ManyAmericansfindsilenceunfortableduringabuffet(自助餐)oraformaldinner.SointheStatesthereisawidespreadpracticeofmaking“smalltalk”incertainsocialsituations.Smalltalkdealswithvarioustopicssuperficially(表面地)，simplyforthesakeofkeepingaconversationgoing.Thetopicsmightincludetheweather，sports，collegecourses，clothing，food，etc.Smalltalkisespeciallyusefulatsocialgatheringswhenyoumeetsomeoneforthefirsttime，orwhenpoliteconversationisexpectedbutnoseriousdiscussionisdesired.Itismonbutnotnecessarilyexpectedthatoneknowssomeoneinagroupbeforeengagingwithhisorherconversation.Atapartyactually，asimple“MayIjoinyou？”andaself-introductionisnormallysufficienttogainacceptanceintoagroupandtojoininaconversation.Insomeplaces，suchasthelobbyofaconcerthallortheater，awaitingroomoraclassroom，itismonforstrangerstostartaconversationevenwithoutanintroduction.Despitetheinformalitythatpervades(遍布)theUSsociety，peopleintheStatesexpectthosewhomtheyspeaktoputasidewhatevertheyaredoingandlisten.Asarule，theconversationdistancebetweentwopeopleisatleasttwoorthreefeet.StandingatacloserrangewillmakemanyAmericansfeeluneasy.True(T)orFalse(F)．1．Smalltalkisespeciallyuselessatsocialgatheringswhenyoumeetsomeoneforthefirsttime.()2．Itisnotnecessarythatthepeoplewhojoinintheconversationknoweachother.()3．Itismonforstrangerstostartaconversationevenwithoutanintroductioninsomeplaces.()4．Whilehavingaconversation，Americansliketostandclosetoeachother.()PeriodOneIntroduction&VocabularyandReadingⅠ.重點單詞1．adj.非正式的adj.正式的2．adj.嚴肅的3．adv.自信地adj.自信的n．自信4．v．缺乏，缺少5．adj.預先的，在前的6．v．嘆氣，嘆息7．n．機會8．n．責任；義務Ⅱ.重點短語1．交朋友，建立友誼2．對……神經緊張/害怕/膽怯/焦慮不安3．想起，回憶起4．把目光從……移開5．另外，除此之外6．了解(到)；找出(信息)Ⅲ.重點句式1．主語＋be＋adj.＋todoAndtheyareeasy(learn)．這些(技能)學起來很容易。2．定語從句thinkoftopicsyouwouldavoidifyouweretalkingtostrangers...想一些當你和陌生人談話時不會談論的話題……Listeningisaskillmostpeoplelack...聆聽是多數人缺乏的技巧……lookawayfromthepersonistalkingtoyou把目光從和你交談的人身上移開3．祈使句＋and＋陳述句，hewillspeaktoyouforhours!和一個人談論他自己，他就會和你說上幾個小時！Ⅰ.課文判斷正(T)誤(F)1．Itismontousesmalltalkwhenyouarewaitinginalongline-up.()2．Religionisasafetopicwhenwemakesmalltalk.()3．Itisrudeforbothchildrenandadultsnottomakesmalltalkwithstrangers.()4．Itisimpolitetointerruptaconversationinordertomakesmalltalk.()5．Politicsisatopicwhichiscontroversialinsmalltalk.()Ⅱ.課文閱讀理解1．Thefirstparagraphmakesusknow.A．peoplewillhavesomedifficultyinmakingfriendsB．whatthewriterwilltalkaboutinthefollowingparagraphsC．somepeoplearenervouswhenatasocialeventD．someonecanhelpyouovereyournervousness2．Whichofthefollowingiswhatyoushoulddowhenlisteningtotheotherspeaking?A．Saying“uh-huh”fromtimetotime.B．Sighingaftertheothersaysonesentence.C．