2/2北京市朝陽區20192020學年度第二學期期末質量檢測高一年級英語試卷聽下面6段對話或獨白，從每題A、B、C三個選項中，選出能回答問題的最佳選項。每段對話或獨白你將聽兩遍。聽第1段材料，回答第1題。1.Whatistheman’shobby?A.Readingbooks.B.Collectingcoins.C.Listeningtomusic.聽第2段材料，回答第2題。2.Whatdidthewomandolastnight?A.Shesawamovie.B.Shevisitedhersister.C.Shewatchedafootballgame.聽第3段材料，回答第3題。3.Whichoneisthewoman’scoffee?A.B.C.聽第4段材料，回答第4至5題。4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahotel.B.Inasupermarket.C.Attheairport.5.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Bookaroom.B.Goshopping.C.Havedinner.聽第5段材料，回答第6至7題。6.Whycan9tdriversuseGreenStreet?A.Becauseofaroadaccident.B.Becauseoftheproblemwiththeroad.C.Becauseofthelargenumberofcarsontheroad.7.What’stheweatherlikethisafternoon?A.Snowy.B.Windy.C.Sunny.聽第6段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Checkthecomputer.B.Watchtheprogram.C.Changethecomputer.9.Whatisthewoman’ssuggestion?A.Askingpeopleforhelp.B.Readingtheinstructions.C.Usingthecomputermoreoften.10.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Learnfromthewoman.B.Takeacomputercourse.C.Learnbyhimself.聽下面一段獨白，根據題目要求在相應題號后的橫線上寫下回答第11至第15題的關鍵信息，每小題僅填寫一個詞。這段獨白你將聽兩遍。ForestHallShoppingCentreNumberofshopsover200shopsClosingtimeat11p.m.Children’sroom12nexttotheliftsClothesshowin13shopat2:00p.m.FoodanddrinkinNorthSquare,includingcheap14andexpensiverestaurantsNumberoffilmsinForestcinema15films語法填空閱讀下面句子，根據句子內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫一個單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。1.I’llneverforgettheday________Iwonthefirstprizeinthe100-metreraceinschool.2.Noonecanavoid________(make)mistakeswhilelearningaforeignlanguage.3.Lastnight,thereweremillionsofpeople________(watch)theliveTVprogramme.4.Manycountriesaresettingupnationalparks________animalsandplantscanbeprotected.5.________makesthebooksoextraordinaryisthecreativeimaginationofthewriter.6.Afterthejourney,Isharedwithmyfriendsmanyphotos________(take)inHainan.7.Theplanisnice，butmyquestionis________theycanmasterthisskill.8.Ithasbeenproved________eatingvegetablesinchildhoodhelpstoprotectyouagainstseriousillnessesinlaterlife.9.________(select)fromthewholeschool,theyareexpectedtobringushonorinthecominggame.10.Letmetellyou________wemet,soyouwillknowwhywe’vebecomegoodfriends.【1~10題答案】【答案】1.when2.making3.watching4.where5.What6.taken7.whether8.that9.Selected10.how【解析】【1題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：我永遠不會忘記我在學校100米比賽中獲得一等獎的那一天。分析句子結構可知，空處引導一個定語從句，先行詞是theday，關系詞在從句中作時間狀語，所以用when引導。故填when。【2題詳解】考查固定搭配。句意：在學習一門外語的時候，沒有人可以避免犯錯。avoid后接動詞時，常接動名詞形式作賓語，構成avoiddoingsth.意為“避免做某事”。故填making。【3題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：昨晚有成千上百的人觀看電視直播節目。分析句子結構可知，“thereweremillionsofpeople”為主句，動詞watch應使用非謂語形式，watch與邏輯主語people之間是主謂關系，因此應該用現在分詞作后置定語。故填watching。【4題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：很多國家建立國家公園，在那里動物和植物可以被保護。分析句子結構可知，空處引導一個定語從句，先行詞是nationalparks，關系詞在從句中作地點狀語，所以用where引導。故填where。【5題詳解】考查主語從句。句意：讓這本書非同尋常是作者創造性的想象力。分析句子可知，空處引導一個主語從句，從句中缺少主語，表示“使這本書非同尋常的東西”，指物，應使用what引導，位于句首，首字母應大寫。故填What。【6題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：旅程過后，我和朋友分享了很多在海南拍的照片。分析句子結構可知，句中已有謂語動詞，take應使用非謂語形式，take和photos之間是動賓關系，應使用過去分詞作后置定語。故填taken。【7題詳解】考查表語從句。