Unit4 sharing本單元的話題是Sharing，主要涉及幫助弱者、志愿服務、合作分享等。通過聽、說、讀、寫等各種活動學習相關的語言知識，使學生了解世界上很多地方依然很落后，從而懂得同情，學會分享。了解一些志愿者工作的信息，培養學生互助合作的精神和社會責任感。結合針對短文話題的探討激發學生的國際意識，通過各種渠道力所能及地為貧困地區的孩子作出自己的貢獻。二課時劃分在對本單元的各部分材料進行分析、整合后，確定了以下六個階段： Period 1 Word StudyPeriod 2 Warming- up & Pre- readingPeriod 3 Reading & ComprehendingPeriod 4 GrammarPeriod 5 Using LanguagePeriod 6 Composition三教學目標1語言知識目標：(1)學生能夠正確讀寫及運用以下單詞：airmail；fortnight；roof；muddy；textbook；concept；weekly；relevant；remote；weed；rectangle；rectangular；adjust；platform；broom；tin；jar；sniff；participate；interpreter；grill；otherwise；privilege(2)學生掌握下列詞組的意思并能在句子中熟練運用：hear from；(be)dying to；the other day；dry out；dry up2語言技能目標：(1)強化略讀、查讀等閱讀技能，訓練通過尋找關鍵詞、主題句等方式更快速并準確地確定文章的段落大意，理清文章的總體框架與脈絡的技能。(2)繼續運用已經掌握的基本猜詞技巧猜測文章中的部分單詞。3語言能力目標：增強閱讀理解能力；發展借助圖片、表格等非語言信息進行語言輸出的能力。4情感態度與文化意識目標：(1)幫助學生理解志愿者工作的意義，培養學生在日常生活中幫助他人、扶貧救困的愛心。(2)在小組合作互動中，增強學生的團隊合作精神與分享意識。四重點難點1教學重點：a.獲取巴布亞新幾內亞獨立國各部落生活狀況和風俗習慣的信息；b閱讀能力的培養和閱讀技巧的訓練，如精讀課文完成表格填空等。2教學難點：a.理解作為志愿者工作的意義，從而樹立正確的價值觀；b訓練用英語獲取信息、處理信息、分析問題和解決問題的能力。五常用單詞和短語1. remote 遙遠的；偏僻的 2. fortnight 兩星期3. relevant 有關的，切題的 4. otherwise 否則，不然5. privilege 特權 6. arrangement 安排，陳列7. volunteer 自愿的，志愿的 8. purchase 買；購買9. anniversary 周年紀念日 10. security 安全，保護，保障11. hear from 接到來信 12. (be) dying to 極想；渴望13. the other day 不久前的一天 14. dry out 完全變干；干透15. up to 達到 16. come across偶然遇見17. stick out 伸出 18. stick to 堅持19. dry up 干涸 20. make a difference 有一定影響21. adapt 使適應；適合 22. comb梳；梳子23. share 分享 24. soft 柔軟的；低聲的四常用派生詞1. arrangement- arrange (v.)2. dying-_death (n.)- _die (v.)- _dead (adj.)3. relevant- _relevantly (adv.)4. adjust- _adjustment (n.)- _adjustable (adj.)5. soft- _softly (adv.) softness (n.)6. possession- possess (v.)7. belief- _believe (vt.)8. volunteer- voluntary (adj.)五重要句子 1. The other day I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling over everywhere!有一天，我正在給男孩子們做每周一次的化學實驗的演示，我還沒明白怎么回事，混合劑就到處冒泡了。2. Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students, most of whom will be going back to their villages after Year8 anyway.有時候，我真想知道化學對這些孩子究竟有多大的用處。他們中大多數學完八年級以后就會回到他們的村莊去。3. But last weekend another teacher, Jenny, and I did visit a remote village which is the home of one of the boys, Tombe.不過，上周末我和另外一位叫詹妮的教師真的去訪問了一個村莊，那是我的學生湯貝的家。4. Tombes father, Mukap, led us to his house, a low bamboo hut with grass sticking out of the roofthis shows it is a mans house.湯貝的父親叫莫卡普，他把我們帶到他的家里，這是一個低矮的竹屋，屋頂上伸出一簇茅草它表示這間竹屋是男人住的。5. We walked for two and a half hours to get therefirst up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below.我們走了兩個半小時才到了那里。先爬到了一座山的山頂，從那兒我們欣賞到了優美的風景，然后又沿著陡峭的山坡到了下面的山谷。6. To be honest, I doubt whether Im making any difference to these boys lives at all.說實在的，我懷疑我教的課是否能讓這些孩子的生活有所改變。Period 2Warming up & Pre- readingStep1 WarmingLead- inT: As we all know, a big earthquake attacked Wenchuan, Sichuan on May,12,2008. And it caused great damages to Wenchuan, do you know what people do for the people in the stricken area.Answer: There are many people who want to rush to help the people in the stricken area.Question:1Show the sign of United Nations Volunteer in China.標志寓意為中國青年志愿者向社會上所有需要幫助的人們奉獻一片愛心，伸出友愛之手，面向世界、奔向未來，伸出友愛之手，面向世界、奔向未來.2What does the word “volunteer” mean？In groups，discuss who can be called volunteers.