Unit11RulesMatter!基礎知識Weshouldrespecttheoldandcarefortheyoung.the+形容詞表示一類人theold老年人；theyoung年輕人Taketurnstoplay,OK?turn:輪流；轉彎；改變短語：taketurntodosth輪流做……turnleft向左轉；turnleft向右轉turn…into=change…into把……轉變成……Pleasekeepthebooksinorder.keepsthinorder使……井然有序That’soneofourclassrules....of+可數名詞復數...中的一個；作主語時，謂語動詞用單數OneofmybestfriendsisLucy.蘋果中有一個綠色的。Oneofthe_________green.這些男孩當中有一個很擅長數學。Oneof______________goodatmath.長江是世界最長的河流之一。Changjiang_________oneofthelongest________intheworld.Youarenewtoourschool.Iforgottotellyouaboutthat.forgettodosth忘記去做某事（沒做）forgetdoingsth忘記做過某事（已經做了）He________________________again.他又忘記做作業了。I____________thedooralready.我忘記我已經關了門的。Letmesee.etoschoolontime.Letmesee=Letmehavealook.ontime準時Weshouldhandinthehomework__________.intime及時Wetookhimtothehospital_________,orhewoulddie.So,Imustsaysorrytoyou.say......sb對某人說...sayhellotosb......問好saygoodbyetosb向...告別saysorrytosb向...道歉Thankyoufortellingmeabouttherules.thanksfor(doing)sth為(做了)某事而感謝某人thanks=thanksb感謝某人感謝你的幫助。______________________________=______________________________Somelibrariesofferbookclubsforchildren.offersthfor/tosb=offersbsth為...主動提供=providesb.withsth.=providesth.forsb.為……提供……Childrencansharetheirstoriestogetherandenjoythemselves.enjoyoneself=havefun=haveagoodtime玩得開心后跟動詞，要加ingGohomeatonceafterschool.atonce=rightnow/away立刻，馬上AloneatHomealone:adj.獨自一人，強調客觀上一個人lonely:adj.孤獨的，強調內心的感覺；也可譯為荒涼的，偏僻的Helives_______inasmallvillage,buthedoesn’tfeel_______.Idecidednottoanswerthedoorandwentbacktodomyhomework.decide(not)todosth決定(不)去做...decide的名詞為decision短語做一個決定：makeadecision我決定好好學習。________________________gobacktodosth回去做...Weshouldfollowtherulesbecausetheycanbringusadvantages.followtherules=obeytherules遵守規則breaktherules打破規則bringsb.sth.=bringsth.tosb.給某人帶來某物I’mhappytohearfromyou.behappytodosth.做某事很開心behappyaboutsth.對某事滿意hearfrom==getaletterfrom收到...的來信soweshouldkeeptheminmindandfollowthem.keepsth.inmind把……記在心里putthewasteintothewastecans.put...into...把...放進...Takecareofyourchildrenunder10yearsold.takecareof=lookafter=carefor照顧takegoodcareof=lookafter...well好好照顧Thehousewasinabigmessaftertheparty.mess混亂;雜亂inabigmess一片狼藉makeamess弄得一團糟Ourparentsgotreallyangryanddecidedtomakesomenewfamilyrules.get/beangry生氣beangrywithsb.生某人的氣be/getangryaboutsth對某事生氣makesb.angry使某人生氣Thenewrulessaywecan’tmaketoomuchnoise.toomuch+不可數太多...toomany+可數復數太多...muchtoo太后跟adj或advWepromisetofollowthenewrulesandtryourbestnottobreakthem.①promise：v承諾；n諾言promisetodosth.承諾去做某事promisenottodosth承諾(不)做...makea/one'spromise許下諾言keepa/one’spromise信守諾言breaka/one’spromise違背諾言②tryone'sbest(not)todosth.