句意：這個計劃很好，但是我們問題是他們能否掌握這個技巧。分析句子結構可知，空處引導一個表語從句，根據“myquestion”可知，從句表示不確定的語氣“是否”，應使用whether引導。故填whether。【8題詳解】考查主語從句。句意：童年時期吃蔬菜能幫助后來的生活中免遭疾病的侵害，這已經被證明了。分析句子結構可知，It是形式主語，空處引導主語從句，是真正的主語，從句結構、意義完整，應使用只起連接作用、無實意的that引導。故填that。【9題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：從整個學校中挑選出來，他們被期望在即將到來的比賽中給我們帶來榮譽。分析句子可知，句中已有謂語動詞，空處應使用非謂語形式，動詞select與邏輯主語they之間是動賓關系，故用過去分詞作狀語，位于句首，首字母應大寫。故填Selected。【10題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：讓我來告訴你我們是如何相遇的，所以你就會知道我們為什么會成為好朋友。分析句子結構可知，空處引導一個賓語從句，根據“soyouwillknowwhywe’vebecomegoodfriends”可知，空處表示“如何”相遇，應使用how引導。故填how。框詞組填空閱讀下面句子，根據句子內容填空。從方框中選擇恰當詞組并用詞組的正確形式填空。refertoworkoutfightfortakepartinjumptoone’sfeetaheadofpickoutbestuckinvolunteertoincreasetheawarenessof11.Ibelievethatyoucan________theproblembyyourself.12.Lastweek,we________atalentshow,whichprovedtobeveryinterestingandrewarding.13.Withajointeffort,wefinishedthetask________ourplannedschedule.14.Whatwelearntodaywillhelpustorealizeourdreams,solet’s________ourgoals.15.Aftertheparty,Jack________cleanupthehouseforHelen,whichmadeherpleased.16.We________atrafficjamonourwaytotheairportandwenearlymissedtheflight.17.Whenthelittleboysanginaveryhighbutclearvoiceonthestage,theaudience________,clappingandcheering.18.Aspeoplegradually________environmentalprotection,ithasbecomeoneofthemostconcernedissuesinthe21stcentury.19.Enteringtheroom,thelittlegirlimmediately________herfatherattheothersideoftheroom.20.Peterknewthetopicsowellthathegavethespeechwithout________hisnotes.【11~20題答案】【答案】11.workout12.tookpartin13.aheadof14.fightfor15.volunteeredto16.werestuckin17.jumpedtotheirfeet18.increasedtheawarenessof19.pickedout20.referringto【解析】【11題詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：我相信你能自己解答出這道題。分析句子結構，情態動詞can后面缺謂語動詞，can后面應該用動詞原形，動詞短語workout意為“解答出”，符合句意。故填workout。【12題詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：上周，我們參加了一場才藝表演，這次表演結果證明是非常有趣又有收獲的。分析句子，空缺處應填謂語動詞，時間狀語是lastweek，動詞時態應為一般過去時，綜合句意，takepartin（參加）符合語境，故填tookpartin。【13題詳解】考查介詞短語。句意：在大家的共同努力下，我們提前完成了任務。分析句子可知，________ourplannedschedule部分作狀語，aheadofourplannedschedule意為提前于我們計劃的日程，符合句意，故填aheadof。【14題詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：我們今天所學將有助于我們實現自己的夢想，所以，讓我們為了我們的目標而奮斗吧。分析句子可知，空缺處應該填動詞或動詞短語，let’s后面應跟動詞原形，fightforourgoals意為為了我們的目標而奮斗，故填fightfor。【15題詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：晚會后，Jack自愿為Helen清掃屋子，這讓她很滿意。volunteertodo意為“自愿效勞”。由后面定語從句中的made可知，本句該用一般過去時態，故填volunteeredto。【16題詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：我們在去機場的路上碰上了塞車，差點錯過了航班。分析句子可知，空缺處應為前面這個分句的謂語動詞，由后面分句的missed可知，此句應用一般過去時態，bestuckinatrafficjam意為“碰上了塞車”，符合句意，故填werestuckin。【17題詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：當這個小男孩以高昂清亮的嗓音在舞臺上演唱時，觀眾們跳起來鼓掌歡呼。分析句子可知，這個句子缺謂語動詞，由when引導的時間狀語從句中的動詞sang可知，謂語動詞應為一般過去時態。由clappingandcheering可知，觀眾反應熱烈，jumptoone’sfeet意為“跳起來”，符合語境，故填jumpedtotheirfeet。【18題詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：隨著人們的環保意識逐漸增強，這已經成為21世紀最受關注的問題之一。分析句子可知，as從句缺謂語動詞，主句用的現在完成時態，說明前面的動作已發生，故用一般過去時態；increasetheawarenessofenvironmentalprotection意為“增強環保意識”，與句意符合。故填increasedtheawarenessof。【19題詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：一進入房間，小女孩立即就認出了在房間另一邊的她爸爸。分析句子可知，空缺處在句中作謂語，這句話描述的是過去的事，pickout意為“辨認出”符合句意，故填pickedout。