so far等。I have already finished my homework, so I can enjoy my vacation now.I havent finished my homework yet.Have you finished your homework yet?【真題解析】1.(2016單選)We have worked so long. Shall we stop to have a rest?2.（2016選詞填空）All of us have passed the exam. How happy we are!3.(2015選詞填空)Where are you going on vacation this summer? - I havent planned it yet.already與yet的用法：already常用語肯定句中，在助動詞have/has之后；yet常用于疑問句、否定句中，句末位置。含already的陳述句變為疑問句或否定句時，already改為yet，放句末。 表示過去某一時間到現在期間反復發生的動作或多次動作的總和。常伴隨once, twice, three times, how many times? 等標志詞出現 e.g. I have seen this film for 6 times. Its so good that I want to see it again tomorrow.【真題解析】a.（2015單選） -How many times have Carl gone to the Great Wall?-Only once. A.does; go B.did; go C. has; gone D.has; been b.(2014單選) Betty can play the piece of music very well because she many times. A.practiced B.will practice C.is practicing D. has practicedc.The girl cant be Sarah. She has gone to the library.have been to V.S. have gone to表示過去已經開始，持續到現在的動作或狀態。此時常與“for 一段時間或“since過去的點時間或從句（從句用一般過去時）以及so far（到目前為止）等時間狀語連用，對for和since引導的時間狀語提問要用How longe.g. 1. How long has she been here?- Shes been at this school since five years ago2. I havent seen him for three years 注意：在這類句子的肯定句和疑問句中謂語動詞必須用延續性動詞。短暫性動詞由于動作不能持續，故不能與for或since引出的時間狀語連用。如連用，需把短暫性動詞轉換為延續性動詞，或轉化為be+形容詞/副詞/介詞/名詞等.(轉換表見講義末)。【真題解析】1.(2017填空)People in this city have planted lots of trees in the last few years.2.Shakes Peare for 400 years, but his works still have great influence today. A.died B. was dying C.has died D. has been dead四、practiceI. Fill in the blanks with the proper form.1. I_ already _ (see) the film. I _ (see) it last week.2. _ he _ (finish) his work today? Not yet.3. My father _ just _ (come) back from work. He is tired now.4. Wheres Li Ming ? He _ (go) to the teachers office.5. I _ (work) here since I _ (move) here in 1999.6. So far I _(make) quite a few friends here.7. How long _ the Wangs _(stay) here ? For two weeks.8. I _ just _ (finish) my homework.9. He _ (go) to school on foot every day.10._ you _ (find) your science book yet?11. If it _ (be) fine tomorrow, Ill go with you.12. The students _ (read) English when the teacher came in. 13. Look! The monkey _ (climb) the tree.14. My mother _ (come) to see me next Sunday.15. Ive lost my pen. _ you _ (see) it anywhere?III. Rewrite the sentences.1. I have been to Macau before. (改為否定句) I _ _ been to Macau before. 2. He hasnt come to school because he was ill. (就劃線部分提問) _ _ he come to school?3. I bough a new bike just now. (用just改寫) I_just_anewbike.4.WebegantolearnEnglishthreeyearsago.(改為同義句)We_English_threeyears5.Hehasneversurfed,_?（改成反意疑問句）6.Theyhavebeenheresince2000.(對劃線部分提問)_havetheybeenhere?7.Theoldman_lastyear.Hehas_forayear.(die)（動詞填空）8.MissGaoleftanhourago.(同義句轉換)MissGaohas_anhourago.五、production Make up your own sentences with present perfect tence六、附錄：延續性動詞轉換標Borrow-keepBuyhaveCatch a coldhave a coldPut on-wearGet to know-knowGet to sleep-sleepBegin/startbe onGo outbe outGet to/arrive in/reachbe (in)Diebe dea