黑馬旅游網綜合案例1 前言為了鞏固web基礎知識，提升綜合運用能力，故而講解此案例。要求，每位同學能夠獨立完成此案例。2 項目導入點擊綠色按鈕選擇travel項目的pom.xml文件，點擊ok，完成項目導入。需要等待一小會，項目初始化完成。3 啟動項目3.1 方式一：3.2 方式二：配置maven快捷啟動4 技術選型4.1 Web層a) Servlet：前端控制器b) html：視圖c) Filter：過濾器d) BeanUtils：數據封裝e) Jackson：json序列化工具4.2 Service層f) Javamail：java發送郵件工具g) Redis：nosql內存數據庫h) Jedis：java的redis客戶端4.3 Dao層i) Mysql：數據庫j) Druid：數據庫連接池k) JdbcTemplate：jdbc的工具5 創建數據庫- 創建數據庫CREATE DATABASE travel;- 使用數據庫USE travel;-創建表復制提供好的sql6 注冊功能6.1 頁面效果6.2 功能分析6.3 代碼實現6.3.1 前臺代碼實現6.3.2 表單校驗提升用戶體驗，并減輕服務器壓力。/校驗用戶名/單詞字符，長度8到20位function checkUsername() /1.獲取用戶名值 var username = $(#username).val(); /2.定義正則 var reg_username = /w8,20$/; /3.判斷，給出提示信息 var flag = reg_username.test(username); if(flag) /用戶名合法 $(#username).css(border,); else /用戶名非法,加一個紅色邊框 $(#username).css(border,1px solid red); return flag; /校驗密碼 function checkPassword() /1.獲取密碼值 var password = $(#password).val(); /2.定義正則 var reg_password = /w8,20$/; /3.判斷，給出提示信息 var flag = reg_password.test(password); if(flag) /密碼合法 $(#password).css(border,); else /密碼非法,加一個紅色邊框 $(#password).css(border,1px solid red); return flag; /校驗郵箱function checkEmail() /1.獲取郵箱 var email = $(#email).val(); /2.定義正則 var reg_email = /w+w+.w+$/; /3.判斷 var flag = reg_email.test(email); if(flag) $(#email).css(border,); else $(#email).css(border,1px solid red); return flag;$(function () /當表單提交時，調用所有的校驗方法 $(#registerForm).submit(function() return checkUsername() & checkPassword() & checkEmail(); /如果這個方法沒有返回值，或者返回為true，則表單提交，如果返回為false，則表單不提交 ); /當某一個組件失去焦點是，調用對應的校驗方法 $(#username).blur(checkUsername); $(#password).blur(checkPassword); $(#email).blur(checkEmail); );6.3.3 異步(ajax)提交表單在此使用異步提交表單是為了獲取服務器響應的數據。因為我們前臺使用的是html作為視圖層，不能夠直接從servlet相關的域對象獲取值，只能通過ajax獲取響應數據6.3.4 后臺代碼實現6.3.5 編寫RegistUserServletWebServlet(/registUserServlet)public class RegistUserServlet extends HttpServlet protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException /驗證校驗 String check = request.getParameter(check); /從sesion中獲取驗證碼 HttpSession session = request.getSession(); String checkcode_server = (String) session.getAttribute(CHECKCODE_SERVER); session.removeAttribute(CHECKCODE_SERVER);/為了保證驗證碼只能使用一次 /比較 if(checkcode_server = null | !checkcode_server.equalsIgnoreCase(check) /驗證碼錯誤 ResultInfo info = new ResultInfo(); /注冊失敗 info.setFlag(false); info.setErrorMsg(驗證碼錯誤); /將info對象序列化為json ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(); String json = mapper.writeValueAsString(info); response.setContentType(application/json;charset=utf-8); response.getWriter().write(json); return; /1.獲取數據 Map map = request.getParameterMap(); /2.封裝對象 User user = new User(); try BeanUtils.populate(user,map); catch (IllegalAccessException e) e.printStackTrace(); catch (InvocationTargetException e) e.printStackTrace(); /3.調用service完成注冊 UserService service = new UserServiceImpl(); boolean flag = service.regist(user); ResultInfo info = new ResultInfo(); /4.響應結果 if(flag) /注冊成功 info.setFlag(true); else /注冊失敗 info.setFlag(false); info.setErrorMsg(注冊失敗!); /將info對象序列化為json ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(); String json = mapper.writeValueAsString(info); /將json數據寫回客戶端 /設置content-type response.setContentType(application/json;charset=utf-8); response.getWriter().write(json); protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException this.doPost(request, response); 6.3.6 編寫UserService以及UserServiceImplpublic class UserServiceImpl implements UserService private UserDao userDao = new UserDaoImpl(); /* * 注冊用戶 * param user * return */ Override public boolean regist(User user) /1.