(People who help others in their community or outside their community would be called volunteers. However，they would not be called volunteers if they help their parents，other relatives or friends.)設計說明通過中國青年志愿者的標志導入，因為標志中有一個手的圖形，提醒學生：志愿者常常伸出手幫助別人。然后分組討論“什么樣的人才被稱為志愿者”。經過討論，學生統一了認識，知道了志愿者是指幫助與自己沒有直接關聯的人.Step2 Pre-readingThere are many volunteers working in different mountainous areas or developing countries, among which Papua New Guinea (PNG) is one. What do you know about Papua New Guinea?巴布亞在馬來語中意為“卷發人”。16世紀中葉，葡萄牙人來到該島時，見當地居民和自然景觀很像非洲的幾內亞，故稱之為新幾內亞。 巴布亞新幾內亞國旗和國徽 (極樂鳥)Location: Situated to the north of AustraliaPopulation: About 5.7 millionLanguage: English as the official language. Pidgin English as the language for communicationEconomy: A poor country with most people living in tribal villages and depending on subsistence farming to make a living.Education: About 85% of children start school but only about 60% of these reach Year 5.Look at the photos on page 29 and 30, in groups, answer the questions.Photos 1 to 3 (Page29)1. What was Jos job in PNG?Answer: A teacher2. What kind of students were in her class?Answer: Teenage boys. They are poorly dressed.3. Describe the classroomAnswer: The classrooms are made with wooden poles and have bamboo walls and roofs (except for the new science lab which has a metal roof). The floor has bamboo matting on it. The walls do not reach the roofs (except the walls of the science lab). There is no glass in the windows.Photos 4 to 10 (Page 30)1. Jo took many photos of a visit to a students village. What can you say about the village?The village is very small and it is by a river at the bottom of a valley. It has steep slopes all around it.2. What can you say about the life in the village?The village huts are small. They have no windows. They are made of wood and bamboo and have grass roofs. Meals are prepared and cooked outside. One of the crops grown is peanuts. The tool used for this crop is a digging stick. There is a woman carrying a naked baby on her shoulders. She is also carrying a heavy-looking bag. She has bare feet.Period 3 ReadingLead-in: If you have a chance to be a volunteer, where will you go and what will you, do? Maybe you are willing to be a doctor or a nurse to help the people who are injured, and maybe you prefer to be a worker employed to do social work. Today, were going to learn a text about how a woman to be a teacher volunteered to do work in Papua New Guinea (PNG).Step 1: Fast readingScan the text and then choose the best answer according to the text.1. _ is a young Australian woman.2. _ was dying to hear all about Jos life in Papua New Guinea.3. _ walked a long way to get to the school.4. _ didnt have any textbooks.5. _ became a lot more imaginative when teaching.6. _ started jumping out the windows during a chemistry experiment.7. _ visited a village that was the home of one of the boys, Tombe.8. _ started crying “ieee ieee” to welcome them9. _ led us to a low bamboo hut.10. _ was going to share the platform with Jenny and Jo.11. _ softly talked to each other in their language Jo didnt understand.Answer: 1.Jo; 2.Rosemary; 3.the boys and Jo; 4.the boys and Jo; 5.Jo; 6.the boys; 7. Jenny and Jo; 