【20題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：Peter是如此的熟悉這一主題，以至于他作報告時不用看筆記。referto意為“參考”，refertohisnotes意為“參考筆記”，符合句意；without為介詞，后應跟動名詞形式。故填referringto。【點睛】在確定謂語動詞的時態時，時間狀語是一項重要的參考指標。如·第2小題，lastweek是明顯的過去時的時間狀語。類似的還有：justnow、in2008、atthattime、theotherday、afewweeksago、intheolddays等。完形填空閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AGoodHearttoLean(倚靠)OnMorethanIrealized,Dadhashelpedmekeepmybalance.WhenIwasyoung,Ididn’twanttobeseenwithmyfather.Hewasshortandcrippled(瘸),andwhenwe____21____together,hishandonmyarmforbalance,peoplewouldlookatus.Itwas____22____tocoordinate(協調)oursteps,andwedidn’t____23____muchaswewentalong,justkeepingsilent____24____aswestartedout,healwayssaid,“Yousetthepace(步伐).Iwilltrytostaywithyou.”Inmymemory,myfatherwenttoworkeveryday,rainorshine.Healmostnever____25____aday,evenifotherscouldnot.Meanwhilehehadto____26____theunkindlaughterfromothers.WhenIthinkofitnow,Iamsurprisedathowmuch____27____itmusthavetakenhimtomakealivingundersuch____28____.Althoughdisabled,myfatherstilltriedtotakepartinactivitiesinhisownway.Whenabaseballteamdidn’thaveamanager，hekeptit____29____.Hewasaknowledgeablebaseballfanandoftentookmetothe_____30_____.Healsolikedtogotoparties,wherehecouldhaveagoodtime_____31_____sittingandwatching.Inow_____32_____thathetookpartinsomethingsthroughme,hisonlyson.He_____33_____meallthetime.WhenIplayedball,he“played”too.WhenIjoinedtheNavy,he“joined”too.Hewas_____34_____tospendallhistimestayingwithme.Henevertalkedabouthimselfasanobjectof_____35_____,nordidheshowanyenvy(嫉妒)ofthemorefortunate.Whathe_____36_____inotherswasa“goodheart’’,andifhefoundone,theownerwasgoodenoughforhim.NowthatIamolder,Ibelievethatisaproperrulebywhichto_____37_____people,eventhoughIstilldon’tknowexactlywhata“goodheart”is.SometimesIwonderifhe_____38_____myunwillingnessduringourwalks.Ifhedid,IamsorryInevertoldhimhowsorryIwas,andhowI_____39_____it.AtsuchtimesIwouldputmyhandonhisarmtogetmy_____40_____,andsay,“Yousetthepace.Iwilltrytostaywithyou.”21.A.called B.walked C.listened D.laughed22.A.dangerous B.popular C.strange D.difficult23.A.try B.mix C.say D.act24.A.But B.Nor C.So D.Unless25.A.covered B.shared C.enjoyed D.missed26.A.lose B.bear C.send D.earn27.A.talent B.luck C.courage D.duty28.A.stress B.power C.loss D.fun29.A.lasting B.going C.waiting D.pushing30.A.projects B.offices C.matches D.stations31.A.still B.even C.seldom D.just32.A.understand B.compare C.promise D.declare33.A.checked B.followed C.searched D.reasoned34.A.crazy B.sorry C.eager D.nervous35.A.love B.fear C.hope D.pity36.A.lookedfor B.gaveup C.heardof D.worriedabout37.A.imagine B.judge C.control D.attract38.A.mentioned B.treated C.sensed D.passed39.A.doubted B.avoided C.confirmed D.regretted40.A.balance B.challenge C.advantage D.position【21~40題答案】【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.D26.B27.C28.A29.B30.C31.D32.A33.B34.C35.D36.A37.B38.C39.D40.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了我和跛腳的爸爸之間的故事。爸爸腳跛了，走路時需要支撐我來保持平衡，我為此還感覺難堪。多年之后，我才意識到，其實是爸爸在幫助我獲得平衡。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他身材矮小，走起路來跛得很厲害。我們一起走時，他要把手搭在我的肩上才能保持平衡，人們就會盯著我們看。A．called叫；B．walked走路；C．listened聽；D．laughed笑。