1、Section ,Using Language,It was a prison from which no one escaped. 那是一座沒 有人能逃得出去的監(jiān)獄。 1escape,點(diǎn)撥,(1)vi.逃脫；逃走,She managed to escape from the burning car. 她設(shè)法從著火的汽車?yán)锾恿顺鰜怼?(2)vi.泄漏 Put the lid on to prevent gas escaping. 蓋上蓋子，以免煤氣泄漏了。 (3)vt.逃避；避開 She was lucky to escape punishment. 她逃脫懲罰真是幸運(yùn)。,拓展,escape

2、sth./doing sth. 避免/逃脫(做)某事,escape from 從逃出,運(yùn)用,完成句子，每空一詞, He _ _ ( 從 逃 出 ) the prison this,morning.,escaped,from, They _ _ ( 避 免 受 傷 ) when the house,collapsed.,escaped,injury,I did not work again for twenty years until Mr Mandela and the ANC came to power in 1994.在曼德拉和非國(guó)大 1994 年 掌權(quán)之前，我有 20 年沒有工作。 2c

3、ome to power 當(dāng)權(quán)；上臺(tái),典例,They didnt want him to come to power.,他們不想讓他掌權(quán)。,拓展,in power 當(dāng)權(quán)；執(zhí)政,lose power 失去權(quán)力 beyond/out of ones power 某人力所不能及的 take power 取得政權(quán),運(yùn)用,完成句子，每空一詞,How long has he been _ _ (當(dāng)權(quán))? The general tried to _ _ (取得政權(quán)), but he failed at last.,in,power,take,power,They said that the job and

4、 the pay from the new South African government were my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks.他們說，從南非新政府得到的這 份工作和薪水，是我畢生為爭(zhēng)取黑人的平等權(quán)利而斗爭(zhēng)所得到 的回報(bào)。 3reward,點(diǎn)撥,(1)n.報(bào)酬；獎(jiǎng)金,He worked hard in hope of getting a financial reward. 他努力 工作，希望得到經(jīng)濟(jì)報(bào)酬。 (2)vt.酬勞；獎(jiǎng)賞 How can I reward your help?

5、 我怎樣才能報(bào)答你的幫助呢？,拓展,as a reward for.作為對(duì)的報(bào)酬,give/offer a reward to sb.for sth.為某事給某人報(bào)酬 reward sb.for (doing) sth.為(做)某事而酬謝某人 reward sb.with sth.用某物酬謝某人,辨析,reward/award,(1)reward 通常指用酬金、賞金或一些物質(zhì)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)進(jìn)行報(bào)答、 酬謝。 (2)award 通常指授予、頒發(fā)一些獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)、獎(jiǎng)品。,運(yùn)用,用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當(dāng)形式填空,Tom received a medal as a _ for his bravery. You wil

6、l be _ for your excellent work. Nelson Mandela was _ the Nobel Peace Prize.,reward,rewarded,awarded,set up law office to help poor black people in Johannesburg. 在約翰內(nèi)斯堡設(shè)立法律辦公室?guī)椭F苦的黑 人 4set up,點(diǎn)撥,(1)設(shè)立；建立,They have set up a school for the blind. 他們建立了一所盲人學(xué)校。 (2)set up 安排；策劃 Ive set up a meeting for Fr

7、iday. 我已安排好在星期五開會(huì)。 (3)set up 裝配；安裝 She set up the stereo in her bedroom. 她把立體音響裝在了臥室里。,辨析,set up/put up/build/found,(1)set up 側(cè)重于設(shè)施、機(jī)構(gòu)、團(tuán)體、組織等的成立，強(qiáng)調(diào) 建成的對(duì)象的內(nèi)部設(shè)施基本齊全。 (2)put up 多用于指搭建臨時(shí)性的房屋、帳篷等。 (3)build 側(cè)重于建造建筑、樓房、橋梁、道路等。 (4)found 表示“建立；成立；創(chuàng)立”，著重指打下基礎(chǔ)； 多指“國(guó)家或組織的成立”，與 set up 意義接近。,運(yùn)用,用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當(dāng)形式填空,

8、The government _ a new bridge over the,river.,built,He _ a business office in Xian. We first _ our tents and then we began to,eat.,put up,was founded,October 1st, 1949.,set up,The Peoples Republic of China _ on,sentenced to five years hard labour for encouraging violence against anti-black laws 因支持暴

9、力反抗反黑人的法律 而被判入獄五年做苦力 5sentence vt.判決；宣判,典例,The judge sentenced the murderer to death.,法官判謀殺者死刑。,拓展,be sentenced to 被判處(徒刑),sentence sb.to sth.判處某人(徒刑),運(yùn)用,完成句子，每空一詞,He _ _ _ _ (被判處死刑) at,last.,was,sentenced,to,death,運(yùn)用,用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空,1The man who is well _ emphasizes that _,is of great importance.(educ

10、ate),educated,education,2_ attacked training camps and it caused _ all over the country.We should fight against _.(terror) 3 He saw a lot of _ in the prison camp where the guards were _ to the prisoners.(cruelty),Terrorists,terror,terrorism,cruelty,cruel,如何寫復(fù)合句(),定語從句,定語從句的恰當(dāng)使用可將兩個(gè)或多個(gè)意義松散的句子變?yōu)?一個(gè)整體，

