2018學年度人教版選修8unit2cloning period3learningaboutlanguage discoveringusefulwordsandexpressions 1completethesentencesusingsuitablewordsfromthetext thefirstletterofeachwordhasbeengiven 1 inmanyaspectsnaturalclones suchasidenticaltwins donotd greatlyfromman madeones 2 hewasc downwhentheprocedurehehadusedtoproduceamammalcloneendedinfailure 3 dustwilla inadesertedhouse 4 hermemoryissoexcellentthatshecouldrememberthee names iffer ast ccumulate xact 5 shewasnota pleasedatthecorrectionshemadetoherwork 6 greydecidedtomovetothecountrysideandhiswifemadenoo toit 7 accordingtotheconstitution itiscompulsoryforacitizentou militaryservice 8 themediahasam responsibilitytoreportnewstruthfully ltogether bjections ndertake oral 2replacetheunderlinedpartswithwordsthathavethesamemeaning rewritethesentencewhennecessary 1 comparedwithherfamily andespeciallyhernephew herniecedaisyisveryhonestaboutheropinions straightforward 2 thedecisionsoftheconservativefactoryleadersthathadbeenmadewithoutanyreasoncausedangeramongtheworkers thearbitrarydecisionsofthefactoryleaderscausedangeramongtheworkers arbitrary 3 istheoperahouseinthebusinessareaofbeijing 4 theproducerofthemediaprogrammedisagreedwithjenniferjoininginthechorus commercial madeanobjectionto 5 beforeyoucanmakealoaf youneedtogetsomeflour 6 youowetheladyanapology iwillnotallowyoutoleaveunlessyouapologizeforwhatyouhavedone obtain willforbid 3completethepassageusingthecorrectformofthewordsbelow complicatedfateattaincastaccumulatereformcarrier asfreddythefroggrewolder heonlyhadoneambitionleftto tocontinuehiscareerforever todothishethoughtthathewouldhavetoclonehimself thedoctorexplainedthatthiswasa procedurethatheshouldconsidercarefully shortlyafterfreddydidsomeresearch hediscoveredthe ofdollythesheep itseemedasif attain complicated fate aclonewasa ofmoreweaknessesthanitsoriginal freddywas downandlookedforsomewayto thecloningproceduretoavoidthisproblem sadlythisseemedimpossible sofreddymadeuphismindtoenjoyhissingingandto asmanyhappyexperiencesashecouldsothatwhenheretiredhewouldbeabletolookbackonhislifewithsatisfaction carrier accumulate cast reform beboundto注定 有義務做明天天氣一定會變好 theweatherisboundtogetbettertomorrow 我覺得有必要對你說 你酒喝得太多了 ifeelboundtotellyouthatyouaredrinkingtoomuch explanation 語法講解 1 同位語theappositive同位語是句子成分的一種 它位于名詞 代詞后面 說明它們的性質和情況 它可以由名詞 代詞 名詞性短語或從句充當 同位語的表現(xiàn)形式有以下幾種 1 名詞tom ourmonitor isahandsomeboy 2 代詞imyselfwilldotheexperiment 3 數(shù)詞sheistheoldestamongthemsix 4 從句hetoldmethenewsthattheplanehadexploded 他告訴我飛機爆炸的消息 5 由suchas thatis引導somesubjects suchasmathsandphysics areverydifficulttolearn 某些學科 例如數(shù)學和物理 是很難學的 6 由of引導thecityofbeijinghasbeengreatlychangedsince2000 自從2000年以來 北京市發(fā)生了很大的變化 7 由or引導thefreezingtemperature orfreezingpoint isthetemperatureatwhichwaterfreezesunderordinarypressure 結冰溫度即冰點 是水在常壓下結冰時的溫度 一 指出下例句子劃線部分是什么句子成份 thereisgoingtobeachinesefilmtonight 2 sheistoleaveforshanghaitomorrow 3 herwishistobecomeateacher 練習 一 表語 謂語 表語 4 he mybrother managedtofinishtheworkintime 5 tomcametoaskmeforadvice 6 wefounditimportanttolearnenglish 7 doyouhaveanythingelsetowash 同位語 狀語 形式賓語 定語 8 tobehonest yourwritingisn tsogood 9 wouldyoupleasetellmeyourname 10 theynoticedamanentertheroom 間接賓語 直接賓語 賓語補足語 插入語 myperformanceinthedrivingtestdidn treachtherequiredstandard ifailed a intheendb afterallc inotherwordsd