8. Kiak; 9.Mucap; 10.Kiak; 11.Tombes familyStep 2: Second reading一Read the text and then choose the best answer according to the text.1. The purpose that the author wrote the letter is that_. A. she wanted to tell Rosemary her teaching life in the high school. B. she wanted to tell Rosemary her learning life in the high school. C. she wanted to tell Rosemary that she couldnt get any money by teaching the poor students. D. she wanted to tell Rosemary how happy she was in the small village.2. In a chemistry experiment the boys jumped out of the windows because they _. A. were frightened by the bubbling mixture. B. couldnt stand the terrible smell of the mixture. C. didnt like doing chemistry experiments. D. knew chemistry was not relevant to them3. Why does Jo wonder how relevant chemistry is to the kids? A. Because she thinks chemistry is too difficult to learn. B. Because she thinks chemistry may make little difference to the kids life. C. Because the kids there hardly come across anything of chemistry. D. Because she thinks chemistry useless.4. Why did Tombe throw out the tin can? A. Because he believed the can attracted evil spirits. B. Because he believed any leftovers attracted evil spirits. C. Because he believed the can has no use at all. D. Because he believed the grill attracted evil spirits.5. What can we learn about the school? A. It is located in a bush. B. Its buildings are round. C. It is very dark inside. D. It is far from all the students home.Answers: A, A, B, B, D二The visit to Tombes HomeMaterials of the houseIt is made of_Looks of a mans houseThe house is a _ with _. Sleeping arrangementJenny and I sleep on_.PossessionsI can only see a few _.DietWe eat _, _ and greens.Answers: bamboo; low bamboo hut; grass sticking out of the roof; a newly made platform; tin plates and cups a couple of pots; sweet bamboo; corn.三Read the text and write down the main idea of the text.The text is a letter written by Jo, a young volunteer who teaches in a(n) _ school in a poor mountains village. She writes of her experiences as a teacher and her _ to the village where one of her students lives.Answers: high; visitStep3. SummaryDear Rosemary,Thanks for your letter. It was wonderful to hear 1._ you. As youre 2._ to hear all about my life here, Ill talk about it now.It 3. _ me a few minutes to walk to my high school, where theres no electricity or water and even no 4._. Its hard to 5._ to these conditions. I have difficulty in teaching these boys science without any equipment. I even doubt whether Im making any 6. _ to their lives.Its quite 7. _ for me to visit local people and get to know them, because I dont understand their dialect. But once I, together with another teacher, visited a village where Tombe, one of the boys lived. The boys hut was dark with 8._ windows and a narrow doorway. The family had few possessions, but they led a happy life. Although I couldnt 9._ in their conversation, I loved listening to their soft talk in their language. People there have the habit of drying 10. _ the leftover food.We left the village the next morning and felt happy about this experience.Please write soon.LoveJoAnswers: 1. from; 2.dying; 3.takes; 4.textbooks; 5. adapt/ adjust 6. difference7. difficult 8. no 9. Participate 10. outStep 4 DiscussionWhat do you think are the positive and negative things about living in a village in Papua New Guinea?Positive aspectsNegative aspects1.Boy value education1. No running water or electricity2. Everyone would know each other2. The village might be cut off from the outside world.3. The village does not have to rely on outside sources for food.3 The village might not have a school so students might have to walk along way to the closest school.4. People can live without many possession4. There might not be any medical service close by.Step 5 Language Points1. relevant adj. 有關的，切題的(教材原句P29) Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students, most of whom will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway.有時候我真想知道，化學對這些孩子空間有多大的用處，他們中大部分人學完八年級還要回到他們的村莊去。Once we have got relevant information, we will inform you.一旦得到相關的信息，我們會通知你的。What you say is not relevant to the matter in hand.你所說的于目前這事無關。思維擴展：relevantly adv.有關地，切題地irrelevant adj.無關的，不切題的be related to / be connected with 和有關2. adjust vt. & vi.(1) 適應，習慣adjust to (doing) sth.適應于（做）某事adjust oneself to 使自己適應于（教材原句P30）The hut was dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust.小屋內很黑，因此我們的眼睛過了好一陣才適應過來。 We must adjust ourselves to the new life as soon as possible.我們必須盡快適應新生活。 It took her a while to adjust to living alone.她過了一段時間才適應獨自生活。(2)調整，調節 I must adjust my watch; its fast.我的表快了，我得把它校準。即境活用：He spent a few weeks _ himself to his new school life, which was quite different from his former one.A. returning B. adjusting C. contributing D. sticking3. participate vi.參與；參加participate with sb. in sth. 與某人分擔participate in 參加(教材原句P30)I loved listening to the family softly talking to each other in their language, even though I could not participate in the conversation.我喜歡聽他們家人細聲地用自己的語言交談，盡管我不能參加談話。We encourage students to participate fully in the running of the college.我們鼓勵學生全面參與學院的運作。She participate with her friend in his sufferings.她分擔朋友的痛苦。思維擴展：Participant n.參與者，共享者participation n.參與；參加即境活用：1. After he _ the golf club, he _ a number of competitions and won a lot of medals. (D)A. took part in; took part in B. joined; joinedC. joined; joined in D. joined; took part in2. Mr. Zhang is the best music teacher in our school, but he hurt his left foot and cant _ tomorrows concert. (D)A. take part B. play a part inC. participate D. participate in4.up to 的一詞多義（原句）Most of them have walked a long way, sometimes up to two hours, to get to school.他們當中很多人走了很長一段路，有時多達兩個小時，才能到達學校。be up to sth.= be busy doing sth. 忙于/從事某事Its up to sb. to do sth. 由某人負責做某事。be up to= be fit for 勝任（常用于否定句和疑問句中）Its (all) up to you. 由你決定up to= up till (until)直到up to now= so far到目前為止up to date 最新的，現代的up to the minute 最新的，最近的5. come across 的法及含come的詞組小結(原句)The boys who had never come across anything like this before started jumping out of the windows.男孩們從未見過這種情況，（嚇得）都往窗外跳去。come across sb./ sth. 偶然發現或遇見某人/某物.拓展：含come的詞組小結：come about 發生 come true變成現實 come back回想起come down 下來，落 come out 開放，出現；（結果）被證明是 come from 來自，出生于 come on來吧，趕快 come to 蘇醒 come up with 提出，想出 come off 脫落 come into being形成come to light顯露6. 常用句型：（原句）It took me only a few minutes to walk to school. 