根據用戶名查詢用戶對象 User u = userDao.findByUsername(user.getUsername(); /判斷u是否為null if(u != null) /用戶名存在，注冊失敗 return false; /2.保存用戶信息 userDao.save(user); return true; 6.3.7 編寫UserDao以及UserDaoImplpublic class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao private JdbcTemplate template = new JdbcTemplate(JDBCUtils.getDataSource(); Override public User findByUsername(String username) User user = null; try /1.定義sql String sql = select * from tab_user where username = ?; /2.執行sql user = template.queryForObject(sql, new BeanPropertyRowMapper(User.class), username); catch (Exception e) return user; Override public void save(User user) /1.定義sql String sql = insert into tab_user(username,password,name,birthday,sex,telephone,email) values(?,?,?,?,?,?,?); /2.執行sql template.update(sql,user.getUsername(), user.getPassword(), user.getName(), user.getBirthday(), user.getSex(), user.getTelephone(), user.getEmail(); 6.3.8 郵件激活為什么要進行郵件激活？為了保證用戶填寫的郵箱是正確的。將來可以推廣一些宣傳信息，到用戶郵箱中。6.3.9 發送郵件1. 申請郵箱2. 開啟授權碼3. 在MailUtils中設置自己的郵箱賬號和密碼(授權碼)郵件工具類：MailUtils，調用其中sendMail方法可以完成郵件發送6.3.10 用戶點擊郵件激活經過分析，發現，用戶激活其實就是修改用戶表中的status為Y分析：發送郵件代碼：修改保存Dao代碼，加上存儲status和code 的代碼邏輯激活代碼實現：ActiveUserServlet/1.獲取激活碼String code = request.getParameter(code);if(code != null) /2.調用service完成激活 UserService service = new UserServiceImpl(); boolean flag = service.active(code); /3.判斷標記 String msg = null; if(flag) /激活成功 msg = 激活成功，請登錄; else /激活失敗 msg = 激活失敗，請聯系管理員!; response.setContentType(text/html;charset=utf-8); response.getWriter().write(msg);UserService：activeOverridepublic boolean active(String code) /1.根據激活碼查詢用戶對象 User user = userDao.findByCode(code); if(user != null) /2.調用dao的修改激活狀態的方法 userDao.updateStatus(user); return true; else return false; UserDao：findByCodeupdateStatus/* * 根據激活碼查詢用戶對象 * param code * return */Overridepublic User findByCode(String code) User user = null; try String sql = select * from tab_user where code = ?; user = template.queryForObject(sql,new BeanPropertyRowMapper(User.class),code); catch (DataAccessException e) e.printStackTrace(); return user;/* * 修改指定用戶激活狀態 * param user */Overridepublic void updateStatus(User user) String sql = update tab_user set status = Y where uid=?; template.update(sql,user.getUid();7 登錄7.1 分析7.2 代碼實現7.2.1 前臺代碼7.2.2 后臺代碼LoginServlet/1.獲取用戶名和密碼數據Map map = request.getParameterMap();/2.封裝User對象User user = new User();try BeanUtils.populate(user,map); catch (IllegalAccessException e) e.printStackTrace(); catch (InvocationTargetException e) e.printStackTrace();/3.調用Service查詢UserService service = new UserServiceImpl();User u = service.login(user);ResultInfo info = new ResultInfo();/4.判斷用戶對象是否為nullif(u = null) /用戶名密碼或錯誤 info.setFlag(false); info.setErrorMsg(用戶名密碼或錯誤);/5.判斷用戶是否激活if(u != null & !Y.equals(u.getStatus() /用戶尚未激活 info.setFlag(false); info.setErrorMsg(您尚未激活，請激活);/6.