atthesametime2 meetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment iwillalwaystreasure nmet2002 a thatb onec itd what 二 單項填空 c b 2 同位語從句theappositiveclause 1 同位語從句的定義在復合句中用作同位語的從句稱為同位語從句 同位語從句是名詞性從句的一種 它在句中起同位語的作用 它一般放在fact news idea truth hope problem information belief thought doubt promise question等名詞的后面 對前面的名詞作進一步的解釋 說明前面名詞的具體含義 引導同位語從句的詞有連詞that 連接副詞how when where whether what等 e g thehopethathemayrecoverisnotgoneyet theproblemwhetherweshouldcontinuetodotheexperimenthasbeensolved ihavenoideawhenhewillcomeback 同位語從句有時被別的詞把它和名詞隔開 注意 thestorygoesthatwilliamtellkilledthekingwithanarrow wordcamethattheirteamhadwon 同位語從句的表現(xiàn)形式 由that引導thefactthatyouhaven tenoughtimetodotheworkissimplyunbelievable thehopethathemaycomehereisnotgoneyet thenewsthathehasbeenelectedpresidentoftheunitedstatesistrue thetruththatheavyobjectsandlightobjectsfallatthesamespeedisknowntoall theproblemthatshelaterdevelopedaseriouslungdiseasebotheredscientists 由whether引導thequestionwhetherweneedmoretimetodotheworkhasnotbeendiscussed 由when引導ihavenoideawhentheywillgo 有時可用namely 即 thatistosay 也就是說 inotherwords 換句話說 thatis 那就是 forexample等引出同位語 說明其前面的名詞或代詞 有時同位語直接跟在名詞或代詞的后面 hetoldusthegoodnews namely themuseumisopentoall thereisonlyonewayofimprovingyourenglish thatis topracticemore altogetherdollyhadlivedforsixyears halfthelengthofthelifeoftheoriginalsheep 同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別 同位語從句與定語從句在使用中常?；煜?我們可以從以下幾個方面區(qū)別它們 同位語從句說明的名詞大都是抽象名詞 定語從句所修飾 限定的名詞或代詞有抽象的也有不抽象的 weexpressthehopethattheywillcometovisitchinaagain 同位語從句 thosewhowanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere 定語從句 同位語從句所說明的名詞與從句沒有邏輯關系 定語從句所限定的名詞是從句邏輯上的主語 賓語 表語 定語 狀語等 thenewsthattheywonthematchistrue 同位語從句 news和從句沒有邏輯關系 thenewsthatyoutoldusyesterdayistrue 定語從句 news是told的邏輯賓語 theorderwhenweshouldgobackhasn treachedus 同位語從句 order和從句沒有邏輯關系 thedaywhennewchinawasfoundedwillneverbeforgotten 定語從句 day是founded的邏輯狀語 同位語從句主要由連接詞that引導 有時也可用when where who whether等引導 定語從句由關系代詞或關系副詞引導 thenheraisedthequestionwheretheyweretogetthemachineneeded 同 doyouknowtheplacewherehewasborn 定 同位語從句與先行詞一般可變成一個完整句子 謂語動詞用be的不同形式 heheardthenewsthattheirteamhadwon 此句可以變?yōu)橐粋€表語從句 thenewswasthattheirteamhadwon 從引導詞來看 引導詞that在同位語從句中是連詞 只起連接作用 無具體詞義 that不可省略 that在定語從句中是關系代詞 它在從句中充當一定成分 主語或賓語 有具體詞義 作賓語時還可以省略 例如 a thefactory wevisitedyesterdayisachemicalone b thenews hewillleaveforshanghaiistrue that that 定語從句 同位語從句 1 twofifthsofallgirlsinamericaareonadiet thefactworriestheirparentsandteachersalot thefactthattwofifthsofallgirlsinamericaareonadietworriestheirparentsandteachersalot 把下面兩個句子連成一個含同位語從句的復合句 2 thequeenofenglandwasonafour dayvisitinchina weheardthenewslastnight weheardthenewslastnightthatthequeenofenglandwasonafour dayvisitinchina 3 teenagersshouldn tspendtoomuchtimeonline manychineseparentsholdtheview manychineseparentsholdtheviewthatteenagersshouldn tspendtoomuchtimeonline 4 timetravelispossible wehavenoscientificprooffortheidea wehavenoscientificprooffortheideathattimetravelispossible 5 studentsshouldbegivenmorefreetime thesuggestioniswelcomedbymanypeople thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetimeiswelcomedbymanypeople 1 wedon tthinkyoutwohavemetbefore 我們想你們兩位以前沒有見過面 賓語從句 2 itiscertainthatjohnwilldowellinhisexam 約翰肯定會考好 主語從句 翻譯句子 并說明這個名詞性從句的作用 3 whethertheyarecomingornotdon