句子中說爸爸把手搭在我的肩膀上，第2、3空出現了steps、wentalong這些詞，可知這里指我們一起走的時候。故選B項。【22題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：要協調我們的步伐并不容易。A．dangerous危險的；B．popular流行的；C．strange奇怪的；D．difficult困難的。前面提到爸爸的腳是跛著的，下文也提到爸爸說：“你定步伐，我會盡量跟上。”說明我們很難去協調步伐，跟爸爸能走到一起很難。故選D項。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，我們走路的時候并不怎么說話。A．try嘗試；B．mix混合；C．say說話；D．act行動。空格后提到justkeepsilent可知我們一起走的時候不說話。故選C項。【24題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：但出發時，他總是說：“你定步伐，我會盡量跟上。”A．but但是；B．nor也不；C．so于是；D．unless除非。前一句提到我們一起走路的時候很沉默，沒什么話。這里提到出發時，爸爸總說這樣一句話。前后句子成轉折關系。故選A項。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在我的記憶中，不論天氣陰晴，他每天都去上班，幾乎沒有曠過一天工。即使別人無法上班，他也要去。A．covered遮蓋；B．shared分享；C．enjoyed喜歡；D．missed錯過。空格前面提到不論陰晴，每天都去上班，空格后說即使別人不去，他也要去。所以這里可以判斷爸爸沒有曠過一天工。miss表示“錯過”。故選D項。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同時，他還要忍受別人對他不友好的嘲笑。A．lose失去；B．bear忍受；C．send派出去、發送；D．earn獲得。別人對他投以不友好的嘲笑，所以他要忍受這一切。故選B項。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一個成年男子要有多少勇氣才能在這種壓力之下生存，我現在想來驚訝不已。A．talent天賦；B．luck運氣；C．courage勇氣；D．duty責任。爸爸每天面對別人的嘲笑，他需要勇氣來承受這種壓力。故選C項。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一個成年男子要有多少勇氣才能在這種壓力之下生存，我現在想來驚訝不已。A．stress壓力；B．power力量；C．loss損失；D．fun樂趣。爸爸因為腳跛，經常受到旁人不友好的嘲笑，因此，這對他來講是一種壓力。故選A項。【29題詳解】考查非謂語動詞詞義辨析。句意：當本地的一支棒球隊發現缺經理的時候，他使它維持下去。A．lasting持續；B．going運作；C．waiting等待；D．pushing推動。空格前面提到棒球隊缺經理，球隊面臨運營困難。爸爸使球隊繼續運作下去。keepitgoing表示“使繼續正常運轉下去”。故選B項。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他是一個很懂行的棒球迷，經常帶我去看球賽。A．projects項目；B．offices辦公室；C．matches比賽；D．stations車站。空格前面提到爸爸是棒球迷，所以他會帶我去看比賽。故選C項。【31題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他也喜歡參加聚會，只是坐在一旁觀看，也很開心。A．still仍然；B．even甚至；C．seldom幾乎不；D．just僅僅、只是。爸爸的腳是跛的，但是他喜歡參加聚會。盡管只能坐在那里看別人，但是他也很開心。故選D項。【32題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我現在才明白，有些事他是通過我，他唯一的兒子，間接參與的。A．understand明白；B．compare比較；C．promise承諾；D．declare宣稱。that引導一個賓語從句，指明白的事情。故選A項。【33題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他總是跟著我。當我打球的時候，他也在“打”。我加入海軍，他也“加入”。A．checked檢查；B．followed跟著；C．searched尋找；D．reasoned推理。由空格后面的句子，我打球，他也打球。我加入海軍，他也加入。可知，爸爸總是跟著我。故選B項。【34題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他迫切地希望一直和我待在一起。A．crazy瘋狂的；B．sorry抱歉的；C．eager迫切的；D．nervous緊張的。前面提到爸爸總是跟著我，可以判斷他急切希望一直跟我在一起。beeagertodosth表示“迫切希望做某事”。故選C項。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他從不把自己當作同情的對象，也從不對更幸運的人表示任何嫉妒。A．love愛；B．fear害怕；C．hope希望；D．pity遺憾、同情。由上下文對爸爸的描述可知，爸爸既不想被別人同情，也不嫉妒別人。anobjectofpity表示“同情的對象”。故選D項。【36題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他在別人身上所尋找的是一顆“善心”。A．lookedfor尋找；B．gaveup放棄；C．heardof聽說；D．worriedabout擔心。后面提到ifhefoundone可知，爸爸在尋找善心。故選A項。【37題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：由于年齡的增長，我相信那是一種用來判斷人的恰當的標準。A．imagine想象；B．judge判斷；C．control控制；D．attract吸引。爸爸在人的身上尋找善心，我也以此作為判斷人的標準。故選B項。【38題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：不知道他當時是否感覺到了我曾不愿意別人看見我和他走在一起。A．mentioned提到；B．treated對待；C．sensed感受、感覺；D．passed傳遞。我不知道他是否察覺到了我的不情愿。其它選項均不符合語境。故選C項。【39題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果他感覺到了，我很遺憾我從沒有告訴過他，后來我感到多么難過，多么后悔。A．doubted懷疑；B．avoided避免；C．confirmed確認；D．regretted后悔。句子中出現兩次sorry，可以推斷作者對自己之前的態度感到很后悔。故選D項。【40題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在這種時候，我就把手放在他的手臂上，來重新獲得平衡，并告訴他：“你定步伐，我會盡量跟上。”