我只要步行幾分鐘就到學校了。（用法）It takes (sb.)some time to do 花費某人時間做某事It took him tem minutes to solve this math problem.他用了十分鐘的時間解決這道數學題It takes many hands, patience and industry to do the work.做這項工作需要很多的人手、耐心和勤奮。（注意）這個句型也可以用人稱代詞作主語，即 sb. takes some time to do sth.某人花費時間做某事。7. make a difference 的用法（原句）To be honest, I doubt whether Im making any difference to these boys lives at all.說實話，我在懷疑我是否給這些男孩子們的生活帶來什么不同。（用法）make a / no/ somedifference to sb.對有/ 沒有/ 有一些影響 It wont make any difference whether you go today or tomorrow.你是今天去還是明天去沒有差別。What difference will it make if he knows or not?他知不知道有什么不同？（拓展1）(1) Whats the difference between and ?和 之間有何區別？ (2) tell the difference 分辨出差別 (3) tell from 把和 區別開（拓展2）different 不同的 be different from 和不一樣 different approaches to teaching 不同的教學方法8. dry out 與 dry up 的用法（原句1）Tombe told me that the can was heated to dry out the leftover food.湯比告訴我那個罐子被加熱后用來使吃剩的食物干透。（原句2）They believe that any leftovers attract evil spirits in the night so the food is dried up in the can and the can is then thrown out of the hut.他們相信剩飯會在夜晚引來邪靈，所以要把食物放在罐里烘干，再把罐子扔到屋外去。dry out （使）干透；（使）戒酒 dry up（河流、井水等）干涸；風干9. privilege的用法（原句）It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombes family.同湯比的一家共度一天是一項很大的特權。（用法）privilege n.It Is a privilege to do sth. 做某事是一種殊榮have the privilege to do/ of doing sth.= have the right to do sth. 有特權（權力）干某事10. hear from收到的來信.（教材原句P29）It was wonderful to hear from you.收到你的來信真是太高興了。例：They are looking forward to hearing from their parents. 他們正盼望著收到父母的來信。思維擴展：hear about 聽到關于的消息hear of 聽說，聽到hear sb. do sth. 聽見某人做了某事hear sb. doing sth. 聽見某人正在做了某事hear that聽說-When did you last hear _ Jay? (A)-He phoned me this morning, and we agreed _ a time and place to meet. A. of; to B. about; with C. from; with D. from; on11. be dying to do sth.極想（渴望）做某事（教材原句P29）I know youre dying to hear all about my life here.我知道你急于了解我在這里的生活情況。思維拓展：(1) be dying for sth.She was dying for a holiday to relax herself. 她非常渴望一個假期來放松一下自己。(2)long/ be eager/ be anxious to do sth.渴望得到某事Long/ be eager/ be anxious for sth.渴望做某事He longs to go to visit the Expo.他渴望去參觀世博。12. the other day 不久前的一天（教材原句P29）The other day I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling over everywhere.有一天，我正給孩子們做化學實驗的演示，我還沒有明白怎么回事，混合劑就到處冒氣泡了！比較網站：辨析：the other day, one day 與some day短語意義用法the other day不久前的一天用于一般過去時one day某一天既可指過去的某一天，又可指將來的某一天some day將來的某一天用于一般將來時 The other day, I met an old friend in the street.前幾天，我在街上遇到了一位老朋友。 One day I met him in the supermarket.有一天我在超市遇見了他。Some day you will be sorry about it.總有一天你會為這件事感到后悔的。句式仿寫Later, I noticed a tin can standing upside down on the grill over the fire.后來我發現有一個錫罐子倒放在火爐的烤架上。此句中的noticed a tin can 是一個動詞后接復合賓語的結構。其中的賓語是a tin can，standing作賓語補足語。（句式仿寫）他離開的時候你發現了嗎？Did you notice him leaving?I know youre dying to hear all about my life here. 我知道你們迫切想聽到我這里生活的一切情況。 be dying to do sth./ for sth. 迫切想要做某事；渴望做某事 （句式仿寫）杰瑞渴望成為一名警察。 Jerry is dying to be a policeman.Many of them have walked a long way, sometimes up to two hours, to get to school.他們走了很長的路，有時要兩個小時的路來上學。此處up to 表示“多達；作為最大數量”。（句式仿寫）這個小孩慢慢數到200. The child can count up to 200.It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombes family.同湯貝一家度過一天是一種榮耀。 It was such a privilege to do 是一種殊榮（句式仿寫）能認識他真榮