11、使文章顯得緊湊而富有美感。本節(jié)內(nèi)容的目標(biāo)是幫 助同學(xué)們學(xué)會(huì)在寫作中正確地運(yùn)用定語從句。,一、定語從句需注意的問題,1關(guān)系詞的選用由先行詞在從句中所作的成分決定：,We can never forget the time that/which we spent together,during the middle school time.,我們永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記在中學(xué)期間一起度過的時(shí)光。(作賓語),He came at a time when we needed him most.,他在我們最需要他的時(shí)候來了。(作狀語),2關(guān)系詞所替代的成分在從句中不能重復(fù)出現(xiàn)： 湯姆買的那本小說很有趣。,The n

12、ovel which/that Tom bought it is interesting.() The novel which/that Tom bought is interesting.() 3定語從句中的謂語與先行詞要保持一致：,I, who am your teacher, will try my best to help you with your,English.,我，作為你的老師，將會(huì)盡力幫助你學(xué)習(xí)英語。,4定語從句引導(dǎo)詞 that, who, which 等選用的特殊情況(詳,見 Unit 4“語法聚焦”),5要弄清楚句子是并列句還是定語從句： 他有兩個(gè)孩子，他們都是當(dāng)老師的。

13、,He has two children and both of them work as teachers.( 并列,句),He has two children, both of whom work as teachers.( 定語從,句),二、如何將簡(jiǎn)單句合并為定語從句,將簡(jiǎn)單句合并為定語從句有三個(gè)步驟：第一，找出先行詞； 第二，確定主句、從句；第三，分析先行詞在定語從句中的成 分(作主語、賓語或狀語)，選擇合適的關(guān)系詞。如：,The boy was at Center School last year.He helped us a lot.,步驟一：讀兩個(gè)句子，找出先行詞。(先行詞為

14、the boy) 步驟二：確定主句、從句。(前句為主句，后句為定語從句) 步驟三：分析先行詞在定語從句中作何成分，選用合適的 關(guān)系詞，然后將兩個(gè)句子合并。(先行詞 the boy 在定語從句中作 主語，指代人，則應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞 who/that),將兩個(gè)句子合并為：The boy who/that helped us a lot was at,Center School last year.,三、Units 15 出現(xiàn)的定語從句句型,1 It was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the,night face to face.(

15、固定句型),這是一年半以來，我第一次與夜晚面對(duì)面。,2 She gave me a determined lookthe kind that said she,would not change her mind.(同位語的定語從句),她給了我一個(gè)堅(jiān)定的眼神這種眼神表明她是不會(huì)改變,主意的。,3But the one million of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.(非限制性定語從句) 但是這個(gè)一百萬人口的城市輕視了那些事件，那天晚上照,常睡覺。,4 Your spe

16、ech was heard by a group of five judges, all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.(“不定代詞 介詞關(guān)系詞”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句),五個(gè)評(píng)委聽了你的演講，他們都認(rèn)為你的演講是今年最好,的。,5 Next month the city will open a new park to honour those who died in the terrible disaster.(who 引 導(dǎo) 的 、 先 行 詞 為 those 的定語從句),下個(gè)月我市將開放一個(gè)新公園，以紀(jì)念那些在那次可

17、怕的,災(zāi)難中死去的人們。,6 He was generous with his time, for which I was,grateful.(“介詞關(guān)系詞”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句) 他(納爾遜曼德拉)十分慷慨地給予我時(shí)間，我為此非常感,謝。,7 .we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.(“介詞 關(guān)系詞”引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句),我們被置于這樣一個(gè)境地：要么被迫接受低人一等的,現(xiàn)實(shí)，要么跟政府作斗爭(zhēng)。,運(yùn)用,1.將下列

18、兩個(gè)句子合并成一個(gè)含定語從句的復(fù)合句,The boy has gone to Australia.I write to him once a month. _ _ _,The boy who/whom I write to once a month has gone to Australia./The boy to whom I write once a month has gone to Australia.,The play was wonderful.The students of Class Ten put it on last term.,_,_,The play which the

19、 students of Class Ten put on last term was,wonderful.,The old man always wears his glasses.He cant see anything,without the glasses.,_,_,The old man always wears his glasses without which he cant,see anything.,The room is always full of sunshine.The windows of the,room face east.,_,The room whose w

20、indows/the windows of which/of which the,windows face east is always full of sunshine.,The boy has finally become very successful.You helped to,take care of his sick mother.,_,_,The boy whose sick mother you helped to take care of has,finally become very successful.,Her son went to the college.I stu

21、died at the college ten years,ago.,_,_,Her son went to the college where/at which I studied ten years,ago.,_,_,People still remember that day when/on which the city was,liberated.,He dislikes Mary.We dont know the reason.,_,We dont know the reason why/for which he dislikes Mary.,People still remember that day.The city was liberated on that,day.,2漢澤英, 這 是他第一次在高中演講比賽中獲獎(jiǎng)。 (win the high,school speaking competition),_,_,It is the first time that he has won the high school speaking,competition.,我的姐姐是一個(gè)意志堅(jiān)定的人，一個(gè)一旦下定了決心就 不 會(huì) 改 變 主 意 的 人 。 (determined; change on