Lookingawayfromthepersonwhoistalkingtoyouwhenlistening.D．Changingthesubjectwhilethepersonissayingsomethingabouthimself.3．Thetopicsentenceoftheparagraphtitled“Learntherules”is.A．whentoleaveandwhennottoleaveB．tobeontimeatthegatheringsC．thatdifferentcultureshavedifferentrulesaboutsocialgatheringsD．thatyoushouldlearnaboutthecountry’scustomsaftergoingthere4．Thewritermainlywantstointhispassage.A．introducetoustherulestobeabetterlistenerB．tellhowtousesmalltalkcorrectlyinourconversationC．giveussometipsonhowtoimproveoursocialskillsD．informusofthedifferentsocialcustomsindifferentcountries重點詞匯1．Ifyoutalkaboutthesetopics，istheconversationseriousorsmalltalk?如果你談論這些話題，對話是嚴肅的還是閑談？[歸納拓展](1)seriousadj.嚴肅的；嚴重的；認真的beseriousabout...對……認真nothingserious沒什么大不了的；不嚴重(2)seriouslyadv.嚴重地；認真地takesth.seriously認真地對待某事[語境助記](1)Howseriousdoyouthinkthesituationis?你認為情況有多嚴重？(2)Youhaveatemperature，butit’snothingserious.It’sprobablyjusttheflu.你體溫有些高，但是不嚴重，可能只是流感。[題組訓練](1)單句語法填空①Issheseriouslearningtobeapilot?②Ifyouwanttomakeprogress，youshouldtakeyourstudy(serious)．(2)單句改錯Believeme，Iamseriouswithsellingthehouse.2．Wouldyoulovetogotoapartyandtalkconfidentlytoeveryguest?你是否愿意參加聚會并自信地和每位來賓交談？[歸納拓展](1)confidentlyadv.自信地(2)confidentadj.自信的beconfidentof確信；對……有信心(3)confidencen．信心，自信withconfidence滿懷信心地haveconfidencethat...有信心……；有把握……haveconfidencein對……有信心[語境助記](1)Suchagoodidea!Whynotexpressitloudlyandconfidently?這么好的主意！為什么不大聲地、自信地表達出來？(2)Wehavefullconfidencethatweshallsucceed.我們完全有把握取得成功。[題組訓練](1)單句語法填空①Thesurveyrevealsthatcustomershavelostconfidencetheproduct.②Ourproductssellextremelywellandwecanremendthemtoyouconfidence.③Yourencouragementmadememore(confidence)ofmyfuture.(2)單句改錯Icanconfidentpromisethatthisyearisgoingtobeverydifferent.3．Doyouwanttomakemorefriendsbutlacktheconfidencetotalktopeopleyoudon’tknow?你是否想結交更多的朋友但又缺乏與陌生人交談的信心？[歸納拓展](1)lackv．缺乏，缺少；n.缺乏，不足lacksth.缺乏/缺少某事物lackfornothing什么也不缺(a)lackof缺乏……for/throughlackof因缺乏……，因無……(2)lackingadj.缺少的，缺乏的，不足的belackingin缺乏，不足，不夠[語境助記](1)Beforethefinalexam，somestudentslackcourageandconfidence.期末考試之前，一些學生缺乏勇氣和信心。(2)Weliveahappylifehereandwelackfornothing.我們在這兒幸福地生活著，什么也不缺。[題組訓練](1)單句語法填空①Rodislackingconfidencewhenapplyingforthejob.②Theclerkwasfiredfromhispositionlackofresponsibility.③Though(lack)money，hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.(2)單句改錯Hardworkcanoftenmakeupforalackinability.4．Ithelpsifyoudoalittleadvanceplanning.你要是預先做些準備，將會對你有所幫助。[歸納拓展](1)advanceadj.預先的，在前的；n.前進；發展；提升；預付款；v.前進；提出；提前；預付inadvance在前面，預先inadvanceof在……前面；超過(2)advancedadj.