第二部分

語法考點突破句法

篇第2講名詞性從句語法精講考點一

主語從句1．主語從句引導詞引導詞用法例句thatthat無意義，在句子中不充當任何成分，只起連接作用，不可省略ThatYuanLongpinghadrealisedhisdreamofseawaterricesurprisedthewholeworld．Thattheearthisroundisafact．引導詞用法例句whether，if意為“是否”，不充當句子成分，僅起連接作用。句首的主語從句只能用whether引導Whethertheywillgetmarriedisnotdecidedyet．Whetherhelikesthispresentisunclear．引導詞用法例句連接代詞what，who，whose，which，whoever，whatever，whichever在從句中充當主語、賓語、定語等成分，有意義且不可省略Whatshedidisnotyetknown．Whowillgototheconcertisnotknown．Whichbooktheywillchooseisnotclear．Whoevercomesiswelcome．Whicheverofyoucomesinfirstwillreceiveaprize．引導詞用法例句連接副詞when，where，why，how引導主語從句時，連接詞在從句中充當狀語，有意義且不可省略Whenwearrivedoesn'tmatter．Wherethemeetingistobeheldhasnotyetbeendecided．Whyherefusedtocooperatewithusisstillamystery．Howapersonmastershisfateismoreimportantthanwhathisfateis．2．用it作形式主語的主語從句語法規則例句It＋be＋

形容詞(obvious，true，natural，likely，possible，certain，etc．)＋that從句ItistruethatEnglishisbecominganinternationallanguage．Itisnecessarythatyou(should)mastersomecomputerskills．It＋be＋名詞短語(nowonder，anhonor，apity，agoodthing，nosurprise，afact，ashame，etc．)＋that從句Itisagreatpitythatyoumissedthefilm．Itisnowonderthatyouaresotired．語法規則例句It＋be＋

過去分詞(said，believed，reported，thought，expected，decided，suggested，etc．)＋that從句It'ssaidthatMrGreenhasarrivedinLondon．Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff．It＋動詞/動詞短語(seem，appear，happen，matter，occurto等)＋從句Itdoesn'tmatterwhetheryoupayincashorbycreditcardinthisstore．考點二

賓語從句1．賓語從句引導詞引導詞用法例句thatthat引導的賓語從句，that可省略。但一個句子當中有多個并列的賓語從句時，第一個that可省略，其余的不可省略Hesaid(that)weweretooyoungtounderstandthematterandthatweshouldturntoourprofessor．2．用it作形式賓語的賓語從句語法規則例句(1)動詞(find/feel/think/consider/make)＋it＋賓語補足語(形容詞或名詞)＋不定式/從句(2)動詞(hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjoy)＋it＋從句(3)動詞短語(seeto/dependon/relyon)＋it＋從句(4)固定搭配takeitforgrantedthat/oweittosb．that＋從句Wehavemadeitclearthataforeignlanguageisausefulweaponinthestruggleoflife．Don'tdependonitthatyoucantravelaroundtheworldifyoudon'tworkhard．考點三

表語從句1．表語從句連接詞語法規則例句從屬連詞that，whether只起連接作用，不作成分；連接代詞在從句中作主語、賓語、表語或定語；連接副詞在從句中作狀語Withouthissupport，wewouldn'tbewherewearenow．Byboatistheonlywaytogethere，whichishowwearrived．2．其他連接詞引導的表語從句語法規則例句Thisisbecause...(強調原因)這是因為……Thisiswhy...(強調結果)這就是……的原因。Thisishow...這就是……的方法。Thereasonwhy...isthat...……的原因是……Thereasonwhyweplanttreesisthattheycanprovideuswithfreshair．考點四

同位語從句1．that與whether引導的同位語從句語法規則例句that引導同位語從句，只起引導詞作用，在從句中不充當任何成分，但不能省略Wewereexcitedatthenewsthatourfootballteamhadwonathirdmatch．whether引導的同位語從句，在從句中不作成分，意為“是否”，不能省略，不能用if替換Theyhadthequestionwhetherhecouldpassthefinalexam．2．連接代詞和連接副詞引導的同位語從句語法規則例句連接代詞who，whom，what，which，whose引導同位語從句時在句中充當主語、賓語、表語或定語Ihavenoideawhowillbeinchargeofourgroup．連接副詞when，where，how，why引導同位語從句時在句中充當狀語Heshowedushiswayhowheworkedoutthatproblem．考點五