tmattertoomuch 他們來不來無關緊要 主語從句 4 nowiswhenweneedhimmost 現(xiàn)在是我們最需要他的時候 表語從句 5 ihavenoideahowshegotthroughtheforest 我不知道她是如何穿過那個森林的 同位語從句 6 thefactthattheywontheprizemadeushappy 他們獲獎的事實令我們高興 同位語從句 1 ican tdecide bookishouldbuy 2 chinaisnolonger itusedtobe 3 iamveryinterestedin heimprovedhisenglishinsuchashorttime 4 weneedismoremoney 5 thetruth theearthturnsaroundthesunisknowntous 6 and wewillmeethasnotbeendecidedyet which what how what 用適當?shù)倪B接代詞或連接副詞填空 that when where 1 thenews 她通過了高考 isexciting 2 mikemadeapromise 他將幫助我學習英語 thatshehaspassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination thathewouldhelpmewithmyenglish 用名詞性從句完成下列句子 thefactthatgreatbritainismadeupthreecountriesisknowntous 2 thecontinentthatconsistsoftwocountriesisdevelopingveryfast 同位語從句 定語從句 指出劃線部分是什么從句 3 thenewsthattheplanewilltakeoffontimemakeseverybodyhappy 4 thenewsthatisspreadingaroundthecountryisthataheavystormiscoming 5 thesuggestionthatweshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering 同位語從句 定語從句 表語從句 同位語從句 oneofthemheldtheview thebooksaidwasright a whatthatb thatwhatc thatd whether2 thereason hehastogois hismotherisillinbed a why whyb why becausec why thatd that because 單項選擇 b c 3 theyreceivedorders theworkbedonerightaway a whichb thatc d when4 ihavenoidea a howtodob whenshallwestartoutforthetripc whathashappenedtomywifed howmuchhavetheyearned b c 5 ithink certainthatshewilldowellinherexam a thatb thisisc itd what s6 thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar awayvillage a untilb thatc whend where c c 7 he sgothimselfintoadangeroussituation hewaslikelytolosecontrolovertheplane a whereb whichc whatd why8 that stheonlything hecandonow a whichb allc thatd what a c 9 informationhasbeenputforward moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities a whileb thatc whend as10 alongwiththeletterwashispromise hewouldvisitmethiscomingchristmas a whichb thatc whatd whether b b 11 hiscentralideais thelosersdonotwritehistory a xb becausec thatd whether12 tomorrowistom sbirthday haveyougotanyidea thepartyistobeheld a whatb whichc thatd where c d 13 thereisaruleinourschool nooneispermittedtosmoke a whereb whichc thatd what14 hedidn tknowwhichroom a theylivedb theylivedinc didtheylived didtheylivein c b 15 weshouldstickto istrue a whichb thatc anythingwhichd whatever16 youwillfindnomistake i vewritten a whatb inwhatc withwhatd that b d 1 thefact heusedtobeathiefisknowntoall 2 weweresurprisedbythefact shetoldus 3 thenextthing mustbedoneistomakeaplan that 同 that which 定 that 定 填入適當?shù)倪B接詞 并判斷是定語從句還是同位語從句 4 wordcame ourarmyhadwonthebattle 5 thepresidenthasgivenanordereveryoneinthecountryshouldprepareforawar mightlastforseveralyears 6 we vejustheardawarningontheradio ahurricaneislikelytocome that 同 that 同 that 同 7 thereisnodoubt hehastoldalie 8 youhavenoidea anxiousiwas 9 thecoatisintheplace youleftit 10 thenarosethequestionabout weweretogetthemachinesneeded where 定 where 定 that 同 how 同 1 thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecars roadconditionsneed 2009年山西 a that tobeimprovedb which tobeimprovedc where improvingd when improving a 解析 that引導同位語從句說明 新問題 的內容 need后既可接動名詞的主動式 也可接動詞不定式的被動式作賓語 高考鏈接 答案b 這是一個同位語從句 解釋promise的具體內容 要用that引導 2 alongwiththeletterwashispromise hewouldvisitmethiscomingchristmas 2010春季上海 a whichb th