A．balance平衡；B．challenge挑戰；C．advantage優勢；D．position位置。最后一句話呼應開頭MorethanIrealized,Dadhashelpedmekeepmybalance，我最終才意識到是爸爸幫助我獲得了平衡。故選A項。閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ADearSir/Madam,Asyouknow,nextmonthwillseetheHaveaHeartactivity,whichisapartoftheheartresearch.Aspartofsupportforit,severalstudentshereatTrentHighSchoolhavedecidedtoorganizeahalf-marathoneventonAugust1st.AllthemoneythatwehopetoraisebydoingthiswillgotoHaveaHeart.Inordertoraiseasmuchmoneyaspossible,wearedoingtwothings:a)askingmembersofthepublictosponsor(贊助)individualrunnersintherace,andb)lookingforcompaniestohelpraisingmoney.ItisforthissecondreasonthatIamwritingtoyounow.AstheleaderofTrentHighSchool’shalf-marathoncommittee,Iamwritingtoaskifyourcompanywouldbewillingtoconsiderprovidingsponsorshipforourevent.Whatwehadinmind,ifyouareagreeable，istoputthesponsor’snameonthenumbersofeachrunner,andtohavethesponsor’snameonbanners(橫幅)alongthewayaswellasatthefinishline.Webelievethatoursponsorwillgetalotofpositivepublicity.Itisdifficult,ofcourse,tomakearequestforaspecificamountofmoney,butwearehopingthatthecompanywhichsponsorsuswoulddosototheamountof￡1,000ormore,andwouldperhapsalsocontributetothemakingofbannersetc.Wedohopethatmorepeopleandcompaniescangiveyourlovetotheheartresearch.Shouldyoubeinterested,pleasegetintouchwithusattheaboveaddress.Thankyouforgivingourrequestyourattention.Welookforwardtohearingfromyou.Yoursfaithfully,JamesMacDonald41.Whywillthehalf-marathoneventbeheld?A.Tomaketheschoolhighlypopular. B.TosupporttheHaveaHeartactivity.C.Toraisemoneyforthepoorstudents. D.Toencouragestudentstotakeexercise.42.Thehalf-marathoncommitteepromisesto________.A.providemoneytothepublic B.helptherunnersfinishtheraceC.designbannersforthecompany D.putthesponsor’snameonbanners43.Themainpurposeoftheletteristo________.A.askthecompanyforsponsorship B.invitepeopletothecommitteeC.explainthedetailsofheartresearch D.applyfortherulesfortheevent44.WecanlearnthatJamesMacDonaldis________.A.aprofessionalrunner B.aschoolteacherC.theleaderofacompany D.theorganizeroftheevent【41~44題答案】【答案】41.B42.D43.A44.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇應用文。文章是一封信，作者為支持“HaveaHeart”活動，而發起一場馬拉松籌款活動，作者寫這封信是希望公司能夠贊助馬拉松活動。【41題詳解】細節理解題。第一段中提到“Aspartofsupportforit,severalstudentshereatTrentHighSchoolhavedecidedtoorganizeahalf-marathoneventonAugust1st.(作為對它的部分支持，Trent高中的幾個學生決定在8月1號組織一場馬拉松比賽。)”，it指代上一句中的“theHaveaHeartactivity”，由此可知，舉辦馬拉松是為了支持“HaveaHeart”活動。故選B項。【42題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段中“Whatwehadinmind,ifyouareagreeable,istoputthesponsor’snameonthenumbersofeachrunner,andtohavethesponsor’snameonbanners(橫幅)alongthewayaswellasatthefinishline.(如果你同意的話，我們想的是，把贊助者的名字放在每個賽跑者的數字上，并把贊助者的名字寫在沿途和終點線的橫幅上)”可知，馬拉松委員會承諾把贊助者的名字寫在橫幅上。故選D項。【43題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段中“Iamwritingtoaskifyourcompanywouldbewillingtoconsiderprovidingsponsorshipforourevent.(我寫信是想問，你的公司是否愿意考慮為我們的活動贊助)”可知，這封信的目的是讓公司贊助馬拉松。故選A項。【44題詳解】推理判斷題。根據信的落款可知，JamesMacDonald是寫信的人，再由第三段第一句“AstheleaderofTrentHighSchool’shalf-marathoncommittee(作為Trent高中半程馬拉松委員會的領導)”可推知，JamesMacDonald是馬拉松活動的組織者。故選D項。