陸娟娟的英語教學設計M5U3 Science and nature Grammar and usageTeachingaims:1.Learntheusageofverb-edformandverb-edphrases2.Learnthedifferenceandusageofverb-ingandverb-edasadjectivesTeachingpoints:1.Learnverb-edformasattribute,predictiveandobjectcomplement.2.Learnverb-edphrasesexpressingthetime,thereasonandthecondition.Teachingprocedures:Step1.動詞ed形式即過去分詞可與be連用，構成被動語態或系表結構；也可與助動詞have連用，構成完成時；此外，V-ed分詞具有形容詞和副詞性質，在句中可充當定語、表語、賓語補語、狀語。1作定語過去分詞作定語，表示已經完成的被動的動作或狀態，但不及物動詞構成的過去分詞只表示完成，而不表示被動意義。例如：完成+被動：apollutedriveralocked rooma well-educatedman只有完成：aretiredworkerafallenleafboiledwater作定語的V-ed分詞也有前置和后置兩種情況。單個過去分詞作定語，常常位于被修飾的名詞前；而過去分詞短語作定語時，常常位于被修飾的名詞后面，相當于一個定語從句。Eg.1).Youshouldimproveyourspoken(speak)English.2).Whatsthelanguagespoken(speak)inthatarea?=Whatsthelanguagewhich/thatisspoken(speak)inthatarea?3).Thefiremenweretryingtorescuethepeopletrappedinthefire.=Thefiremenweretryingtorescuethepeoplewhowastrappedinthefire.4).Themeeting, attendedbyonethousandstudents,wasasuccess.=Themeeting,whichwasattendedbyonethousandstudents,wasasuccess.2作表語作表語的V-ed分詞大多轉化成為形容詞，通常用于聯系動詞之后（例如be,seem,appear,look,sound,feel,remain,stay,become,get等），表示主語所處的狀態Eg1).Edisonbecameinterested(interest)insciencewhenhewasveryyoung.2).Shelooksveryexcited(excite)atthenews.3).WhenIwascleaningthewindow,myfingergotcut(cut)unexpectedly.3作賓語補足語如果賓語與后面作賓補的動詞構成被動關系，則使用V-ed分詞作賓補。可以帶V-ed分詞作賓補的詞有：with,see,watch,observe,notice,lookat,hear,listento,feel,sense,find,leave,keep,get,have,make.1).Ihadmymoneystolen(steal)onthebus.2).AsheknowslittleEnglish,hefindsitdifficulttomakehimselfunderstood(understand).3).Inthemorning,peoplewokeupandfoundtheworldoutsidetheirhousescompletelychanged(change).4作狀語 作狀語的V-ed分詞與主句之間常有逗號隔開,在句中可表示時間,原因,條件,讓步,伴隨等情況,并可轉化為相應的狀語從句。作狀語的V-ed和主句的主語常有被動關系。1) 時間狀語 Seen from space, the earth looks blue. = When the earth is seen from space, it looks blue. Asked what had happened, he lowered his head. = When he was asked what had happened, he lowered his head. 2) 原因狀語 Born into a poor family, he had only two years of schooling. =As he was born into a poor family, he had only two years of schooling. Moved by the story, they decided to help her. =Because they were moved by the story, they decided to help her. 3)條件狀語 Given more time, we are sure to finish it. =If we are given more time, we are sure to finish it. Compared with other professors, she is an excellent speaker.=If she is compared with other professors, she is an excellent speaker. 4)讓步狀語 Laughed at by everybody, he had my sympathy. =Though he was laughed at by everybody, he had my sympathy. Defeated by his opponent, he still is a hero in my heart = Even though he was defeated by his opponent, he still is a hero in my heart. 5)伴隨狀語 The boy sat at the table buried in his homework. = The boy sat at the table and he was buried in his homework. The girl lay in bed lost in thought. = The girl lay in bed and she was lost in thought.I will spend the night locked(lock) in your room. She left the restaurant, disappointed (disappoint) with the bad service.Step 2.1.過去分詞作狀語時，它的邏輯主語為句子的主語，且與邏輯主語之間為被動關系。Whenaskedwhyhecamehere,theboykeptsilent.當那男孩被問到為何來這里時他沉默不語。Bornandbroughtupinthecountryside,hewasinterestedinbiology.由于在農村出生并長大，他對生物很感興趣。2.現在分詞與過去分詞的區別(1)語態上的不同現在分詞表示主動的意思，而過去分詞多數由及物動詞變來，表示被動的意思。Iheardsomeoneopeningthedoor.我聽見有人在開門。Iheardthedooropened.我聽見門開了。（2）個別的過去分詞（多數是一些不及物動詞）并不表示被動而表示完成的意思。fallenleaves落葉theexplodedbomb爆炸了的炸彈departedfriends離去的朋友(3)時間關系上不同現在分詞所表示的動作通常正在進行，而過去分詞所表示的動作往往已經完成。boilingwater正在沸騰的水boiledwater已經煮沸了的水developingcountry發展中國家developedcountry發達國家thefallingleaves正在飄落的葉子thefallenleaves落葉（已經落在地上）(4)作表語時，過去分詞通常表示主語所處的狀態或感受，而現在分詞作表語多表示主語所具有的特征Hearingthenews,wefeltverysurprised.聽到這個消息，我們感到非常驚訝。Thenewsisverysurprising.這個消息很令人驚訝。英語中此類詞還有如下：amusing,amused;disappointing,disappointed;exciting,excited;puzzling,puzzled;satisfying,satisfied;pleasing,pleased;interesting,interested;tiring,tired;worrying,worried;astonishing,astonished;encouraging,encouraged.3.非謂語動詞的被動式作定語的3種形式。thebridgetobebuilt將要建造的橋（表示將來的動作）thebridgebeingbuilt正在建造的橋（表示被動及正在進行的動作）thebridgebuilt建好的橋（表示被動及完成的動作）Step 3 Homework一、單項填空 1. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _the next year. Acarry out Bcarrying out Ccarried out Dto carry out2. As we joined the big crowd I got _from my friends. A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed 3. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when_ at the meeting by my boss. A. questioning B. have questioned C. questioned D. to be questioned 4. You should understand the traffic rule by now. Youve had it_ often enough. A. explaining B. to explain C. explain D. explained 5. The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it. Abegins Bhaving begun Cbeginning Dbegun 6._in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the police. A. Having been lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing 7. _ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed 8. I sat before the desk until after mid-night, _ in writing. A. being absorbed B. absorbed C. to be absorbed D. absorbing 9. Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents_. A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry 10. _with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared 11. _ into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. A. Put B. Putting C. Having been put D. Being put 12._by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm. AAttracting BAttracted CTo be attracted DHaving attracted 13. When first_ to the market, these products enjoyed great success A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced 14. _ and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize. A. Surprising B. Surprised C. Being surprised D. To be surprising 15. Is this the watch you wish _? A. to have repaired B. to repa