判斷登錄成功if(u != null & Y.equals(u.getStatus() /登錄成功 info.setFlag(true);/響應數據ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();response.setContentType(application/json;charset=utf-8);mapper.writeValue(response.getOutputStream(),info);UserServicepublic User login(User user) return userDao.findByUsernameAndPassword(user.getUsername(),user.getPassword();UserDaopublic User findByUsernameAndPassword(String username, String password) User user = null; try /1.定義sql String sql = select * from tab_user where username = ? and password = ?; /2.執行sql user = template.queryForObject(sql, new BeanPropertyRowMapper(User.class), username,password); catch (Exception e) return user;7.2.3 index頁面中用戶姓名的提示信息功能效果：header.html代碼Servlet代碼/從session中獲取登錄用戶Object user = request.getSession().getAttribute(user);/將user寫回客戶端ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();response.setContentType(application/json;charset=utf-8);mapper.writeValue(response.getOutputStream(),user);8 退出什么叫做登錄了？session中有user對象。實現步驟：1. 訪問servlet，將session銷毀2. 跳轉到登錄頁面代碼實現：Header.htmlServlet:/1.銷毀sessionrequest.getSession().invalidate();/2.跳轉登錄頁面response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+/login.html);9 優化Servlet9.1 目的減少Servlet的數量，現在是一個功能一個Servlet，將其優化為一個模塊一個Servlet，相當于在數據庫中一張表對應一個Servlet，在Servlet中提供不同的方法，完成用戶的請求。Idea控制臺中文亂碼解決：-Dfile.encoding=gb23129.2 BaseServlet編寫：public class BaseServlet extends HttpServlet Override protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException /System.out.println(baseServlet的service方法被執行了.); /完成方法分發 /1.獲取請求路徑 String uri = req.getRequestURI(); / /travel/user/add System.out.println(請求uri:+uri);/ /travel/user/add /2.獲取方法名稱 String methodName = uri.substring(uri.lastIndexOf(/) + 1); System.out.println(方法名稱：+methodName); /3.獲取方法對象Method /誰調用我？我代表誰 System.out.println(this);/UserServlet的對象.web.servlet.UserServlet4903d97e try /獲取方法 Method method = this.getClass().getMethod(methodName, HttpServletRequest.class, HttpServletResponse.class); /4.執行方法 /暴力反射 /method.setAccessible(true); method.invoke(this,req,resp); catch (NoSuchMethodException e) e.printStackTrace(); catch (IllegalAccessException e) e.printStackTrace(); catch (InvocationTargetException e) e.printStackTrace(); 9.3 UserServlet改寫將之前的Servlet實現的功能，抽取到UserServlet中的不同方法中實現，并且將UserService創建抽取到成員變量位置WebServlet(/user/*) / /user/add /user/findpublic class UserServlet extends BaseServlet /聲明UserService業務對象 private UserService service = new UserServiceImpl(); /* * 注冊功能 * param request * param response * throws ServletException * throws IOException */ public void regist(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException /驗證校驗 String check = request.getParameter(check); /從sesion中獲取驗證碼 HttpSession session = request.getSession(); String checkcode_server = (String) session.getAttribute(CHECKCODE_SERVER); session.removeAttribute(CHECKCODE_SERVER);/為了保證驗證碼只能使用一次 /比較 if(checkcode_server = null | !checkcode_server.equalsIgnoreCase(check) /驗證碼錯誤 ResultInfo info = new ResultInfo(); /注冊失敗 info.setFlag(false); info.setErrorMsg(驗證碼錯誤); /將info對象序列化為json ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(); String json = mapper.writeValueAsString(info); response.setContentType(application/json;charset=utf-8); response.getWriter().write(json); return; /1.獲取數據 Map map = request.getParameterMap(); /2.