BIfyouwereaskedtoimagineascientist,whatimagewouldcometoyourmind?Theideathatmostofthekidshaveisamanwearingawhitelabcoatwithmessyhair,bigglasses,andcupsofcolorfulliquidsgivingoffcloudsofsmoke.Asforadults,themajorityregardscientistsasstrangepeoplewhospendalotoftimeworkinginalonelylab.However,therealityisquitedifferent.RecentlyI’vehadachancetotakepartinascientificexperiencefarfrommylabandintoCostaRica.IthasalargeamountofwildlifeduetoitsgeographicalplacementbetweenNorthandSouthAmerica.Itishometomorethan500000species(物種),whichrepresentsnearly4%ofthespeciesworldwide!Firstweworkedtoprotectwildlifeataleatherbackturtle(棱皮龜)protectioncenter.Wehelpedthevolunteerstoremoverubbishfromthebeachtocreateasafeenvironmentforturtleeggstocomeout.AfterthatwestayedatMountArenalwherewestudiedseismic(地殼的)activityrelatingtoearthquakes.DuringourstayatArenal,werodeoverthemountainousareasandtookalongwalkthroughtherainforest.Onthelastdaywegotaprofessionalintroductionofrocket(火箭)scienceandlearnedaboutnewrockettechnologythatwillbeusedontheinternationalspacestation.DuringmyCostaRicaexperience,Iknowthatbeingascientistdoesn’tmeanworkinginalaballdayandnight.Ascientististheonewholoveslearningandgettingabetterunderstandingoftheworldfromhelpingprotectwildlife,learningaboutearthquakesorinventingrockets.Ithinkthatscienceissomuchmorethanwearingalabcoatandmixingchemicals.Kidsneedtobeawareoftheexcitementandadventuressciencecanbring!45.AccordingtoParagraph1scientistsareoftenbelieved________.A.todoexperimentsinmessylabs B.tospendtoomuchtimeinlabsC.towearclothesinadifferentway D.toworkindangerousconditions46.InCostaRica，theauthor________.A.experiencedanearthquake B.tookpartinrocketexperimentsC.pickeduprubbishonthebeach D.helpedthevolunteerscollectturtleeggs47.Whatdoestheauthorlearnaboutsciencefromhisexperience?A.Scienceisfullofboringexperiments.B.Scienceisrelatedtochemicalliquids.C.Scienceismorethanworkinginalab.D.Scienceisaboutwildlifeandearthquakes.48.Whatisthebesttideforthepassage?A.WhataScientistIsLike B.WhereaScientistWorksC.HowITraveledinCostaRica D.WhyIChosetoStudyScience【45~48題答案】【答案】45.B46.C47.C48.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過自己的經歷，幫助人們尤其是孩子們消除對科學家的固有印象，讓人們了解科學家究竟是什么樣的人。【45題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第一段“Asforadults,themajorityregardscientistsasstrangepeoplewhospendalotoftimeworkinginalonelylab.(對于成年人來說，大多數人認為科學家是奇怪的人，他們花很多時間在一個孤獨的實驗室里工作。)”可知，人們認為科學家都花太多時間在實驗室里。故選B。【46題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第一段“Wehelpedthevolunteerstoremoverubbishfromthebeachtocreateasafeenvironmentforturtleeggstocomeout.(我們幫助志愿者清除海灘上的垃圾，為海龜蛋的孵化創造一個安全的環境。)”可知，作者在哥斯達黎加的海灘幫助清除垃圾。故選C。【47題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第四段“DuringmyCostaRicaexperience,Iknowthatbeing

a

scientist

doesn’tmeanworkingin

a