盡某人最大的努力(不)去做某事=doone'sbest（not）todosth.TodayI'mgoingtotalkaboutdifferenttrafficrulesintheworld.?talkto/withsb和某人談論?talkaboutsth談論某事Whenyoudoso,youwillgetafineupto500Singaporedollars.when+完整的句子=when+ving拓展：while+完整的句子=while+vingbefore+完整的句子=before+vingafter+完整的句子=after+vingRemembernottorideabikeafterdrinkinginJapan.remembertodosth記得去做...(未做)否定：remembernottodosth.?rememberdoingsth記得做過...(已做)eChinesethinkoffoodasanimprotantpartofourlives.thinkof…as…把……當作……Alwayswaitfortheeldersorotherstotrythedishesfirst.wait等待waitforsb等待……can'twaittodosth迫不及待做……Neverpointatpeoplewithchopsticks.pointat指著某人一般指對象pointto指向……一般指方向XiaoFengteachesherselfFrench,andJimteacheshimselfChinese.?teachoneselfsth自學...=learnsthbyoneselfPeopleshouldalwayskeeptrafficrulesinmindbecausetheyaregoodforothersandthemselves.begoodfor對...有益begoodto=befriendlyto=bekindto對……友好begoodwith善于應付……begoodat擅長做……語法知識反身代詞定義：反身代詞譯為“某人自己”，表示動作行為反射到行為執行者本身，為加強語氣，也常譯為“親自”、“自己”。反身代詞的用法：①作賓語：當賓語與主語是同一主體時，賓語用反身代詞，強調“某人自己”。①Takecareofyourself.照顧好你自己。②Takecare,oryou'llhurtyourself.小心，否則你就會傷著自己。③Lindaboughtherselfadress.琳達給自己買了一條裙子。注意:反身代詞與它所指代的名詞或代詞形成互指關系，在人稱、性質、數上保持一致。②作賓語或主語的同位語：即為賓語或主語本人/本身。①Thestoryitselfisinteresting.這故事本身很有趣。②Myparentsthemselvesareteacher.我父母自己就是老師。③作表語：當表語與主語是同一主體時，表語用反身代詞。①Maryisnotherselftoday.瑪麗今天不舒服。②Iamfeelingmyselfagain.我感覺健康如初。③Justbeyourself,Tom.做你自己，湯姆。（祈使句省略主語you）反身代詞固定搭配byoneself=alone=onone'sown單獨，獨自enjoyoneself=havefun=haveagoodtime玩得高興helponeself(tosth)請隨便(吃/喝…)dressoneself=putonsth=wear=bein穿衣teachoneself=learnbyoneself自學makeoneselfathome不拘束talk/saytooneself自言自語keep...tooneself保密loseoneselfin...沉溺于...注意：反身代詞不能單獨做主語，但可以做主語的同位語，起強調作用。我自己能完成作業。Imyselfcanfinishmyhomework.反身代詞表示“某人自己”，不能表示“某人的東西”，因為它沒有所有格的形式。表達“某人自己的（東西）”時，須要用one’sown我用我自己的筆畫畫。數人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞人稱主格賓格形物代名物代單數第一人稱我Imemyminemyself第二人稱你youyouyouryoursyourself第三人稱他hehimhishishimself她sheherherhersherself它itititsitsitself復數第一人稱我們weusouroursourselves第二人稱你們youyouyouryoursyourself第三人稱他們theythemtheirtheirsThemselves情態動詞1.定義：情態動詞是表示說話人的情緒，態度或語氣的動詞。2.常見的情態動詞有：should,must,can/could,may/might應該必須能夠也許3.觀察使用原則：①Ican,hecan,Tomcan,Lucycan...沒有人稱的變化②hemust,theymust,Tommust,TomandLucymust...沒有數的變化③caneat/jump/run/sleep....后跟動詞原形情態動詞后跟動詞原形。情態動詞無人稱和數的變化。變否定:情后加notshould:應該,常用來表示勸告和建議情態動詞，后加v原型，無人稱和數的變化shoulddo應該做...shouldnotdo=shouldn'tdosth不應該做...一般疑問句:將should提到句首Youshouldseeadentist.(變否定)Youshouldnotseeadentist.=Youshouldn’tseeadentist.must1.表示必須、應該 Youmustgohomenow.2.表示推測，意為“一定” Shemustbeathome.3.mustn't一定不要,禁止 Youmustn'tplayonthestreet.注意：Mustsbdosth的回答為Yes,sbmust.No,sbneedn’t/don’thaveto.否定回答不用mustn’t(禁止；不準)must?：表示必須、強制性的動作或責任，帶有強烈的語氣。should?：表示建議或推薦，語氣較為溫和，不帶有強制性。