封裝對象 User user = new User(); try BeanUtils.populate(user,map); catch (IllegalAccessException e) e.printStackTrace(); catch (InvocationTargetException e) e.printStackTrace(); /3.調用service完成注冊 /UserService service = new UserServiceImpl(); boolean flag = service.regist(user); ResultInfo info = new ResultInfo(); /4.響應結果 if(flag) /注冊成功 info.setFlag(true); else /注冊失敗 info.setFlag(false); info.setErrorMsg(注冊失敗!); /將info對象序列化為json ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(); String json = mapper.writeValueAsString(info); /將json數據寫回客戶端 /設置content-type response.setContentType(application/json;charset=utf-8); response.getWriter().write(json); /* * 登錄功能 * param request * param response * throws ServletException * throws IOException */ public void login(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException /1.獲取用戶名和密碼數據 Map map = request.getParameterMap(); /2.封裝User對象 User user = new User(); try BeanUtils.populate(user,map); catch (IllegalAccessException e) e.printStackTrace(); catch (InvocationTargetException e) e.printStackTrace(); /3.調用Service查詢 / UserService service = new UserServiceImpl(); User u = service.login(user); ResultInfo info = new ResultInfo(); /4.判斷用戶對象是否為null if(u = null) /用戶名密碼或錯誤 info.setFlag(false); info.setErrorMsg(用戶名密碼或錯誤); /5.判斷用戶是否激活 if(u != null & !Y.equals(u.getStatus() /用戶尚未激活 info.setFlag(false); info.setErrorMsg(您尚未激活，請激活); /6.判斷登錄成功 if(u != null & Y.equals(u.getStatus() request.getSession().setAttribute(user,u);/登錄成功標記 /登錄成功 info.setFlag(true); /響應數據 ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(); response.setContentType(application/json;charset=utf-8); mapper.writeValue(response.getOutputStream(),info); /* * 查詢單個對象 * param request * param response * throws ServletException * throws IOException */ public void findOne(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException /從session中獲取登錄用戶 Object user = request.getSession().getAttribute(user); /將user寫回客戶端 ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(); response.setContentType(application/json;charset=utf-8); mapper.writeValue(response.getOutputStream(),user); /* * 退出功能 * param request * param response * throws ServletException * throws IOException */ public void exit(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException /1.銷毀session request.getSession().invalidate(); /2.跳轉登錄頁面 response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+/login.html); /* * 激活功能 * param request * param response * throws ServletException * throws IOException */ public void active(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException /1.獲取激活碼 String code = request.getParameter(code); if(code != null) /2.調用service完成激活 /UserService service = new UserServiceImpl(); boolean flag = service.active(code); /3.判斷標記 String msg = null; if(flag) /激活成功 msg = 激活成功，請登錄; else /激活失敗 msg = 激活失敗，請聯系管理員!; response.setContentType(text/html;charset=utf-8); response.getWriter().write(msg); 9.4 頁面路徑改寫register.htmllogin.htmlheader.htmlUserServiceImpl發送郵件10 分類數據展示10.1 效果：10.2 分析：10.3 代碼實現：10.3.1 后臺代碼CategoryServletWebServlet(/category/*)public class CategoryServlet extends BaseServlet private CategoryService service = new CategoryServiceImpl(); /* * 查詢所有 * param request * param response * throws ServletException * throws IOExcept