八下期末閱讀綜合訓練一、任務型閱讀AHaveyouevernoticedthis?Whetherinstoresorparks,thewomen’srestroomalwaysseemsverybusy.Notonlyaretheycrowdedinside,butlonglinesoftenstretchoutsideaswell.Meanwhile,goingtothemen’srestroomappearsmuchmoresmooth.Peopleeandgoquickly,andyouhardlyseelonglineswaitingoutside.Thereasonsarevaried.First,men’sandwomen’sneedsinrestroomsarenotthesame.AstudyfromtheWorldToiletOrganizationshowsthat,duetophysicaldifferences,thetypicaltimewomenspendintherestroomisabout2.3timeslongerthanthatofmen.Womenalsooftenusepublicrestroomstofixtheirappearanceortakecareofchildren.Toacmodatetheseadditionalneeds,women’srestroomsareoftendesignedwithlessspaceperuserthanmen's.Thismakesthetraditional1:1ratiobetweenmen'sandwomen’srestroomspaceunfair.LiangJi,anexpertfromtheChinaAssociationofUrbanEnvironmentalSanitation,suggeststhata1:2ratiowouldbemoreeffectiveInrecentyears,publicawarenessofthisproblemhasgrown.Toaddressit,weshouldstartbyraisingpublicunderstanding.Whenusingpublicspaces,everyoneshouldconsiderothers’needswhilemeetingtheirownInaddition,morecitiesshouldbeencouragedtosupportfemalefriendlyrestrooms.ReportsshowthatsomepublicrestroomsinShenzhen,Guangdong,havealreadyadopteda1:2ratioofmaletofemalerestroomspacesandhavealsoaddedsmartscreenstohelpvisitorscheckavailablespaces.InChangsha,Hunan,twoextrawomenonlyrestroomshavebeenaddedtoarailwaystation’spublicrestroomareas.DuringatiptoJilinprovince,Ialsonoticedapublicrestroomthatincludedawelldesignedrestareawherevisitorscouldreadbooksorchargetheirphones,makingthewaitingtimemorefortablThesewellplannedpublicserviceshavereceivedalotofpraise.Butmoreimportantly,whenwomenfeelmoreomfortableandvalued,ourcitieswillbeemorewelingandpeacefulplacestoliveProblemProblem1tomen’srestroom,women’srestroomisalwayscrowdedandhaslonglineswhetherinstoresorparks.Varied2ofthesituation·Becausemenandwomenarephysically3,womentendtospendmoretimeintherestroom.Insomecases,womenusetherestroomforthe4oftakingcareofchildrenorfixingtheirappearance.Howtosolvetheproblem·Helpthepublic5thesituation.·Takebothothers'needsandtheirownintoconsiderationAdopta1:2ratioofmaletofemalerestroomspacesandhelpvisitorscheckavailablespacesby6smartscreens.·Setupextrawomenonlyrestrooms.·Includeawelldesignedrestareawherevisitorscouldreadbooksorchargetheirphones,makingthewaitingtimemorefortable.People’sopinionsPeoplethink__7__ofthesewellplannedpublicservices.It’simportanttomakeourcitieswelingandpeacefulplacestoliveAccordingtothearticle,howmanyprovinceshavetheawarenesstosolvetheproblem?8Whatdoyouthinkisthebestwaytosolvetheproblem?9BSendinghumanstoMarshaslongbeenscientists’dream.Thishasneverbeendonebefore.NASAisbuildingarockettogotoMars.NASAisanorganizationintheUSAthatcariesoutspaceprogrammes.TheyarenowbuildingarocketcalledSpaceLaunchSystem.ApanycalledBoeing,whichbuildsairplanesandspaceships,ishelping.TieraFletcherisanengineerworkingatBoeing.SheisworkingonSpaceLaunchSystem.Itwillbethelargestrocketeverbuilt.Questionone:Whatwasyourlifelikegrowingup?Fletcher:IgrewupinasmalltowncalledMableton.ItisrightoutsideAtanta,Gicorgia.IwasveryinterestedinMathsasakid.Mymomwouldtakemeontripstothestore.Shewouldmakemecalculatethepriceofthethingswebought.Later,myinterestsgrew.Iwantedtobeamathematician.Ialsowantedtobeaninventorandscientist.Questiontwo:Whatisaerospaceengineering,andhowdidyoubeeinterestedinit?Fletcher:Engineerssolveproblems.Theydosobymakingproducts,suchasmachines