laballdayandnight.(在我在哥斯達黎加的經歷中，我知道作為一名科學家并不意味著要在實驗室里日夜工作。)”可知，作者從他的經歷中認識到，科學不僅僅是在實驗室里工作。故選C。【48題詳解】主旨大意題。根據文章第一段“Ifyouwereaskedtoimagineascientist,whatimagewouldcometoyourmind?(如果讓你想象一個科學家，你會想到什么形象?)”及全文內容可知，作者通過自己的經歷，幫助人們尤其是孩子們消除對科學家的固有印象，讓人們了解科學家究竟是什么樣的人。所以用“WhataScientistIsLike(科學家是什么樣的人)”作為文章標題最為合適。故選A。【點睛】考查閱讀理解選擇最佳標題時，需要注意排除絕對化或片面的選項，要放眼全文，從首段和末段尋找文章的主旨大意。小題4就是根據文章首段第一句文章第一段“Ifyouwereaskedtoimagineascientist,whatimagewouldcometoyourmind?(如果讓你想象一個科學家，你會想到什么形象?)”及全文內容可知，作者通過自己的經歷，幫助人們尤其是孩子們消除對科學家的固有印象，讓人們了解科學家究竟是什么樣的人，從而概括出標題。CIsItaHealthyInterest?TheGuinnessBookofWorldRecordsdescribesRanulphFiennesastheworld’sgreatestlivingexplorer.Hisjourneysincludethefirstpolarcircumnavigation(極地環行)andthefirstunsupportedcrossingoftheAntarcticcontinentonfoot.Sowhenhesufferedaheartattack,itcameassomethingofasurprise.Exerciseishighlybeneficialasitreducesboththepulse(脈搏)rateandthebloodpressuresoreducingstressontheheartasitbringsbloodroundthebody.Italsohelpstokeeptheartery(動脈)wallsmoreelastic(有彈性的).Butcanyoupushyourselftoomuch?Onthesubjectofexercise,itisgoodtotakeseveralpartsof“moderate”exerciseaweek，whichisalittlemorethanquickwalking.“Weneedtobecarefulwhenwe’redoingextremesports,”saysexpertLenAlmond.“Extremestresscanmakealmostimpossibledemandsonthebody’sabilitytorecover.Thestressofextremesportsforcesbiochemicalchangesinthebody,andthephysicalresponsetothatkindofactivitywillbetooextreme.”WeallknowhowtheOlympicsbegan.Themanwhoran26milesfromthetownofMarathontoAthenswithnewsofavictorydiedassoonashearrived，andthecauseofhissuddendeathmightbetheheartattack.Furtherresearchwasdonebyscientists.Theystudiedcyclists(自行車運動員)onaracethatcovers230kmwithaheightchangeof5,500m.Theywereinterestedinoneparticularenzyme(酶),highconcentrationsofwhicharefoundinthosewhohavesufferedaheartattack.Thescientistsfoundthatlevelsofthischemicalincreasedinmostofthecyclistswhocompletedtherace.Thelargestincreaseswereseeninthefastestcyclistswhohadtrainedthehardest.Mostofuswillneverputourbodiestosuchextremesports.Butif,whenyouhearaboutsomeonelikeFiennes，youaskwhetherexerciseisworthit.Iadviseyoutoconsideryourowncondition.Personally,Iagreewiththesaying:“Runnottoaddyearstoyourlifebuttoaddlifetoyouryears.”49.Accordingtothepassage,takingexercisecan_______.A.speeduptheheartrate B.increasestressontheheartC.reducethebloodpressure D.keepthearterywallsstraight50.WhatdoesexpertLenAlmondsuggest?A.Ourbodiescaneasilydealwithphysicalstress.B.Playingextremesportsisharmfultothehumanbody.C.Weneedalongperiodofrecoveryafterextremesports.D.Thereismoretolearnabouttheeffectofphysicalstress.51.WhyistheresearchonthecyclistsmentionedinParagraph4?A.Tosuggestadifferentareaofresearch.B.Tosupporttheactivityoftakingpartinsports.C.Toexplaintheeffectofaheightchangeoncyclists.D.Toprovethatextremesportsmaycauseheartattacks.52.Theauthorbelievesthatexercise_______.A.helpsyouhavearegularlife B.addsyearstoyourlifeC.shouldbedoneinmoderation D.willbeworththeeffort【49~52題答案】【答案】49.C50.B51.D52.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文。運動雖然對身體有益，但是極限運動會給身體造成傷害，作者呼吁適度運動。【49題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段第一句“Exerciseishighlybeneficialasitreducesboththepulse(脈搏)rateandthebloodpressure(運動很有好處，因為它降低脈搏率和血壓)”可知，運動可以降低血壓。故選C項。【50題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段LenAlmond說的話“Weneedtobecarefulwhenwe’redoingextremesports(我們做極限運動時需要小心)”及“Extremestresscanmakealmostimpossibledemandsonthebody’sabilitytorecover.(極限壓力可以對身體的恢復能力提出幾乎是不可能的要求)”可知，LenAlmond認為做極限運動對人的身體有害。故選B項。【51題詳解】推理判斷題。第四段第二句提到“thecauseofhissuddendeathmightbetheheartattack(突然死亡的原因可能是心臟病)”，接著講述“科學家研究了完成230千米，5500米高比賽的自行車運動員，發現他們體內一種化學物質濃度上升，這種化學物質在心臟病人體內濃度很高”，由此可知，文章提到自行車運動員是為了證明極限運動可能導致心臟病。