先進的；高級的；年邁的[語境助記](1)Pleasegiveusadvancewarningifwecan’tusethiskindofequipment.如果我們不能使用這種設備的話，請事先通知我們。(2)Pleasepleteallrequiredreadingsinadvanceofeachclass.請在每次上課前完成所有指定的閱讀。[題組訓練](1)用advance的正確形式填空①Thedateofthemeetingbyfourdays.②Sheistheworkerinthisfactorywiththeskill.(2)單句改錯Ifyouareworriedthattheroomswillnotbeavailable，youcanbookoneinadvanceof.5．thinkofthingstotellpeopleaboutyourstudies想出一些有關你學習的事情來告訴別人[歸納拓展]thinkof想起，回憶起；考慮Whatdoyouthinkof...？你認為……怎么樣？thinkof...as...把……看作……thinkhighlyof...leof...對……評價高/低thinkover考慮；仔細思考thinktwice三思；再三考慮[語境助記](1)Canyouthinkofagoodwaytomakefriends?你能想出一個交友的好辦法嗎？(2)I’llthinkoveryourofferandgiveyoumyanswertomorrow.我會仔細考慮你的建議并且在明天給你答復。(3)Youneedtothinktwicebeforefollowingthatadvice.在接受那建議之前你需要再三考慮。[題組訓練](1)單句語法填空①Theleadersthought(high)oftheinformalconversationbetweenthetwosides.②Ithinkofhimahappypersonwithmanyfriends.(2)一句多譯你覺得你的新學校怎么樣？①(think)②(like)③(find)6．Don’tlookawayfromthepersonwho’stalkingtoyou.不要把目光從正在跟你說話的人身上移開。[歸納拓展]lookawayfrom把目光從……移開lookforwardto期待lookinto調查，研究lookout當心，留神lookdownon/upon看不起lookthrough仔細查看；瀏覽lookon旁觀[語境助記](1)Hewassointerestedinthenovelthathiseyesdidn’tevenlookawayfromitwhenIleft.他對這本小說太感興趣了以至于在我離開的時候他的目光都沒有離開書。(2)Justalittlepatience，andwe’lllookintothematterassoonaspossible.耐心點，我們將盡快調查這件事情。(3)Weshouldn’tlookdownon/uponthepoorpeople.我們不應該看不起窮人。[題組訓練](1)用適當的介、副詞填空①Ilookedtoday’snewspaper，butfoundnothingimportant.②Wearelookingforwardhearingfromyousoon.③Look！Theremightbesnakesinthegrass.④Onlyonemantriedtohelpus，therestjustlookedinsilence.(2)單句改錯Shelookedawayherputerandsmiledatme.7．Inaddition，youneedtoknowhowlongyoushouldstay，andwhenyouhavetoleave.另外，你需要知道該待多久，該在何時離開。[歸納拓展]inaddition另外，除此之外inadditionto除……之外注意：(1)inaddition相當于what’smore，besides，furthermore，在句中起到插入語的作用，單獨使用。(2)inadditionto相當于apartfrom，aswellas，后面常接名詞、代詞或動詞-ing形式。[語境助記](1)Inaddition，healsofoundtwootherdeathsinanotherpartofLondon.除此之外，他還發現在倫敦的另一個地方有兩起死亡的病例。(2)Inadditiontoherworkinschool，ourteachergivesmusiclessonsafterschoolhours.除了學校的工作外，我們老師在課余時間還教音樂課。[題組訓練](1)選詞填空(inaddition/inadditionto)①Thehouseistoofarfromourschool；，itistooold.②analbum，Igavehimapenandapencil.(2)句型轉換①NotonlydidIstudybutalsoIgotinvolvedinlotsofafter-schoolactivities.→mystudies，Igotinvolvedinlotsofafter-schoolactivities.②Youneedmoneyandtime.What’smore，youneedhardwork.→Youneedmoneyandtime.，youneedhardwork.(3)單句改錯Inadditiontogiveageneralintroductiontoputers，thecoursealsoprovidespracticalexperience.經典句式Talktoamanabouthimself，andhewillspeaktoyouforhours!和一個人談論他自己，他就會和你說上幾個小時！[歸納拓展]祈使句Talktoamanabouthimself表示條件，and后的陳述句表示順承的結果。