should,must,can/could,may/might表示：表示說話人的情緒，態度或語氣的動詞。常見的有定義情態should,must,can/could,may/might表示：表示說話人的情緒，態度或語氣的動詞。常見的有定義情態動詞情態動詞后跟：動詞原形情態動詞無：人稱和數的變化變否定：情后加not情態動詞后跟：動詞原形情態動詞無：人稱和數的變化變否定：情后加not使用原則使用原則must?：表示must?：表示必須、強制性的動作，帶有強烈的語氣should?：表示建議或推薦，語氣較為溫和，沒有強制性must和should的區別完成句子Weshouldfollowsomerulesinourschool.（改為否定句）We_________follow________rulesinourschool.Youshouldkeepquietinthelibrary.（改為祈使句）________________inthelibrary.Wehavetrafficrulestokeepsafeontheroad.（對劃線部分提問）________________wehavetrafficrules?我們的老師總是讓我們按時到校。（完成譯句）Ourteacheralwaysasksustogettoschool_______________.should，rules，follow，the，class，we（連詞成句）______________________________________________________.TherearesomerulesatDavid'shome.（改為否定句）There_____________rulesatDavid’shome.Youshoulddrinksomehotteawithhoney.（改為否定句）You________drink________hotteawithhoney.Remembertobringmethenotebook.（改為同義句）_________________tobringmethenotebook.IhearAnnieisanoldfriendofhers.（改為同義句）IhearAnnieisoneof_____old_____.telling，us，for，therules，about，thankyou（連詞成句）__________________________________________________________.Milliedecidetogohiking.（改為否定句）Milliedecide_______________gohiking.Mybrotherhurthisrightfootwhenplayingfootballlastweekend.（改為否定句）Mybrother_________________hisrightfootwhenplayingfootballlastweekend.Hewouldliketoprovideuswithsomehelp.（改為同義句）Hewouldliketo________somehelp________us.我瀏覽網頁找到了這些信息。（改為同義句）I____________________theInternetandfoundtheinformation.back，tidyup，went，to，I，thebedroom（連詞成句）__________________________________________________________.Ithinkthisisfair.（改為否定句）I______________thisisunfair.TheaccidenthappenedonApril26th，2023.（改為否定句）Theaccident_____________onApril26th,2023.Weshouldneverfightwithourclassmates.（改為同義句）__________________withourclassmates.Beforewecrosstheroad，wemuststopandlookatbothsides.（改為同義句）____________________theroad,wemuststopandlookatbothsides.這里的天氣很好。而且，食物也很好吃。（完成譯句）Theweatherhereisfine._____________,thefoodisalsoverydelicious.Elizabroketherulestosaveanoldman.（改為否定句）Eliza______________therulestosaveanoldman.Ishouldtakeexerciseeveryday.（對劃線部分提問）_____________________youdoeveryday?Don'ttalkinthelibrary.（改為同義句）You_______________inthelibrary.學生不應該違反校規。（完成譯句）Students________________theschoolrules.隨著美食節的到來，學生們正在自己準備一切。（完成譯句）Asthefoodfestivalising,thestudentsarepreparingeverything_________________.Theycancarryalotofbookstoschool.（改為否定句）They_________________alotofbookstoschool.Wehavetocleanthehouseafterbreakfast.（對劃線部分提問）_________doyouhaveto________afterbreakfast?你能幫我把這些衣服放進洗衣機嗎？（完成譯句）Canyouhelpme_________theseclothes__________thewashingmachine?她答應在朋友們度假時照顧他們的寵物。（完成譯句）She_____________takecareofherf