.Aerospaceengineersworkwithairplanesandspaceships.Itookpartinaschoolprogrammeatage11.Itwasaboutaerospaceengineering.IdecidedthatIwantedtobeeanaerospaceengineer.Inhighschool,Istudiedreversethrust.Thrustisapushingforce(力).Itmovesairplanesforward.Engines(引擎)createthrusttopushalotofairbackward.Thiscausestheplanetomoveforward.Reversethrustisasystem.Itisusedinplanes.Itchangesthedirectionthattheairispushedfromtheengine.Questionthree:HowdidyouetoworkatBoeing,andwhatdoyoudotherenow?Fletcher:Iworkedasanintern(實習生)atBoeing.Later,thepanyofferedmeajob.Today,IworkonSpaceLaunchSystem.Idesignsomeofitsparts.Therocketisbeingbuilltandtestednow.Itwillbethelargestrocketeverereated.ItsgoalistosendpeopletoMars.Questionfour:Whatchallengesdoyoufaceatworkandwhathaveyoudonewiththem?Fletcher:I’m25,AfricanAmericanandfemale.MostofthepeopleIworkwithareoldermales.Thishasbeenachallenge.Peoplemayhaveunfairornegative(消極的)beliefsaboutme.Ihavebeenabletoriseabovethischallenge.IworkhardtoprovethatIcandomyjobwell.Ittakesconfidenceandcourage.Questionfive:Whatadvicedoyouhaveforstudentswhomightbeinterestedinacareerlikeyours?Fletcher:Doyourresearch!Also,keepanopemmind.Therearesomanychoicesoutthereinscience.technology,engineeringandmaths.Trythemallout.Keeptryingnewsubjectsuntilyoufindwhatyoulove.Donotlimityourself!Youarecapable(能干的)ofmore,youcandomore,andyoucanbemoreDreamjobs:RocketDesignerHumanshaveneverbeensenttoMars1scientistshavedreamedofitforalongtime.NASAisnowbuildingarocketcalledSpaceLaunchSystemwiththehelpofBoeingwhichbuildsairplanesandspaceships.WhatwasFletcher’slifelikegrowingup?Shewasmadetoworkouthowmuchthings2whenhermomtookhertothestore.Thenbeshowedagreatinterestinmaths.Shedreamedofbeingamathematician,aninventorandascientist.Whatisaerospaceengineering,andhowdidshebeeinterestedinit?Shetookpartinaschoolprogrammeaboutairplanesandspaceshipsat11andmadeupher3tobeeanaerospaceengineer.Inhighschool,shestudiedreversethrust.Thrustisaforcewhichpushestheplanetomoveforward,andreversethrustisasystem4thedirectionoftheplane.Theengineersolveproblemsbymakingproductsandworkwithairplanesandspaceships.Whatchallengedoesshefaceandwhatshehasdonewiththem?Asa25yearoldfemaleAfricanAmerican,peopleoften5ifshecandoherjobwell.Shehasworkedhardtoprovetheyare6withgreatconfidenceandcourage.Whatadvicedoesshehaveforstudentswhomightbeinterestedinsuchacareer?*Doresearchandbeopeninscience,technology,engineeringandmaths.*Don'tlimityourself.Themoreyoudo,themore7youhave.*?8WhatdoesFletcherworkonatBoeingtoday??9WhatcanwelearnfromFletcher’sexperienceofturningherchildhoodinterestsintoasuccessfulcareer??10CAVirtualVisittoStolenArtVirtual(虛擬的)museumsarenothingnewthesedays.Technologyhasallowedpeopletotaketripstosomeoftheworld’sgreatestmuseumsontheircouch.Nowhowaboutavirtualvisittostolenart?UNESCOisbuildingtheworld’sfirstvirtualmuseumofstolenculturalartifacts(文物).Theiraimistoraisepublicawarenessofcultureheritage(遺產)protection.“Behindeverystolenworkliesapieceofhistory,”saidUNESCODirectorGeneralAudreyAzoulay.“Wewanttoplacetheseworksbackinthespotlightsothatmorepeoplecannoticethem.”Thevirtualmuseumworksasaneducationaltool.Itwilloffervisitors3Dimagesofstolenartifacts.Therewillalsobedetailedinformationabouttheirhistory.TheprojectwillbedesignedbyFrancisKere.ThearchitectwonthefamousPritzkerArchitecturePrizein2022.Forthemuseum,hehasdesignedavirtualglobewithaspiral(螺旋的)centralstructure.Whenitisopenedin2025,themuseumwillpresent600piecesofartifacts.Oneofthemostimportantitemsisa3rdcenturyalabasterstoneinscription.ItwastakenfromAwwamtempleinYemen.Visitorswillalsobeabletoseeanivoryrelieffromthe7thcenturyBC．