在句型“祈使句＋and/or＋陳述句”中，祈使句表示條件，陳述句表示結果，當前后兩部分間為承接關系時，用and，and譯成“那么”；前后意思為相反關系時，用or/otherwise，or/otherwise譯成“否則，要不然”。此句型的變化形式有：祈使句＋破折號＋陳述句；名詞詞組＋and＋陳述句(名詞詞組中通常含有more，another，further，earlier等詞)。[語境助記](1)PractisealotandyouwillbefluentinspeakingEnglish.多練習，你的英語就會說得很流利。(2)Trysomeofthisjuice—perhapsyou’lllikeit.嘗嘗這種果汁，也許你會喜歡的。(3)OnemorehourandIwillfinishitpletely.再有一個小時，我就能全部完成了。[題組訓練](1)用and，or/otherwise填空①Followtheadviceofthedoctor，you’llbewellverysoon.②Don’tjumpthequeue，otherpeoplewillnotbepleased.(2)一句多譯遵從老師的建議，否則你會考試不及格的。①(祈使句)②(if條件句)③(非謂語動詞)難句分析Peoplewithgoodsocialskillsmunicatewellandknowhowtohaveaconversation.句式分析本句主語是people；withgoodsocialskills是介詞短語作修飾people；謂語是由并列連詞and連接的兩個并列謂語，即和；howtohaveaconversation為“”結構，在此作動詞know的。自主翻譯Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Moreandmorehigh-risebuildingshavebeenbuiltinbigcitiesforlofspace.2．I’dliketointroduceourasciencelabtoyou.3．Oknocksonlyonce.4．Hespokecandwithease.5．Thetwogroupsmetfor(非正式的)talkslastweek.6．IstoppedlaughingwhenIrealizedBenwas(嚴肅的)aboutit.7．Withahopeless(嘆息)，heturnedaway.8．Hehadtogohomebecauseoffamily(責任)．Ⅱ.選詞填空eq\x(beseriousabout；forlackof；inaddition；lookawayfrom；thinkof)9．Wecouldtrusthim，forhehiswords.10．theterribleaccident.11．Theplantsdiedinsuchhotweatherenoughwater.12．Canyouanewwaytodealwiththeproblem?13．Youneedmoneyandtime.，youneeddiligence.Ⅲ.完成句子14．如果你善于聊天，那將會很有幫助。youaregoodathavingsmalltalk.15．站在那兒，那么你就能更好地看到這幅油畫。Standoverthere，theoilpaintingbetter.16．我問他怎樣學好英語。IaskedhimEnglishwell.17．據她的朋友和家人講，她幽默，容易相處。Accordingtoherfamilyandfriends，sheishumorousandeasy.18．這里有你的好消息。foryou.Ⅳ.課文語法填空Inyourdailylife，youoftenmeetwithsuch19.(embarrass)experiences—youtrytoavoidtalkingtosomeone20.yourecognisewhen21.(cross)thestreet；youcan’ttalk22.(confident)inthefaceofalltheguestsataparty，andalso，youlacktheconfidencetotalktoothersthoughyouareeagertomakefriendswithpeople.Inaword，youfeelnervouswhenyouareatasocialevent.Youneedn’tworryaboutsituationslikethese23.youhavegoodsocialskills.Theyareeasy24.(learn)．Peoplewithgoodsocialskillsmunicatewellandknowhow25.(have)aconversation.Hereareafew26.(idea)tohelpyou.·Makegooduseofsmalltalkinyourconversation，butbecarefulof27.topicsaresuitableandwhatarenot.·Trytobe28.betterlistenerwithpositiveanswersandbodylanguage.·Trytofindoutsocialruleswhenyougotoanothercountry.

答案精析話題導入1．F2.T3.T4.F基礎自測Ⅰ.1.informal；formal2.serious3.confidently；confident；confidence4.lack5.advance6.sigh7．opportunity8.obligationⅡ.1.makefriends2.(be)nervousabout3.thinkof4.lookawayfrom5.inaddition6.findoutⅢ.1.tolearn2.that；which；who3.Talktoamanabouthimself；and課文預讀Ⅰ.1.T2.F3.F4.T5.TⅡ.1.B2.A3.C4.C要點探究