重難點突破1．what引導的名詞性從句語法規則例句what引導主語從句、賓語從句或表語從句，同時在從句中作主語、賓語或表語WhatimpressespeoplemostaboutYuanLongpingishisongoingabilitytofulfilhisdreams．2．只能用whether不能用if的情況語法規則例句①引導主語從句置于句首時；②引導表語從句和同位語從句時；③引導介詞的賓語從句時；④引導詞與ornot連用時；⑤引導詞后接todo時；⑥有些動詞如discuss，decide等后的賓語從句I'minterestedinwhetherhelikesEnglish．Letmeknowwhetherornothehaspassedtheexam．Ireallydon'tknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse．3．wh-與wh-ever引導的名詞性從句的區別what意為“什么”，帶有疑問的意思，意為“……的事情”，表示肯定的意思；who意為“誰”，帶有疑問的意思；which意為“哪一個”，帶有疑問的意思Doyouknowwhobrokethewindow？whatever，whoever，whichever分別意為“……的一切事或東西”“任何……的人”“……的任何一種東西”等，并且充當成分，相當于anythingthat，anyonewho等。Whoeverbrokethewindowwillbepunished．達標演練1．Cobb，forherpart，startedtoaskconferenceorganizerswhoinvitedhertospeak____________shecoulddosoremotely；aboutthree-quartersofthetime，theyagreed．2．WhatpuzzlesLily'sfriendsis____shealwayshassomanycrazyideas．3．Overthousandsofyears，theybegantodependlesson_____couldbehuntedorgatheredfromthewild，andmoreonanimalstheyhadraisedandcropstheyhadsown．Ⅰ．單句語法填空whether/ifwhywhat4．Whatstudentsdoatcollegeseemstomattermuchmorethan______theygo．5．Itiscalculated____Europeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance，includingsendingmaintenancestaff，oftenatnight，toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure．6．Makesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabout____frequentlyeachofyouwantstobecontactedand_____methodworksbestforyouboth．wherethathowwhat7．Healwaysparticipatedtothebestofhisabilityinwhatevertheyweredoing．Thatwas____noneofthechildrenthoughtitunusualthatDavidhaddecidedtojointhecross-countryteam．8．_____issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout-of-this-worldscenes．9．Thepoorwomanwasn'tabletogivehimanyinformationabout______shelived．10．Thestudentcompletedthisexperimenttomakecometrue_____ProfessorJosephhadsaid．whyWhatwherewhatⅡ．語法鏈接寫作1．然而，在我看來，學生最受益的是閱讀英語書籍，因為它可以幫助學生對英語有更深的理解。However，frommypointofview，__________________________isreadingEnglishbooks，foritcanhelpstudentsgainadeeperunderstandingofEnglish．whatbenefitsstudentsmost2．非常重要的是，我們個人應該提高我們的環境保護意識，減少我們的碳足跡。_______________________________weindividualsshouldraiseourawarenessofenvironmentalprotection，reducingourcarbonfootprint．3．沒有人能否認海洋污染正變得越來越嚴重這一事實。Noonecandenythefact______________________________________________________．Whatisofgreatimportanceisthatthatoceanpollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious4．很抱歉，我不能按計劃和你出去。原因是我弟弟前幾天摔斷了腿，我必須照顧他。I'msorrythatIcan'tgooutwithyouasplanned．______________________________________________theotherdayandImustlookafterhim．5．我建議你選擇聽說課程，因為這門課程完全是用中文教授的，這會對你有很大的益處。Irecommend__________________________________________，becausethecourseisentirelytaughtinChinese，whichwillbenefityoualot．ThereasonisthatmyyoungerbrotherbrokehislegthatyouchoosetheListeningandSpeakingcourse6．是美麗的黃色蒲公英給了我克服困難的靈感。__________________________________________wastheinspirationfromtheyellowdandelions．7．我突然想起我忘記了她的生日。_________allofasudden_____________________________．WhatencouragedmetoovercomethedifficultyIthitmethatIhadforgottenherbirthdayⅢ．語法填空1．_____worriesmyclassmateMaryalotthesedaysis2．____sheputsontoomuchweightandisfrequentlyill．Shehassomedoubts3．________sheeatstoomuchfastfoodhighinfatorsugar．Also，withtheCollegeEntranceExaminationapproaching，shebecomesmorestressfulandshecan'tsleepwellthesedays．Maybethisis4．____shebecomesfatterthesedays，shethinks．Whatthatwhetherwhy5．_____shebecomesslimmerandhealthierhasbeenhermaintask．Soshew