Theworkofalionattackingamanwasstolenfrom,theBaghdadMuseum．AgreenstonemasklootedfromtheMayasiteofRioAzulwillalsobeondisplay.“Theseareobjectsthatonceexisted,butwedon’tknowwheretheyare,”saidErnestoOttone.HeisUNESCO’sassistantdirector'generalforculture.“Wewillexhibittheminaspacewherewecanreallytellthestoryandthecontextbehindthem.”“Noonehasimaginedamuseumlikethis,”Azoulaysaid.“Thepresentationofeachartworkisadeepdive(深入研究)intoitsuniverse,itsculture,andthesocietythatproducedit,”sheadded.AVirtualVisittoStolenArtBackground●Technologymakesit1forustogoonajourneytotheworld’sgreatestmuseumswithoutsteppingout.●Designershopethateverystolenworkwillattractmore2sothatpeoplecanlearnaboutthehistorybehindit.Design●FrancisKere,the3ofthefamousPritzkerArchitecturePrize,willdesigntheproject.●Thereisgoingtobeavirtualglobewithaspiralcentralstructureinthemuseum.Artifacts●Inthemuseum,visitorswillbe4with3Dimagesofstolenartifactsandinformation,abouttheirhistoryindetail.●600piecesofartifactswillbepresentedinthemuseum,suchasthe3rdcenturyalabasterstoneinscription.Ifyoupayavisit,youcansee____5____anivoryrelieffromthe7thcenturyBCandagreenstonemasklootedfromtheMayasiteofRioAzul.●Artifactswillbeexhibitedinaspacewherewecan6tellthestoryandthecontextbehindthem.Opinions●Thepresentationofeachartworkmakesthepublic7ofcultureheritageprotection.●Thoughtheseareobjectsthatonceexisted,wheretheyareis8.●Themuseumis____9____imagination.Wecantakeadeepresearch,becauseeachartwork10isapartofuniverse,culture,andthesocietythatproducedit.二、短文填空AIntimetravelnovels,timetravelersaretransportedtothepast.Theyendupchangingthecourseofhistoryt1theiruseofmodernknowledge,technologyorskills.Asexcitingasthesestoriesare,readerscannothelpbutwonder:Domodernpeoplereallyhaveana2?IllumineLingao(臨高啟明),aChinesetimetravelnovelw3byXiaoFeng,triestogiveananswer:Theadvantageofmodempeopleovertheirancestors(祖先)isbasedonthemechanics(機制)ofmodernsocietyregardingtechnologyandknowledge.Thenovelisaboutover500modernpeoplewhotravelb4from2009to1628.ThesetimetravelersthenestablishanindustrializedempireinLingaocounty,Hainan.W5makesIllumineLingaostandoutisitsrespectforthegreatplexityofmodernization,atopicthatisnotoftendiscussedbyo6timetravelworks.Inmostworks,asinglemodernpersoncanmagicallystarttheindustrialrevolution(革命)orpoliticalreforms,whichcan'tbep___7_______.InIllumineLingao,however,thetimetravelersstruggletoconstructamodernizedsystemfromthebeginning.Thenovelincludesd_____8_____onhowthetimetravelersbuilduptheirindustrialsystem.Tosecure(保護)rawmaterials,theydevelopmines(礦井)andatradenetwork.Theyacceptrefugees(難民)fromtheMingDynastytoincreasetheirp___9_______.BeforereadingIllumineLingao,Ineverrealizedhowplicated(復雜)historicalchangesa10were.Insomeways,thisstoryisamirrorofthepaththatmodernizationtookinrealhistory.BWhyarepeopletakingpicturesoftheirfaces,theirhobbiesandtheirfood?Whydowecatcheverysinglemoment?Ican'treallygiveyouananswer,b1tobehonest,Iamoneofthosepeoplewhotakephotographsofeverything.Thespecialthingaboutphotographyisthatwecancatchmomentsa2andanytime.Allweneedforthisisourphone—somethingthatrarelyleavesourside.paredtootherformsofart,youdon'tneedanyspecialg3forit.Everysingleoneofuscangetstartedwiththiswonderful