故選D項。【52題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“Butif,whenyouhearaboutsomeonelikeFiennes，youaskwhetherexerciseisworthit.Iadviseyoutoconsideryourowncondition.(但是如果，你聽說和Fiennes一樣的人，你應該問問運動是否值得這樣。我建議你考慮自身的條件。)”可知，作者認為運動應該適度。故選C項。DTheBeautiesoftheStoneAgeIhavejustcomehomeafterviewingsomeamazingworksofartthatwererecentlydiscoveredinChurchHoleGaveinNottinghamshire.Theyarenotdrawingsbutetchings—shapescutintotherock—andtheydescribedifferentkindsofwildanimals.Firstofall,thenumberisgreat:thereare90inall.Moreover,58ofthemareontheceiling(天花板).Thisisquiteunusualincaveart,accordingtoDr.WilburSamsonofCentralMidlandsUniversity.“Wallpicturesaretheusualway,”hesays.“TheChurchHoleetchingsareanartisticachievement.Itwasthoughtthatice-agehuntersinthiscountrywereseparatedfromthoseincentralareasofEurope,buttheChurchHoleetchingsprovedthattheywereactuallypartofawayofliving,thinkingandseeingtheworldthathadspreadrightacrossEurope.”Newsofsuchexcitingdiscoveriesspreadsquickly,andthankstotheInternetandmobilephones,agreatmanypeoplehaveknownaboutthisdiscovery.However,anexaminationoftheetchingslastyearfailedtoshowthepresenceofthem.Thereasonlayintheexpectationsoftheresearchers.Theylookedfortheusualtypeofcavedrawings,whichshowupbestunderdirectlight.Sotheyusedpowerfultorches(火炬),shiningthemstraightontotherockface.However,theChurchHoleetchingsarenotdrawingsontherocks,liketheothercaveones.Theyaremodificationsoftherockitselfandcan’tbeeasilymadeout.Theyshowupbestwhenseenfromacertaindirectioninthenaturallightofearlymorning.Dr.Samsonfeelsthatthelightingfactorprovidesimportantinformationaboutthefunctionoftheseworksofart.Ithinktheartistsknewverywellthattheetchingswouldhardlybeseenexceptearlyinthemorning.Wecandecidethatthecavewasusedforimportanteventslikeanimalworship(祭拜),andthattheywereconductedjustafterdawn,asthebeginningoftheday’shunting.TowhichIcanonlyaddthatIfeelveryluckytohavebeenabletoviewChurchHole.Itisasiteofgreatimportanceculturallyandispartofthetraditionalvalues,notonlyofthiscountry,buttheworldasawhole.53.WhatisthesignificanceoftheetchingsinChurchHoleCave?A.Theyshowtheexistenceofanice-ageculture.B.TheydescribeamoreadvancedlifeofEuropeans.C.Theyprovethatancientpeoplehuntedinlargeareas.D.TheyindicatethatfewerpeoplesettledincentralEurope.54.Accordingtothepassage,________.A.themethodstakentoprotecttheetchingsareuselessB.theetchingsarevariousfromtheusualcavepaintingsC.thediscoveryoftheetchingsshouldnotbemadepublicD.manypeoplevisitedthecavewithinhoursofitsdiscovery55.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“modifications”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Smallchanges. B.Freegifts. C.Goodexamples. D.Differentareas.56.WhatdoesDr.Samsonstatefromthelightingfactor?A.Thesearchtookplaceatthewrongplaceofthecave.B.Theartistsneverplannedtolettheetchingsseenbyothers.C.Thetorchespeopleusedintheexaminationweretoobright.D.Theetchingswereintendedtobeseenatacertaintimeofday.【53~56題答案】【答案】53.A54.B55.A56.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。最近在諾丁漢郡的ChurchHoleGave發現了一些令人驚嘆的藝術作品。短文介紹了所發現的蝕刻版畫的特點以及此次發現的意義。【53題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段“TheChurchHoleetchingsareanartisticachievem